自動車用アクチュエーターの世界市場：市場規模・シェア分析 - 動向、促進要因、競合情勢、予測 (2024年～2030年)

市場概要

世界の自動車用アクチュエーター市場は、2023年に210億米ドルの収益を上げ、2024～2030年のCAGRは5.2%で、2030年には296億米ドルに達すると予測されています。

この市場の成長に影響を与える要因には、車両の自動化、技術需要の増加、消費者からの柔軟性の要求などがあります。

主な洞察

大型車の需要増加により、油圧カテゴリーが自動車用アクチュエーター市場の売上シェアをリードしています。

電動アクチュエーターは、2024～2030年のCAGRが約5.5%に達し、最も高く成長すると予測されています。電動アクチュエーターの成長は、車内の快適性、高度な機能、電気自動車に対する需要の増加が原動力となっています。

スロットルアクチュエーターは、2023年に約55%の最大市場シェアを占めました。

車種別の市場シェアは、2023年には乗用車が約70%を占めています。需要増と生産増、技術進歩がこのカテゴリーの成長を牽引しました。

商用車は、工業化の進展と効率向上のための先進技術への需要により、より速い成長が見込まれています。

リニアアクチュエーターのカテゴリーは、その正確な制御、コンパクトな設計、車両における汎用性により、収益シェアで業界を支配しています。

アジア太平洋は自動車用アクチュエーターの最大かつ最速の成長市場であり、2024～2030年のCAGRは約5.8%です。

当レポートでは、世界の自動車用アクチュエーターの市場について分析し、市場の基本構造・最新情勢や主な促進・抑制要因、世界全体および地域別・主要国の市場規模の動向見通し (数量・金額ベース、2017～2030年)、種類別・用途別・車種別・モーション別の詳細動向、現在の市場競争の状況、主要企業のプロファイルなどを調査しております。

目次

第1章 調査範囲

第2章 調査手法

第3章 エグゼクティブサマリー

第4章 市場指標

第5章 業界の展望

• 市場力学
  • 動向
  • 促進要因
  • 抑制要因/課題
  • 促進要因/抑制要因の影響分析
• 新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) の影響
• ポーターのファイブフォース分析

第6章 世界市場

• 概要
• 市場規模：種類別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場収益：種類別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場規模：用途別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場収益：用途別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場規模：車種別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場収益：車種別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場規模：モーション別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場収益：モーション別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場規模：地域別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場収益：地域別 (2017～2030年)

第7章 北米市場

• 概要
• 市場規模：種類別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場収益：種類別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場規模：用途別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場収益：用途別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場規模：車種別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場収益：車種別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場規模：モーション別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場収益：モーション別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場規模：国別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場収益：国別 (2017～2030年)

第8章 欧州市場

第9章 アジア太平洋市場

第10章 ラテンアメリカ市場

第11章 中東・アフリカ市場

第12章 米国市場

• 概要
• 市場規模：種類別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場収益：種類別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場規模：用途別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場収益：用途別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場規模：車種別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場収益：車種別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場規模：モーション別 (2017～2030年)
• 市場収益：モーション別 (2017～2030年)

第13章 カナダ市場

第14章 ドイツ市場

第15章 フランス市場

第16章 英国市場

第17章 イタリア市場

第18章 スペイン市場

第19章 日本市場

第20章 中国市場

第21章 インド市場

第22章 オーストラリア市場

第23章 韓国市場

第24章 ブラジル市場

第25章 メキシコ市場

第26章 サウジアラビア市場

第27章 南アフリカ市場

第28章 アラブ首長国連邦 (UAE) 市場

第29章 競合情勢

• 市場参入企業とその提供品目の一覧
• 主要企業の競合ベンチマーク
• 主要企業の製品ベンチマーク
• 最近の戦略展開状況

第30章 企業プロファイル

• Robert Bosch GmbH
• HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA
• Johnson Controls International plc
• Denso Corporation
• Continental AG
• Hitachi Ltd.
• Valeo S.A.
• Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
• Schlumberger Limited
• Eaton Corporation plc
• Emerson Electric Co.
• Festo AG & Co. KG
• Flowserve Corporation

第31章 付録

Market Overview

The automotive actuator market generated revenue of USD 21.0 billion in 2023, which is expected to witness a CAGR of 5.2% during 2024-2030, to reach USD 29.6 billion by 2030.

