銅管市場 - 世界の産業規模、シェア、動向、機会、予測：種類別、製品形態別、用途別、地域別、競合別、2020年～2030年

銅管市場は2024年には50億6,000万米ドルとなり、2030年には67億1,000万米ドルに達すると予測され、CAGRは4.67%です。

銅管市場とは、建設、HVAC（暖房、換気、空調）、冷蔵、配管、工業製造、自動車、再生可能エネルギーシステムなど、幅広い分野で使われる銅ベースの配管システムの生産、流通、応用に関わる世界の業界のことです。これらのパイプやチューブは、その優れた熱伝導性、電気伝導性、耐食性、強度、成形性、長寿命が評価されています。一般的に、円形、正方形、長方形などさまざまな形状、軟質または硬質の材質のものがあり、銅管は流体処理や熱交換の用途において、構造的および機能的な役割を果たします。

住宅や商業建築の分野では、銅管はその抗菌性と施工のしやすさから、飲料水の配水管、排水管、ガス管に広く使われています。HVACや冷凍システムでは、銅の高い伝導性が熱伝導の理想的な媒体となり、システムの効率に欠かせません。さらにグリーンビルディングの基準が拡大し、エネルギー効率が重視されるようになったことで、他の素材よりも銅が好まれるようになりました。工業や自動車の分野では、銅管は油圧ライン、燃料システム、熱交換器などで重要な役割を果たし、電気自動車や再生可能エネルギー技術への注目が高まるにつれ、新時代のエネルギー貯蔵や配電システムでの銅管の役割はさらに拡大しています。

主な市場促進要因

HVACおよび冷凍セクターからの需要増加

主な市場課題

原材料価格の変動とサプライチェーンの混乱

主要市場動向

HVACおよび冷凍システムからの需要増加

目次

第1章 概要

第2章 調査手法

第3章 エグゼクティブサマリー

第4章 顧客の声

第5章 世界の銅管市場展望

• 市場規模・予測
  • 金額別
• 市場シェア・予測
  • 種類別（シームレス銅管、溶接銅管）
  • 製品形態別（直管、コイル管、LWC（レベルワウンドコイル）、パンケーキコイル）
  • 用途別（HVAC（暖房、換気、空調）、配管、冷凍、熱交換器、医療ガスシステム、燃料およびオイルライン）
  • 地域別
• 企業別（2024）
• 市場マップ

第6章 北米の銅管市場展望

• 市場規模・予測
• 市場シェア・予測
• 北米：国別分析
  • 米国
  • カナダ
  • メキシコ

第7章 欧州の銅管市場展望

• 市場規模・予測
• 市場シェア・予測
• 欧州：国別分析
  • ドイツ
  • 英国
  • イタリア
  • フランス
  • スペイン

第8章 アジア太平洋地域の銅管市場展望

• 市場規模・予測
• 市場シェア・予測
• アジア太平洋地域：国別分析
  • 中国
  • インド
  • 日本
  • 韓国
  • オーストラリア

第9章 南米の銅管市場展望

• 市場規模・予測
• 市場シェア・予測
• 南米：国別分析
  • ブラジル
  • アルゼンチン
  • コロンビア

第10章 中東・アフリカの銅管市場展望

• 市場規模・予測
• 市場シェア・予測
• 中東・アフリカ：国別分析
  • 南アフリカ
  • サウジアラビア
  • アラブ首長国連邦
  • クウェート
  • トルコ

第11章 市場力学

• 促進要因
• 課題

第12章 市場動向と発展

• 合併と買収
• 製品上市
• 最近の動向

第13章 企業プロファイル

• Aurubis AG
• Cerro Flow Products LLC
• Daechu Industrial Co. Ltd.
• ELVALHALCOR Hellenic Copper and Aluminium Industry SA
• FURUKAWA Co. Ltd.
• KME Germany GmbH & Co. KG
• Kobe Steel Ltd.
• MetTube Sdn Bhd
• Mitsubishi Materials Corp.
• Mueller Industries Inc.

