精製機能性炭水化物の世界市場-2023年～2030年

概要

世界の精製機能性炭水化物市場は、2022年に2億2,303万米ドルに達し、2023～2030年の予測期間中にCAGR 5.6%で成長し、2030年には3億4,480万米ドルに達すると予測されています。

精製機能性炭水化物市場は、消費者の嗜好の変化や健康志向の意思決定に合致した様々な要因の組み合わせにより、近年顕著な成長と革新を遂げています。精製機能性炭水化物市場の拡大を後押しする主な要因は、健康とウェルネスを取り巻く意識の高まりです。

精製機能性炭水化物は、こうした状態を管理するためのより効果的な方法を求める個人に対応する製品の開発において極めて重要な役割を果たしています。低糖質・低カロリーの代替食品を提供するその能力は、こうした差し迫った健康問題に対処しようとする世界の努力と一致しています。さらに同市場は、天然由来の精製機能性炭水化物にスポットを当てることで、クリーンラベル製品や天然成分を求める消費者の嗜好に応えてきました。

同様に、北米は精製機能性炭水化物市場を独占し、1/3以上の最大市場シェアを獲得しています。同地域の成長は飲食品業界の情勢を変えつつあり、消費者はわかりやすく、容易に認識できる成分を特徴とする製品を積極的に求めています。植物繊維などに由来する精製機能性炭水化物は、より透明で信頼性の高い成分を求める消費者の嗜好に合致しています。

力学

健康とウェルネスに対する意識の高まり

個人が健康を維持し慢性疾患を回避することの重要性をより強く認識するようになるにつれて、機能的な利点を提供する飲食品を積極的に求めるようになっています。プレバイオティクス繊維や低グリセミック甘味料を含む精製機能性炭水化物は、消化器系の健康を強化し、血糖値を調整し、カロリー摂取を抑制する可能性が広く認められています。

2021年に行われたニールセンの調査によると、世界の顧客の67％が肥満度を積極的にモニターしており、49％が健康上の懸念に対処するために栄養の選択を行っています。精製機能性炭水化物は、低糖・低カロリー製品の開発に活用され、体重管理に努める個人のニーズに応えています。

原材料が分かりやすいことを特徴とするクリーンラベル製品への動きが活発化しています。植物繊維のような天然由来の精製機能性炭水化物は、混じりけのない健康的な成分を求めるこの嗜好と一致しています。機能性炭水化物は、消費者により透明で信頼できる選択肢を提供します。

慢性的健康状態の蔓延の高まり

肥満は、さまざまな慢性疾患を伴う顕著な健康上の懸念となっています。世界肥満連盟の2023年版アトラスによると、今後12年間で、世界人口の51％にあたる40億人以上が肥満または過体重になるといわれています。精製機能性炭水化物は、糖分やカロリー含有量を抑えた製品の調合を可能にし、効果的な体重管理ソリューションを積極的に求める個人にとって求められる選択肢となっています。

糖尿病もまた広く蔓延している慢性疾患であり、血糖値の効果的な調節が最も重要です。精製機能性炭水化物は、血糖値を最適に維持するための製品作りに重要な役割を果たしており、糖尿病患者やそのリスクを抱える人々の健康増進に貢献しています。

精製機能性炭水化物市場には、慢性的な健康状態に対処するために特別に調整された機能性食品や栄養補助食品など、多様な製品が含まれます。これらの製品には、健康にプラスの影響を与えることが知られている特殊な成分が含まれていることが多く、こうした状態を管理するための包括的戦略の極めて重要な要素となっています。

高い製造コスト

精製機能性炭水化物に関連する高い生産コストは、市場に大きな制約をもたらします。トウモロコシ、小麦、米などの原料から機能性炭水化物を精製・分離するプロセスは、資源集約的で手間がかかります。特殊な設備や技術を必要とすることも多く、多額の資本支出につながります。