Among the factors influencing the growth of this market range from vehicle automation, increasing technology demand, and the requirements of flexibility from consumers.

The mounting necessities of vehicles support this technological movement, which can be defined as the main reason for the growth of this market. Hence, new models are featuring highly sophisticated actuators that companies acquire from auto parts suppliers.

Hence the machine is able to take away some of the load of the driver and is more convenient to the rider. For eg, in the past the steering was straightly connected to the steering column, that consume more energy in order to manoeuvre or to park the vehicles. Subsequently, receding this form has been replaced by the power steering system to ease steering.

Through the use of hydraulic or electric actuating mechanism this system provides power assistance. But these small yet mighty devices have taken place of ADAS, AFS, ACC, and many other advanced direction systems of vehicles by this date.

The advanced features becoming common in budget vehicles as a result of this intense competition such as power windows and electronically adjustable seats, which have resulted in the increasing production of actuators.

Key Insights

The hydraulic category leads the automotive actuator market in revenue share due to increased demand for heavy-duty vehicles.

Hydraulic actuators convert pressure to motion through fluid compression, offering greater force and power for components like throttle and pistons.

Electric actuators are projected to grow at the highest CAGR of approximately 5.5% during 2024-2030.

Growth in electric actuators is driven by increased demand for in-vehicle comfort, advanced features, and electric vehicles.

Electric actuators are easier to operate, less susceptible to damage, and require less maintenance compared to hydraulic actuators.

Throttle actuators held the largest market share of about 55% in 2023.

This dominance is due to their significant role in controlling the air intake into the engine.

Traditional mechanical controls have been replaced by drive-by-wire or electronic systems.

These electronic systems improve fuel efficiency, enhance accuracy, and provide smoother acceleration compared to mechanical controls.

Passenger vehicles accounted for approximately 70% of the market share in 2023.

Increased demand and production, along with technological advancements, drove this category's growth.

Commercial vehicles are expected to grow at a faster rate due to increased industrialization and the demand for advanced technologies for enhanced efficiency.

The linear category dominates the industry in revenue share due to its precise control, compact design, and versatility in vehicles.

Linear actuators provide either push or pull motions and can change angles, making them highly adaptable.

Key applications of linear actuators in vehicles include seat adjusters, door openers, automatic windows, and sunroofs.

APAC is the largest and fastest-growing market for automotive actuators, with a CAGR of approximately 5.8% during 2024-2030.

Such a huge amount of demand for both purex and president oils mainly comes from the technical sophistication of the auto industry and the rapidly growing car market.

Heading economies for this market are the People's Republic of China, the land of the rising sun - Japan, the world's most populous subcontinent - India, and South Korea.

China, as the most out spoken manufacturer and large buy of automotive actuators, is a result of its very large automobile market.

The leading Chinese market with high demand and advanced applications are behind the automotive industry is getting highly competitive which in turn offers good opportunity for actuator providers.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1. Research Scope

• 1.1. Research Objectives
• 1.2. Market Definition
• 1.3. Analysis Period
• 1.4. Market Size Breakdown by Segments
  • 1.4.1. Market size breakdown, by type
  • 1.4.2. Market size breakdown, by application
  • 1.4.3. Market size breakdown, by vehicle type
  • 1.4.4. Market size breakdown, by motion
  • 1.4.5. Market size breakdown, by region
  • 1.4.6. Market size breakdown, by country
• 1.5. Market Data Reporting Unit
  • 1.5.1. Volume
  • 1.5.2. Value
• 1.6. Key Stakeholders

Chapter 2. Research Methodology

• 2.1. Secondary Research
  • 2.1.1. Paid
  • 2.1.2. Unpaid
  • 2.1.3. P&S Intelligence database
• 2.2. Primary Research
• 2.3. Market Size Estimation
• 2.4. Data Triangulation
• 2.5. Currency Conversion Rates
• 2.6. Assumptions for the Study
• 2.7. Notes and Caveats