第14章 戦略的提言

第15章 調査会社について・免責事項

The Copper Pipes And Tubes Market was valued at USD 5.06 Billion in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 6.71 Billion by 2030 with a CAGR of 4.67%. The copper pipes and tubes market refers to the global industry involved in the production, distribution, and application of copper-based piping systems used across a broad range of sectors, including construction, HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning), refrigeration, plumbing, industrial manufacturing, automotive, and renewable energy systems. These pipes and tubes are valued for their excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, strength, formability, and long service life. Typically available in various shapes such as round, square, and rectangular, and in soft or hard tempers, copper pipes and tubes serve both structural and functional roles in fluid handling and heat exchange applications.

In the residential and commercial building sectors, copper tubing is widely used for potable water distribution, drainage systems, and gas lines due to its anti-bacterial properties and ease of installation. In HVAC and refrigeration systems, the high conductivity of copper makes it an ideal medium for heat transfer, which is essential for system efficiency. Furthermore, the expansion of green building standards and increased emphasis on energy efficiency have led to a growing preference for copper over alternative materials. In the industrial and automotive sectors, copper tubing plays a key role in hydraulic lines, fuel systems, and heat exchangers, while the growing focus on electric vehicles and renewable energy technologies has further expanded its relevance in new-age energy storage and distribution systems.

Key Market Drivers

Rising Demand from HVAC and Refrigeration Sector

The accelerating global demand for heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVAC&R) systems is a major driver for the copper pipes and tubes market, especially with the rapid urbanization, commercial development, and global climate shifts necessitating reliable indoor air quality and thermal management solutions. Copper pipes and tubes serve as essential components in HVAC&R systems due to their excellent thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and formability, making them indispensable in efficient heat exchange and refrigerant transport. With rising temperatures and growing emphasis on energy-efficient cooling, both residential and commercial sectors are increasingly adopting advanced air conditioning units that rely on copper piping for effective system performance.

Additionally, government incentives for energy-efficient infrastructure and the renovation of old buildings are prompting the replacement of outdated HVAC systems with modern, copper-based alternatives. As demand surges in rapidly urbanizing regions such as Asia-Pacific, particularly in countries like India and China, where construction of malls, hospitals, airports, and smart cities is underway, the market for copper tubes is experiencing robust growth. Moreover, the ongoing push for environmentally sustainable HVAC solutions further boosts the demand for copper, given its recyclability and minimal environmental footprint. In the refrigeration sector, the global rise in food and pharmaceutical cold storage facilities, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, has led to heightened investments in reliable cooling systems, where copper tubes continue to play a vital role.

Additionally, the growing adoption of inverter-based air conditioners and heat pump technologies globally has reinforced the reliance on high-quality copper tubing to ensure performance efficiency and system longevity. All these factors contribute to a consistent increase in the consumption of copper pipes and tubes, establishing HVAC&R as one of the most critical application verticals driving the global market. Global investments in power transmission and distribution infrastructure are expected to exceed USD 400 billion annually over the next few years. More than 70 million kilometers of transmission and distribution lines are projected to be upgraded or newly installed by 2040. Over 60% of global T&D infrastructure is over 25 years old, driving urgent modernization needs. Developing nations are set to account for over 50% of new grid expansion projects by 2030. Smart grid technologies are expected to penetrate over 80% of global utility networks by 2035. The integration of renewable energy sources is projected to drive over USD 200 billion in grid digitalization and automation upgrades by 2030. Asia-Pacific and North America are leading with over 300 GW of planned transmission capacity additions within the next decade.

Key Market Challenges

Volatility in Raw Material Prices and Supply Chain Disruptions

One of the most significant challenges facing the copper pipes and tubes market is the persistent volatility in raw material prices, particularly copper itself, which is a globally traded commodity subject to fluctuations due to macroeconomic trends, geopolitical tensions, trade policies, and currency shifts. The copper market is highly sensitive to global demand from key sectors like construction, electronics, power infrastructure, and automotive, which means any economic instability or downturn in these industries can trigger substantial changes in copper prices. For manufacturers, this poses a risk to cost planning, profit margins, and contract pricing, especially in long-term agreements.