天候や需給関係などの要因による原料価格の変動は、メーカーのコスト構造にさらに影響を与えます。品質管理を維持し、精製機能性炭水化物の一貫性を確保するためには、広範な品質保証措置が必要であり、その結果、生産コストが上昇します。こうした製造コストの上昇は、精製機能性炭水化物を含む製品の価格上昇につながり、コスト意識の高い消費者の購買意欲をそぎ、市場の成長見通しを制限する可能性があります。

天然代替品との競合

天然代替品の存在と消費者のホールフード志向は、精製機能性炭水化物市場に課題をもたらす可能性があります。消費者の多くは「クリーンラベル」を優先し、精製または加工された原料よりも果物、野菜、全粒穀物に含まれる天然由来の食物繊維や糖質を好みます。

こうした消費者の嗜好が、サイリウム・ハスク、チコリ根由来のイヌリン、その他の天然由来の食物繊維など、天然の代替品の台頭を後押ししています。こうした代替食品は、加工度が低く、自然の状態に近いと見なされるため、より好意的に受け止められることが多いです。

精製機能性炭水化物の市場競争は、このような天然の代替品との競合に対処しなければならず、自社製品の明確な利点を伝えるためのマーケティング戦略や製品ポジショニング戦略への投資が必要になる可能性があります。天然成分の人気は市場の拡大を抑制する可能性があり、消費者にアピールして維持するためには、製品開拓とマーケティングの両面でイノベーションが必要となります。

目次

第1章 調査手法と調査範囲

第2章 定義と概要

第3章 エグゼクティブサマリー

第4章 市場力学

• 影響要因
  • 促進要因
    • 健康とウェルネスに対する意識の高まり
    • 慢性的な健康状態の蔓延の高まり
  • 抑制要因
    • 高い生産コスト
    • 天然代替品との競合
  • 機会
  • 影響分析

第5章 産業分析

• ポーターのファイブフォース分析
• サプライチェーン分析
• 価格分析
• 規制分析
• ロシア・ウクライナ戦争の影響分析
• DMI意見

第6章 COVID-19分析

第7章 製品別

• マンナンオリゴ糖
• β-グルカン
• D-マンノース

第8章 供給源別

• トウモロコシ
• ジャガイモ
• 米
• その他

第9章 用途別

• 動物栄養
• 飲食品
• 医薬品および栄養補助食品

第10章 地域別

• 北米
  • 米国
  • カナダ
  • メキシコ
• 欧州
  • ドイツ
  • 英国
  • フランス
  • イタリア
  • ロシア
  • その他の欧州
• 南米
  • ブラジル
  • アルゼンチン
  • その他の南米
• アジア太平洋
  • 中国
  • インド
  • 日本
  • オーストラリア
  • その他のアジア太平洋
• 中東・アフリカ

第11章 競合情勢

• 競合シナリオ
• 市況/シェア分析
• M&A分析

第12章 企業プロファイル

• Cargill, Inc.
• ADM
• DuPont de Nemours, Inc.
• Ingredion Incorporated
• Tate & Lyle PLC
• Roquette Freres
• Sudzucker AG
• Beneo GmbH
• Grain Processing Corporation
• Kerry Group plc

第13章 付録

Overview

Global Refined Functional Carbohydrates Market reached US$ 223.03 million in 2022 and is expected to reach US$ 344.8 million by 2030, growing with a CAGR of 5.6% during the forecast period 2023-2030.

The market for refined functional carbohydrates has experienced notable growth and innovation in recent years, owing to a combination of factors that align with changing consumer preferences and health-conscious decisions. A primary driver fueling the expansion of the refined functional carbohydrates market is the heightened awareness surrounding health and wellness.

Refined functional carbohydrates play a pivotal role in the development of products that cater to individuals seeking more effective ways to manage these conditions. Their ability to offer low-sugar and low-calorie alternatives is aligned with the global endeavor to address these pressing health issues. Furthermore, the market has responded to consumer preferences for clean-label products and natural ingredients by spotlighting refined functional carbohydrates sourced from natural origins.

