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市場調査レポート
商品コード
1700036
尿素市場の2032年までの予測:製品タイプ、グレード、作物タイプ、特殊タイプ、技術、用途、エンドユーザー、地域別の世界分析Urea Market Forecasts to 2032 - Global Analysis By Product Type, Grade, Crop Type, Specialty Type, Technology, Application, End User and By Geography |
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尿素市場の2032年までの予測:製品タイプ、グレード、作物タイプ、特殊タイプ、技術、用途、エンドユーザー、地域別の世界分析 |
出版日: 2025年04月03日
発行: Stratistics Market Research Consulting
ページ情報: 英文 200+ Pages
納期: 2~3営業日
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Stratistics MRCによると、世界の尿素市場は2025年に1,455億米ドルを占め、2032年には1,940億7,000万米ドルに達すると予測され、予測期間中のCAGRは4.2%です。
尿素の別名であるカルバミドは、窒素を豊富に含む有機化合物で、化学式はCO(NH2)2です。世界の肥料産業は、土壌肥沃度を向上させ、農業生産高を増加させるために、カルバミドに大きく依存しています。ハーバーボッシュ法では、アンモニアと二酸化炭素が高温高圧で反応し、溶解性の高い物質である尿素が生成されます。尿素は農業で広く使用されているが、接着剤、樹脂、医薬品の製造などの工業プロセスにも不可欠です。また、自動車の選択触媒還元(SCR)システムで窒素酸化物の排出を低減することにより、環境の持続可能性を向上させる。
国際肥料協会の中期肥料見通し2024-2028年によると、2023年の世界の尿素生産量は1億9,550万トンに達し、2022年比で6%増加しました。
農業における肥料需要の増加
高い窒素含有量と手頃な価格から、尿素は世界で最も普及している窒素肥料です。2050年までに地球上の人口は97億人になると予想されており、食糧需要が増大し、農業生産高が圧迫されることになります。尿素のような窒素肥料を使って土壌肥沃度を向上させ、作物の収量を増やす高収量農法は、農家の間でますます普及しています。さらに、持続可能な農法や精密農業の利用は、肥料の放出制御を促進し、生産性を高め、窒素損失を減らしています。
エネルギーと原材料の価格変動
ハーバーボッシュ法におけるアンモニア合成の主原料である天然ガスと石炭は、尿素の生産に不可欠です。尿素の生産コストは、世界のエネルギー価格の変動を引き起こす政府政策の変更、サプライチェーンの中断、地政学的緊張によって大きな影響を受ける。北米や欧州の天然ガス価格の上昇により、肥料メーカーが減産や値上げを余儀なくされた結果、尿素はエンドユーザーにとって手の届きにくいものになっています。さらに、環境規制や原料供給の不安定さが、中国やインドにおける石炭からの尿素生産に影響を与えています。
グリーン尿素とバイオベース尿素生産の成長
持続可能性とカーボンニュートラルな肥料生産を目指す動きの結果、再生可能資源からのグリーン尿素が入手しやすくなっています。従来の尿素生産は、主に化石燃料、特に石炭と天然ガスに依存しているため、炭素集約的なプロセスです。低排出尿素生産は、炭素回収、電気化学的窒素固定、グリーンアンモニア生産の開発によって可能になりつつあります。従来の技術よりも環境に優しい選択肢として、多くの企業が水素ベースのアンモニア合成に投資しています。さらに、規制機関の炭素価格設定と排出削減目標の厳格化によって、持続可能な尿素生産への需要が高まった結果、新たな市場のニッチ化が予想されます。
持続可能性と環境規制の課題
尿素市場は、窒素肥料が環境に与える影響に対する懸念の高まりによって深刻な脅威にさらされています。尿素系肥料の過剰使用は温室効果ガスの排出を引き起こし、特に亜酸化窒素(N2O)はCO2の約300倍もの地球温暖化の可能性があり、窒素の溶出や地下水の汚染も引き起こします。さらに、肥料の使用、硝酸汚染、アンモニアの排出を規制する法律が世界的に強化されているため、生産者や農家は、放出制御型製剤、有機肥料、バイオ肥料などの持続可能な代替品への切り替えを余儀なくされています。
COVID-19の大流行は尿素市場にさまざまな影響を与え、世界のサプライチェーンを混乱させると同時に、需要の変動を促進しました。尿素の生産と流通は、労働力不足、輸送のボトルネック、封鎖と移動制限による原料不足の影響を受けた。中国、インド、ロシアなどの主要な尿素生産国は物流の後退に見舞われ、港湾の混雑と輸出制限は国際貿易をさらに妨げました。その結果、農業セクターでは、継続的な農業経営と政府補助金により尿素需要は安定または増加したが、工業セクターでは、化学、自動車、建築セクターの減速により需要が減少しました。
粒状尿素セグメントは予測期間中最大となる見込み
粒状尿素セグメントは、主に窒素含有量の増加、優れたハンドリング品質、より安定した貯蔵により、予測期間中最大の市場シェアを占めると予想されます。粒径が大きく、粉塵の発生を防ぎ、均一な散布が保証されるため、大規模農業、特に広域農業や機械化施肥で広く使用されています。粒状尿素は溶解速度が遅いため土壌施肥に効果的で、窒素の損失を減らし、作物の取り込みを促進します。さらに、精密農業や制御放出肥料への投資の高まりにより、粒状尿素は現代の農法においても必要性が高まっています。
予測期間中、飼料グレードのCAGRが最も高くなると予想されます。
予測期間中、非タンパク質窒素(NPN)の供給源として動物飼料での利用が増加していることから、飼料グレード・セグメントが最も高い成長率を示すと予測されます。酪農および畜産業界におけるその使用は、特に牧畜が増加している新興経済圏において、高タンパク質飼料と手頃な価格の動物栄養ソリューションへの需要が高まっていることが背景にあります。さらに、飼料用尿素はルーメンの微生物活性を高め、消化と飼料効率を全体的に改善するため、魚粉や大豆粕のような高価なタンパク質源の代用品として望ましいです。また、持続可能な畜産、酪農産業に対する政府の支援、世界の食肉消費量の増加も、尿素市場の拡大を後押ししています。
予測期間中、アジア太平洋地域は、人口の多さ、農業活動の活発さ、肥料使用に対する政府の強力な支援によって、最大の市場シェアを占めると予想されます。広大な農業部門と食糧需要の増加により、中国、インド、インドネシアなどの国々は重要な消費国となっています。インドは主に輸入に頼っているが、政府のプログラムや肥料補助金も後押ししており、世界最大の尿素生産国である中国は、国内消費と国際輸出の両方で重要な役割を果たしています。さらに、この地域の優位性は、化学薬品、接着剤、樹脂のような工業用途の需要増加によって強化されています。
予測期間中、中東・アフリカ地域は、産業用途の拡大、肥料需要の増加、農業投資の増加に牽引され、最も高いCAGRを示すと予測されます。尿素合成に不可欠な原料である天然ガスの埋蔵量は、サウジアラビア、アラブ首長国連邦、エジプトなどの国々が尿素生産能力を迅速に増強するために利用しています。農業分野への政府プログラムと外国投資の助けもあり、アフリカでは食糧安全保障とより良い農法が重視されるようになり、尿素の消費も加速しています。さらに、アジアや欧州への輸出が増加した結果、この地域は世界市場の主要企業になりつつあります。