The unpredictability of copper prices complicates inventory management and often leads to speculative buying or stockpiling, further destabilizing the supply chain. In addition to price fluctuations, the supply chain for copper is also impacted by mining-related disruptions, environmental regulations, labor strikes in major producing countries, and logistics constraints, particularly in the wake of global events such as pandemics, port congestion, and transportation bottlenecks. Many copper tube manufacturers depend on international suppliers for high-grade copper cathodes or refined copper, so any disruption in upstream processes can have a ripple effect downstream, causing production delays or increased operational costs.

Furthermore, the transition toward low-carbon and sustainable mining practices may increase the cost of copper production over time, adding pressure on pricing. Manufacturers are often forced to pass these rising costs onto consumers, which can reduce competitiveness against alternative piping materials like PEX, PVC, or aluminum. In price-sensitive markets, such increases may even lead to substitution or project delays. These cost pressures also reduce the flexibility of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to compete effectively, especially when larger firms can leverage economies of scale or hedge against market volatility. Additionally, currency fluctuations between major copper-producing countries and consuming regions introduce another layer of pricing complexity.

The unpredictability of copper pricing, coupled with growing concerns about global supply chain resilience, is prompting many stakeholders to reassess sourcing strategies, invest in recycling infrastructure, or seek local alternatives. However, such adaptations take time and resources, which adds to the operational burden in an already competitive environment. As a result, the industry continues to face high exposure to raw material risks, and unless long-term solutions such as localized supply chains, greater transparency in commodity trading, or price stabilization mechanisms are implemented, the volatility in copper prices will remain a key hurdle for the sustainable growth of the copper pipes and tubes market across residential, commercial, and industrial applications.

Key Market Trends

Rising Demand from HVAC and Refrigeration Systems

The global copper pipes and tubes market is experiencing a significant surge in demand, particularly from the heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC), and refrigeration sectors. As residential, commercial, and industrial infrastructures expand rapidly across both developed and emerging economies, the need for efficient temperature control systems has increased exponentially. Copper's superior thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and durability make it the preferred material for manufacturers of HVAC and refrigeration units. Additionally, with rising global temperatures and the push for more energy-efficient cooling systems, copper components are being widely adopted to meet performance and sustainability standards.

Urbanization is further accelerating the adoption of centralized and split AC systems in high-rise buildings, malls, offices, and industrial zones, thereby fueling the demand for copper tubing. Moreover, with the phasing out of older, less efficient HVAC technologies and the adoption of more advanced refrigerants compatible with copper components, market opportunities are growing. Developing countries, particularly in Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Africa, are witnessing a surge in real estate and infrastructure development, accompanied by government-led energy-efficiency mandates, creating a favorable environment for copper tube installations. Furthermore, the increasing frequency of extreme weather conditions, such as heatwaves, is compelling both governments and private institutions to invest in robust and long-lasting cooling infrastructure, wherein copper continues to play a dominant role.

The market is also benefiting from the replacement demand for old HVAC units, especially in North America and Europe, where millions of aging systems are being retrofitted or replaced with energy-efficient alternatives utilizing copper tubing. Manufacturers are investing in advanced production processes to improve tube quality, reduce weight, and offer new shapes such as microgroove tubes, which enhance heat exchange and reduce energy consumption. These innovations are increasingly becoming industry standards and reinforcing the use of copper as a central element in HVAC designs. All these factors collectively point to a strong, long-term growth trajectory for copper pipes and tubes within this segment, making it one of the most significant trends shaping the global market.

Key Market Players

• Aurubis AG
• Cerro Flow Products LLC
• Daechu Industrial Co. Ltd.
• ELVALHALCOR Hellenic Copper and Aluminium Industry SA
• FURUKAWA Co. Ltd.
• KME Germany GmbH & Co. KG
• Kobe Steel Ltd.
• MetTube Sdn Bhd
• Mitsubishi Materials Corp.
• Mueller Industries Inc.