Similarly, North America dominates the refined functional carbohydrates market, capturing the largest market share of over 1/3rd. The growth in the region is reshaping the landscape of the food and beverage industry, as consumers actively seek out products featuring straightforward and easily recognizable components. Refined functional carbohydrates derived from sources like plant fibers resonate with this preference for ingredients that offer greater transparency and reliability.

Dynamics

Elevated Health and Wellness Awareness

As individuals become more attuned to the importance of maintaining good health and averting chronic ailments, they are actively seeking out food and beverage products that provide functional benefits. Refined functional carbohydrates, encompassing prebiotic fibers and low-glycemic sweeteners, are widely acknowledged for their potential to bolster digestive health, regulate blood sugar levels, and curtail calorie intake.

According to a Nielsen survey done in 2021, 67% of customers globally actively monitor their body mass index, and 49% make nutritional choices to take action on health concerns. The refined functional carbohydrates are harnessed to devise low-sugar and low-calorie products, serving the needs of individuals striving to manage their weight.

The movement toward clean-label products, characterized by straightforward and easily recognizable ingredients, is gaining traction. Refined functional carbohydrates sourced from natural origins, like plant fibers, are in sync with this preference for unadulterated and healthful constituents. They offer consumers a more transparent and dependable option.

Escalating Prevalence of Chronic Health Conditions

Obesity stands as a prominent health concern, accompanied by an array of chronic conditions. Over the next 12 years, over four billion people, or 51% of the global population, will be obese or overweight, according to the World Obesity Federation's 2023 atlas. Refined functional carbohydrates enable the formulation of products with reduced sugar and calorie content, making them a sought-after choice for individuals actively seeking effective weight management solutions.

Diabetes is another prevalent chronic condition, with the effective regulation of blood sugar levels being of paramount importance. Refined functional carbohydrates play a crucial role in creating products that assist individuals in maintaining optimal blood sugar levels, thereby contributing to enhanced health outcomes for those living with diabetes and those at risk.

The refined functional carbohydrates market encompasses a diverse array of products, including functional foods and dietary supplements, specifically tailored to address chronic health conditions. These products frequently feature specialized ingredients known to have a positive impact on health, rendering them a pivotal component of a comprehensive strategy to manage these conditions.

High Production Expenses

The high production costs associated with refined functional carbohydrates present a substantial constraint in the market. The process of refining and isolating functional carbohydrates from their source materials, such as corn, wheat, or rice, can be resource-intensive and laborious. It often requires specialized equipment and technologies, contributing to significant capital expenditures.

Variability in raw material prices, attributed to factors like weather conditions and supply-demand dynamics, further impacts the cost structure for manufacturers. To maintain quality control and ensure the consistency of refined functional carbohydrates, extensive quality assurance measures are necessary, resulting in higher production costs. These elevated production expenses can translate into higher prices for products containing refined functional carbohydrates, potentially discouraging cost-conscious consumers and limiting the market's growth prospects.

Competition from Natural Substitutes

The presence of natural alternatives and consumers' inclination towards whole foods can pose a challenge to the refined functional carbohydrates market. Many consumers prioritize a "clean label" and favor naturally occurring dietary fibers and sugars found in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains over refined or processed ingredients.

This consumer preference has driven the rise of natural alternatives, such as psyllium husk, inulin derived from chicory root, and other naturally sourced fiber options. These alternatives often enjoy a more favorable perception, as they are considered less processed and closer to their natural state.

Manufacturers of refined functional carbohydrates must grapple with this competition from natural alternatives and may need to make investments in marketing and product positioning strategies to convey the distinct benefits of their products. The popularity of natural ingredients can curtail market expansion and necessitate innovation in both product development and marketing to appeal to and retain consumers.

Segment Analysis

The global refined functional carbohydrates market is segmented based on product, source, application and region.