Note: Tables for North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and Middle East & Africa Regions are also represented in the same manner as above.
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Urea Market is accounted for $145.50 billion in 2025 and is expected to reach $194.07 billion by 2032 growing at a CAGR of 4.2% during the forecast period. Carbamide, another name for urea, is an organic compound that is rich in nitrogen and has the chemical formula CO (NH2)2. The global fertilizer industry relies heavily on it to improve soil fertility and increase agricultural output. Through the Haber-Bosch process, ammonia and carbon dioxide react at high temperatures and pressures to produce urea, a highly soluble substance. Urea is used extensively in agriculture, but it is also essential for industrial processes like making adhesives, resins, and medications. It also improves environmental sustainability by lowering nitrogen oxide emissions in automobile selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems.
According to the International Fertilizer Association's Medium-Term Fertilizer Outlook 2024-2028, global urea production reached 195.5 million metric tons in 2023, marking a 6% increase compared to 2022.
Increasing fertilizer demand in agriculture
Due to its high nitrogen content and affordability, urea is the most popular nitrogen-based fertilizer in the world. By 2050, it is anticipated that there will be 9.7 billion people on the planet, which will increase demand for food and strain agricultural output. High-yield farming methods, which use nitrogen fertilizers like urea to improve soil fertility and increase crop yields, are becoming more and more popular among farmers. Additionally, the use of sustainable agricultural methods and precision farming is promoting the controlled release of fertilizers, increasing productivity, and lowering nitrogen losses.
Price fluctuations for energy and raw materials
Natural gas and coal, the main raw materials for ammonia synthesis in the Haber-Bosch process, are crucial to the production of urea. The cost of producing urea is greatly impacted by changes in government policies, supply chain interruptions, and geopolitical tensions that cause fluctuations in global energy prices. Urea has become less affordable for end users as a result of fertilizer manufacturers being forced to reduce production or raise prices due to rising natural gas prices in North America and Europe. Furthermore, environmental regulations and the unpredictability of raw material supplies affect the production of urea from coal in China and India.
Growth in green and bio-based urea production
Green urea from renewable sources is becoming more accessible as a result of the drive toward sustainability and carbon-neutral fertilizer production. Conventional urea production is a carbon-intensive process since it mainly depends on fossil fuels, especially coal and natural gas. Low-emission urea production is being made possible by developments in carbon capture, electrochemical nitrogen fixation, and green ammonia production. As a more environmentally friendly option to traditional techniques, a number of businesses are investing in hydrogen-based ammonia synthesis. Moreover, a new market niche is anticipated as a result of the increased demand for sustainable urea production brought about by regulatory bodies' stricter carbon pricing and emission reduction targets.