Report Scope:

In this report, the Global Copper Pipes And Tubes Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

Copper Pipes And Tubes Market, By Type:

• Seamless Copper Pipes & Tubes
• Welded Copper Pipes & Tubes

Copper Pipes And Tubes Market, By Product Form:

• Straight Length Tubes
• Coiled Tubes
• LWC (Level Wound Coils)
• Pan Cake Coils

Copper Pipes And Tubes Market, By Application:

• HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning)
• Plumbing
• Refrigeration
• Heat Exchangers
• Medical Gas Systems
• Fuel & Oil Lines

Copper Pipes And Tubes Market, By Region:

• North America
  • United States
  • Canada
  • Mexico
• Europe
  • France
  • United Kingdom
  • Italy
  • Germany
  • Spain
• Asia-Pacific
  • China
  • India
  • Japan
  • Australia
  • South Korea
• South America
  • Brazil
  • Argentina
  • Colombia
• Middle East & Africa
  • South Africa
  • Saudi Arabia
  • UAE
  • Kuwait
  • Turkey

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies presents in the Global Copper Pipes And Tubes Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Copper Pipes And Tubes Market report with the given Market data, Tech Sci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information

• Detailed analysis and profiling of additional Market players (up to five).

Table of Contents

1. Product Overview

• 1.1. Market Definition
• 1.2. Scope of the Market
  • 1.2.1. Markets Covered
  • 1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
• 1.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. Research Methodology

• 2.1. Objective of the Study
• 2.2. Baseline Methodology
• 2.3. Formulation of the Scope
• 2.4. Assumptions and Limitations
• 2.5. Sources of Research
  • 2.5.1. Secondary Research
  • 2.5.2. Primary Research
• 2.6. Approach for the Market Study
  • 2.6.1. The Bottom-Up Approach
  • 2.6.2. The Top-Down Approach
• 2.7. Methodology Followed for Calculation of Market Size & Market Shares
• 2.8. Forecasting Methodology
  • 2.8.1. Data Triangulation & Validation

3. Executive Summary

• 3.1. Overview of the Market
• 3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
• 3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
• 3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
• 3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, and Trends

4. Voice of Customer

5. Global Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook

• 5.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 5.1.1. By Value
• 5.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 5.2.1. By Type (Seamless Copper Pipes & Tubes, Welded Copper Pipes & Tubes)
  • 5.2.2. By Product Form (Straight Length Tubes, Coiled Tubes, LWC (Level Wound Coils), Pan Cake Coils)
  • 5.2.3. By Application (HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning), Plumbing, Refrigeration, Heat Exchangers, Medical Gas Systems, Fuel & Oil Lines)
  • 5.2.4. By Region
• 5.3. By Company (2024)
• 5.4. Market Map

6. North America Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook

• 6.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 6.1.1. By Value
• 6.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 6.2.1. By Type
  • 6.2.2. By Product Form
  • 6.2.3. By Application
  • 6.2.4. By Country
• 6.3. North America: Country Analysis
  • 6.3.1. United States Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 6.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 6.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 6.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 6.3.1.2.1. By Type
      • 6.3.1.2.2. By Product Form
      • 6.3.1.2.3. By Application
  • 6.3.2. Canada Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 6.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 6.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 6.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 6.3.2.2.1. By Type
      • 6.3.2.2.2. By Product Form
      • 6.3.2.2.3. By Application
  • 6.3.3. Mexico Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 6.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 6.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 6.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 6.3.3.2.1. By Type
      • 6.3.3.2.2. By Product Form
      • 6.3.3.2.3. By Application

7. Europe Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook

• 7.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 7.1.1. By Value
• 7.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 7.2.1. By Type
  • 7.2.2. By Product Form
  • 7.2.3. By Application
  • 7.2.4. By Country
• 7.3. Europe: Country Analysis
  • 7.3.1. Germany Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.1.2.1. By Type
      • 7.3.1.2.2. By Product Form
      • 7.3.1.2.3. By Application
  • 7.3.2. United Kingdom Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.2.2.1. By Type
      • 7.3.2.2.2. By Product Form
      • 7.3.2.2.3. By Application
  • 7.3.3. Italy Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.3.2.1. By Type
      • 7.3.3.2.2. By Product Form
      • 7.3.3.2.3. By Application
  • 7.3.4. France Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.4.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.4.2.1. By Type
      • 7.3.4.2.2. By Product Form
      • 7.3.4.2.3. By Application
  • 7.3.5. Spain Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.5.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.5.2.1. By Type
      • 7.3.5.2.2. By Product Form
      • 7.3.5.2.3. By Application