Mannan Oligosaccharides (MOS) Fuel Surge in Refined functional Carbohydrates Market

The mannan oligosaccharides (mos) segment held 34.5% in the global market share. The refined functional carbohydrate known as Mannan Oligosaccharides (MOS) has emerged as a sought-after ingredient in the food and beverage industry, with a particular focus on animal nutrition and certain human dietary supplements.

MOS is acknowledged for its ability to promote digestive health. Functioning as a prebiotic, it selectively stimulates the growth and activity of beneficial gut microorganisms. This characteristic is highly valued in both animal and human nutrition. In the realm of animal feed, MOS is employed to enhance the gut microbiota of livestock, poultry, and companion animals, leading to improved digestion and nutrient absorption. In human supplements, MOS is promoted for its potential to nurture a balanced and healthy gut microbiome.

The global animal feed industry has experienced substantial growth driven by the increasing demand for high-quality animal products and rising meat consumption. MOS is integrated into animal nutrition to enhance the overall well-being and performance of animals. As consumers seek meat and dairy products with improved quality, the demand for MOS in animal feed has significantly risen.

For MOS market participants, the creation of new products and strategic alliances with customers are expected to be crucial success factors. In May 2002, in order to improve the operation of dogs' urinary tracts, Protexin Veterinary created CystoPro, a new pet care product containing MOS. This new launch is anticipated to encourage other pet care product manufacturers to add MOS to their product lineups to support urinary tract health.

Geographical Penetration

Adoption of Wholesome Foods in U.S.

The North America refined functional carbohydrates market held the largest market share of 40.3% in 2022 in the refined functional carbohydrates market analysis. The increase will result from the region's increased demand for animal protein. The average daily protein intake for Americans is 81 grams, 85% of which comes from animal sources. By 2032, the regional market industry will profit from increased public awareness of the advantages of RFC, including its ability to increase immunity and lower disease rates.

Consumers in North America are actively health-conscious and seek out products that offer health benefits. Refined functional carbohydrates, which encompass low-glycemic sweeteners and prebiotic fiber are in high demand due to their recognized ability to manage blood sugar levels, digestive health, and reduce calorie intake. These benefits strongly resonate with the region's health and wellness trends, fueling consumer preferences for products incorporating these ingredients.

North American consumers have displayed a growing preference for clean-label products. Refined functional carbohydrates can satisfy this preference as they are often derived from natural sources like corn or chicory root. They offer a clean and straightforward ingredient label, serving as a viable alternative to synthetic additives or high-sugar components. This aligns with the demand for more natural and wholesome food and beverage offerings.

Competitive Landscape

The major global players in the market include: Cargill, Inc., ADM, DuPont de Nemours, Inc., Ingredion Incorporated, Tate & Lyle PLC, Roquette Freres, Sudzucker AG, Beneo GmbH, Grain Processing Corporation, and Kerry Group plc.

COVID-19 Impact Analysis

The outbreak of COVID-19 caused significant disruptions in global supply chains, affecting the sourcing and transportation of raw materials essential for the production of refined functional carbohydrates. Lockdowns, trade restrictions, and workforce shortages in some regions resulted in challenges related to ingredient availability.

The pandemic triggered changes in consumer preferences, particularly a growing demand for healthier and functional foods. This shift provided opportunities for products incorporating refined functional carbohydrates, which are commonly used in low-sugar, high-fiber, and functional food applications. The health crisis heightened awareness about the importance of well-being and immune health.

Consequently, refined functional carbohydrates with recognized health benefits, such as prebiotics and soluble fibers, gained traction as consumers sought out products that supported their health goals. The pandemic led to an upsurge in demand for nutraceuticals, including dietary supplements containing refined functional carbohydrates. Consumers looked to bolster their immune systems, leading to a broader utilization of these ingredients in health and wellness products.