Challenges of sustainability and environmental regulations
The market for urea is seriously threatened by growing worries about the effects of nitrogen fertilizers on the environment. Overuse of urea-based fertilizers causes greenhouse gas emissions, especially nitrous oxide (N2O), which has a potential for global warming that is almost 300 times greater than that of CO2, as well as nitrogen leaching and groundwater contamination. Additionally, stricter laws governing fertilizer use, nitrate pollution, and ammonia emissions are being enforced globally, compelling producers and farmers to switch to sustainable substitutes like controlled-release formulations, organic fertilizers, and bio-fertilizers.
The COVID-19 pandemic had a mixed impact on the urea market, disrupting global supply chains while simultaneously driving demand fluctuations. The production and distribution of urea were impacted by labor shortages, transportation bottlenecks, and shortages of raw materials brought on by lockdowns and movement restrictions. Major urea-producing countries such as China, India, and Russia experienced logistical setbacks, and port congestion and export restrictions further hampered international trade. Consequently, the agricultural sector saw stable or rising demand for urea due to ongoing farming operations and government subsidies, while the industrial sector saw a decline in demand due to slowdowns in the chemical, automotive, and building sectors.
The Granular Urea segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period
The Granular Urea segment is expected to account for the largest market share during the forecast period, mainly because of its increased nitrogen content, better handling qualities, and more stable storage. Because of its larger particle size, which prevents dust formation and guarantees even spreading, it is widely used in large-scale agriculture, particularly in broad-acre farming and mechanized fertilizer application. Granular urea is more effective for soil application because of its slow rate of dissolution, which reduces nitrogen loss and enhances crop uptake. Moreover, granular urea is also becoming more and more necessary in contemporary farming methods due to rising investments in precision agriculture and controlled-release fertilizers.
The Feed Grade segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period
Over the forecast period, the Feed Grade segment is predicted to witness the highest growth rate, driven by its growing use in animal feed as a source of non-protein nitrogen (NPN). Its use in the dairy and livestock industries has been driven by the growing demand for high-protein diets and affordable animal nutrition solutions, especially in emerging economies where cattle farming is growing. Additionally, feed-grade urea is a desirable substitute for pricey protein sources like fish meal and soybean meal because it increases rumen microbial activity, which improves digestion and feed efficiency overall. Its market expansion is also being driven by the increased emphasis on sustainable livestock production, government assistance for the dairy industry, and rising meat consumption globally.
During the forecast period, the Asia Pacific region is expected to hold the largest market share, driven by a large population, a high level of agricultural activity, and robust government support for fertilizer use. Because of their vast agricultural sectors and rising food demand, nations like China, India, and Indonesia are significant consumers. While India mainly depends on imports to meet its agricultural needs, aided by government programs and fertilizer subsidies, China, the world's largest producer of urea, plays a significant role in both domestic consumption and international exports. Furthermore, the region's dominance is reinforced by the growing demand for industrial applications like chemicals, adhesives, and resins.
Over the forecast period, the Middle East & Africa region is anticipated to exhibit the highest CAGR, driven by growing industrial applications, rising fertilizer demand, and rising agricultural investments. A vital raw material for urea synthesis, natural gas reserves are being used by nations like Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Egypt to quickly increase their urea production capacity. With the help of government programs and foreign investments in the agricultural sector, Africa's increased emphasis on food security and better farming practices is also speeding up the consumption of urea. Moreover, the region is becoming a major player in the global market as a result of its increasing exports to Asia and Europe.
Key players in the market
Some of the key players in Urea market include CF Industries Holdings, Inc., Qatar Fertilizer Company, Yara International ASA, SABIC, OCI N.V, EuroChem Group, Acron Group, Gujarat State Fertilizers & Chemicals Ltd, Chambal Fertilizers & Chemicals Ltd, Koch Fertilizer LLC, Nutrien AG, BASF SE, Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Ltd, Mangalore Chemicals & Fertilizers Ltd and Coromandel International Limited.
In September 2024, SABIC has announced a significant move in its strategic realignment with the signing of an agreement to sell its 20.62% stake in Aluminum Bahrain (Alba) to Saudi Arabian Mining Company (Ma'aden). The transaction, which is valued between BHD 363 million and BHD 398 million (equivalent to SAR 3,624 million to SAR 3,974 million), is set to proceed pending regulatory approvals from authorities in both Saudi Arabia and Bahrain.
In July 2024, Yara and Atome sign Heads of Terms for offtake from Atome's renewable CAN project in Villeta, Paraguay. The deal between Atome and Yara covers the long-term supply of all of the Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) from Atome's renewable production facility in Villeta, Paraguay. The 145 MW fertilizer project will produce and export fertilizers derived from baseload renewable power from 2027.
In May 2024, EuroChem has signed an agreement with China National Chemical Engineering Co. (CNCEC) for the design, construction and commissioning of a chemical complex in Janatas, Jambyl Region, Kazakhstan. CNCEC is a global provider of industrial engineering technologies with 70 years of experience in constructing petrochemical facilities.