8. Asia-Pacific Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook

• 8.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 8.1.1. By Value
• 8.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 8.2.1. By Type
  • 8.2.2. By Product Form
  • 8.2.3. By Application
  • 8.2.4. By Country
• 8.3. Asia-Pacific: Country Analysis
  • 8.3.1. China Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.1.2.1. By Type
      • 8.3.1.2.2. By Product Form
      • 8.3.1.2.3. By Application
  • 8.3.2. India Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.2.2.1. By Type
      • 8.3.2.2.2. By Product Form
      • 8.3.2.2.3. By Application
  • 8.3.3. Japan Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.3.2.1. By Type
      • 8.3.3.2.2. By Product Form
      • 8.3.3.2.3. By Application
  • 8.3.4. South Korea Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 8.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.4.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.4.2.1. By Type
      • 8.3.4.2.2. By Product Form
      • 8.3.4.2.3. By Application
  • 8.3.5. Australia Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 8.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.5.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.5.2.1. By Type
      • 8.3.5.2.2. By Product Form
      • 8.3.5.2.3. By Application

9. South America Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook

• 9.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 9.1.1. By Value
• 9.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 9.2.1. By Type
  • 9.2.2. By Product Form
  • 9.2.3. By Application
  • 9.2.4. By Country
• 9.3. South America: Country Analysis
  • 9.3.1. Brazil Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 9.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 9.3.1.2.1. By Type
      • 9.3.1.2.2. By Product Form
      • 9.3.1.2.3. By Application
  • 9.3.2. Argentina Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 9.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 9.3.2.2.1. By Type
      • 9.3.2.2.2. By Product Form
      • 9.3.2.2.3. By Application
  • 9.3.3. Colombia Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 9.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 9.3.3.2.1. By Type
      • 9.3.3.2.2. By Product Form
      • 9.3.3.2.3. By Application

10. Middle East and Africa Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook

• 10.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 10.1.1. By Value
• 10.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 10.2.1. By Type
  • 10.2.2. By Product Form
  • 10.2.3. By Application
  • 10.2.4. By Country
• 10.3. Middle East and Africa: Country Analysis
  • 10.3.1. South Africa Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 10.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 10.3.1.2.1. By Type
      • 10.3.1.2.2. By Product Form
      • 10.3.1.2.3. By Application
  • 10.3.2. Saudi Arabia Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 10.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 10.3.2.2.1. By Type
      • 10.3.2.2.2. By Product Form
      • 10.3.2.2.3. By Application
  • 10.3.3. UAE Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 10.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 10.3.3.2.1. By Type
      • 10.3.3.2.2. By Product Form
      • 10.3.3.2.3. By Application
  • 10.3.4. Kuwait Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 10.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 10.3.4.1.1. By Value
    • 10.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 10.3.4.2.1. By Type
      • 10.3.4.2.2. By Product Form
      • 10.3.4.2.3. By Application
  • 10.3.5. Turkey Copper Pipes And Tubes Market Outlook
    • 10.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 10.3.5.1.1. By Value
    • 10.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 10.3.5.2.1. By Type
      • 10.3.5.2.2. By Product Form
      • 10.3.5.2.3. By Application

11. Market Dynamics

• 11.1. Drivers
• 11.2. Challenges

12. Market Trends & Developments

• 12.1. Merger & Acquisition (If Any)
• 12.2. Product Launches (If Any)
• 12.3. Recent Developments

13. Company Profiles

• 13.1. Aurubis AG
  • 13.1.1. Business Overview
  • 13.1.2. Key Revenue and Financials
  • 13.1.3. Recent Developments
  • 13.1.4. Key Personnel/Key Contact Person
  • 13.1.5. Key Product/Services Offered
• 13.2. Cerro Flow Products LLC
• 13.3. Daechu Industrial Co. Ltd.
• 13.4. ELVALHALCOR Hellenic Copper and Aluminium Industry SA
• 13.5. FURUKAWA Co. Ltd.
• 13.6. KME Germany GmbH & Co. KG
• 13.7. Kobe Steel Ltd.
• 13.8. MetTube Sdn Bhd
• 13.9. Mitsubishi Materials Corp.
• 13.10. Mueller Industries Inc.

14. Strategic Recommendations

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