Russia-Ukraine War Impact Analysis

The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine could potentially disrupt the sourcing of agricultural raw materials, including corn and wheat, which serve as essential components in the production of certain refined functional carbohydrates. These countries are notable exporters of agricultural commodities, and any interruptions may affect ingredient availability and pricing.

The conflict has the potential to cause interruptions in transportation and logistics networks, which are critical for the movement of ingredients and finished products within and beyond the region. Such disruptions can impact the delivery of refined functional carbohydrates to manufacturers and consumers.

Geopolitical tensions and conflicts create an atmosphere of uncertainty in the global market. Companies may exhibit caution in making long-term investments or commitments in regions affected by the conflict, potentially influencing the overall market dynamics. Any disturbances in the agricultural supply chain arising from the conflict can introduce price volatility for raw materials utilized in refined functional carbohydrates. Manufacturers may need to adapt their pricing strategies and explore alternative sourcing options.

By Product

• Mannan Oligosaccharides
• Beta-glucan
• D-Mannose

By Source

• Corn
• Potato
• Rice
• Others

By Application

• Animal Nutrition
• Food and Beverages
• Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals

By Region

• North America
  • U.S.
  • Canada
  • Mexico

• Europe
  • Germany
  • UK
  • France
  • Italy
  • Russia
  • Rest of Europe

• South America
  • Brazil
  • Argentina
  • Rest of South America

• Asia-Pacific
  • China
  • India
  • Japan
  • Australia
  • Rest of Asia-Pacific

• Middle East and Africa

Key Developments

• In February 2022, the most prominent taste and nutrition firm, Kerry, announced two substantial biotechnology acquisitions that will increase its expertise, technological portfolio, and manufacturing capabilities, including refined functional carbohydrates. In addition to confirming that it has purchased the Mexican enzyme maker Enmex, the company has stated that it has marked an agreement to acquire the top biotechnology innovation company, c-LEcta.
• In May 2021, Cargill acquired Leman Decoration Group, a supplier of cake decorations and toppings for the bakery industry. While the focus of the acquisition was on bakery decorations, it also had implications for the refined functional carbohydrates market used in baking.
• In November 2020, Roquette, a key player in the refined functional carbohydrates market, invested in its pea processing plant in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba, Canada. This investment aimed to support the growing demand for plant-based protein and ingredients, including pea-based refined carbohydrates.

Why Purchase the Report?

• To visualize the global refined functional carbohydrates market segmentation based on product, source, application and region, as well as understand key commercial assets and players.
• Identify commercial opportunities by analyzing trends and co-development.
• Excel data sheet with numerous data points of refined functional carbohydrates market-level with all segments.
• The PDF report consists of a comprehensive analysis after exhaustive qualitative interviews and an in-depth study.
• Product mapping available as Excel consisting of key products of all the major players.

The global refined functional carbohydrates market report would provide approximately 61 tables, 58 figures and 202 Pages.

Target Audience 2023

• Manufacturers/ Buyers
• Industry Investors/Investment Bankers
• Research Professionals
• Emerging Companies

Table of Contents

1. Methodology and Scope

• 1.1. Research Methodology
• 1.2. Research Objective and Scope of the Report

2. Definition and Overview

3. Executive Summary

• 3.1. Snippet By Product
• 3.2. Snippet By Source
• 3.3. Snippet By Application
• 3.4. Snippet by Region

4. Dynamics

• 4.1. Impacting Factors
  • 4.1.1. Drivers
    • 4.1.1.1. Elevated Health and Wellness Awareness
    • 4.1.1.2. Escalating Prevalence of Chronic Health Conditions
  • 4.1.2. Restraints
    • 4.1.2.1. High Production Expenses
    • 4.1.2.2. Competition from Natural Substitutes
  • 4.1.3. Opportunity
  • 4.1.4. Impact Analysis

5. Industry Analysis

• 5.1. Porter's Five Force Analysis
• 5.2. Supply Chain Analysis
• 5.3. Pricing Analysis
• 5.4. Regulatory Analysis
• 5.5. Russia-Ukraine War Impact Analysis
• 5.6. DMI Opinion

6. COVID-19 Analysis

• 6.1. Analysis of COVID-19
  • 6.1.1. Scenario Before COVID
  • 6.1.2. Scenario During COVID
  • 6.1.3. Scenario Post COVID
• 6.2. Pricing Dynamics Amid COVID-19
• 6.3. Demand-Supply Spectrum
• 6.4. Government Initiatives Related to the Market During Pandemic
• 6.5. Manufacturers' Strategic Initiatives
• 6.6. Conclusion

7. By Product

• 7.1. Introduction
  • 7.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
  • 7.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Product
• 7.2. Mannan Oligosaccharides*
  • 7.2.1. Introduction
  • 7.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
• 7.3. Beta-glucan
• 7.4. D-Mannose

8. By Source

• 8.1. Introduction
  • 8.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Source
  • 8.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Source
• 8.2. Corn*
  • 8.2.1. Introduction
  • 8.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
• 8.3. Potato
• 8.4. Rice
• 8.5. Others

9. By Application

• 9.1. Introduction
  • 9.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Application
  • 9.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Application
• 9.2. Animal Nutrition*
  • 9.2.1. Introduction
  • 9.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
• 9.3. Food and Beverages
• 9.4. Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals

10. By Region

• 10.1. Introduction
  • 10.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Region
  • 10.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Region
• 10.2. North America
  • 10.2.1. Introduction
  • 10.2.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
  • 10.2.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
  • 10.2.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Source
  • 10.2.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Application
  • 10.2.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
    • 10.2.6.1. U.S.
    • 10.2.6.2. Canada
    • 10.2.6.3. Mexico
• 10.3. Europe
  • 10.3.1. Introduction
  • 10.3.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
  • 10.3.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
  • 10.3.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Source
  • 10.3.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Application
  • 10.3.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
    • 10.3.6.1. Germany
    • 10.3.6.2. UK
    • 10.3.6.3. France
    • 10.3.6.4. Italy
    • 10.3.6.5. Russia
    • 10.3.6.6. Rest of Europe
• 10.4. South America
  • 10.4.1. Introduction
  • 10.4.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
  • 10.4.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
  • 10.4.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Source
  • 10.4.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Application
  • 10.4.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
    • 10.4.6.1. Brazil
    • 10.4.6.2. Argentina
    • 10.4.6.3. Rest of South America
• 10.5. Asia-Pacific
  • 10.5.1. Introduction
  • 10.5.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
  • 10.5.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
  • 10.5.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Source
  • 10.5.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Application
  • 10.5.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
    • 10.5.6.1. China
    • 10.5.6.2. India
    • 10.5.6.3. Japan
    • 10.5.6.4. Australia
    • 10.5.6.5. Rest of Asia-Pacific
• 10.6. Middle East and Africa
  • 10.6.1. Introduction
  • 10.6.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
  • 10.6.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Product
  • 10.6.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Source
  • 10.6.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Application

11. Competitive Landscape

• 11.1. Competitive Scenario
• 11.2. Market Positioning/Share Analysis
• 11.3. Mergers and Acquisitions Analysis

12. Company Profiles

• 12.1. Cargill, Inc.
  • 12.1.1. Company Overview
  • 12.1.2. Product Portfolio and Description
  • 12.1.3. Financial Overview
  • 12.1.4. Key Developments
• 12.2. ADM
• 12.3. DuPont de Nemours, Inc.
• 12.4. Ingredion Incorporated
• 12.5. Tate & Lyle PLC
• 12.6. Roquette Freres
• 12.7. Sudzucker AG
• 12.8. Beneo GmbH
• 12.9. Grain Processing Corporation
• 12.10. Kerry Group plc

LIST NOT EXHAUSTIVE

13. Appendix

• 13.1. About Us and Services
• 13.2. Contact Us