Chapter 3. Executive Summary

Chapter 4. Market Indicators

Chapter 5. Industry Outlook

• 5.1. Market Dynamics
  • 5.1.1. Trends
  • 5.1.2. Drivers
  • 5.1.3. Restraints/challenges
  • 5.1.4. Impact analysis of drivers/restraints
• 5.2. Impact of COVID-19
• 5.3. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
  • 5.3.1. Bargaining power of buyers
  • 5.3.2. Bargaining power of suppliers
  • 5.3.3. Threat of new entrants
  • 5.3.4. Intensity of rivalry
  • 5.3.5. Threat of substitutes

Chapter 6. Global Market

• 6.1. Overview
• 6.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 6.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 6.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 6.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 6.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 6.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 6.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 6.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 6.10. Market Volume, by Region (2017-2030)
• 6.11. Market Revenue, by Region (2017-2030)

Chapter 7. North America Market

• 7.1. Overview
• 7.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 7.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 7.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 7.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 7.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 7.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 7.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 7.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 7.10. Market Volume, by Country (2017-2030)
• 7.11. Market Revenue, by Country (2017-2030)

Chapter 8. Europe Market

• 8.1. Overview
• 8.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 8.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 8.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 8.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 8.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 8.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 8.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 8.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 8.10. Market Volume, by Country (2017-2030)
• 8.11. Market Revenue, by Country (2017-2030)

Chapter 9. APAC Market

• 9.1. Overview
• 9.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 9.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 9.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 9.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 9.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 9.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 9.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 9.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 9.10. Market Volume, by Country (2017-2030)
• 9.11. Market Revenue, by Country (2017-2030)

Chapter 10. LATAM Market

• 10.1. Overview
• 10.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 10.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 10.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 10.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 10.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 10.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 10.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 10.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 10.10. Market Volume, by Country (2017-2030)
• 10.11. Market Revenue, by Country (2017-2030)

Chapter 11. MEA Market

• 11.1. Overview
• 11.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 11.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 11.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 11.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 11.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 11.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 11.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 11.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 11.10. Market Volume, by Country (2017-2030)
• 11.11. Market Revenue, by Country (2017-2030)

Chapter 12. U.S. Market

• 12.1. Overview
• 12.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 12.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 12.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 12.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 12.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 12.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 12.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 12.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 13. Canada Market

• 13.1. Overview
• 13.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 13.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 13.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 13.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 13.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 13.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 13.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 13.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 14. Germany Market

• 14.1. Overview
• 14.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 14.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 14.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 14.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 14.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 14.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 14.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 14.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 15. France Market

• 15.1. Overview
• 15.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 15.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 15.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 15.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 15.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 15.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 15.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 15.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 16. U.K. Market

• 16.1. Overview
• 16.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 16.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 16.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 16.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 16.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 16.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 16.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 16.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 17. Italy Market

• 17.1. Overview
• 17.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 17.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 17.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 17.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 17.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 17.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 17.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 17.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 18. Spain Market

• 18.1. Overview
• 18.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 18.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 18.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 18.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 18.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 18.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 18.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 18.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 19. Japan Market

• 19.1. Overview
• 19.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 19.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 19.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 19.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 19.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 19.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 19.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 19.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 20. China Market

• 20.1. Overview
• 20.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 20.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 20.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 20.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 20.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 20.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 20.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 20.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 21. India Market

• 21.1. Overview
• 21.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 21.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 21.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 21.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 21.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 21.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 21.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 21.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 22. Australia Market

• 22.1. Overview
• 22.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 22.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 22.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 22.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 22.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 22.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 22.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 22.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 23. South Korea Market

• 23.1. Overview
• 23.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 23.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 23.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 23.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 23.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 23.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 23.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 23.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 24. Brazil Market

• 24.1. Overview
• 24.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 24.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 24.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 24.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 24.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 24.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 24.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 24.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 25. Mexico Market

• 25.1. Overview
• 25.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 25.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 25.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 25.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 25.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 25.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 25.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 25.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 26. Saudi Arabia Market

• 26.1. Overview
• 26.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 26.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 26.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 26.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 26.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 26.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 26.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 26.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 27. South Africa Market

• 27.1. Overview
• 27.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 27.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 27.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 27.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 27.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 27.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 27.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 27.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 28. U.A.E. Market

• 28.1. Overview
• 28.2. Market Volume, by Type (2017-2030)
• 28.3. Market Revenue, by Type (2017-2030)
• 28.4. Market Volume, by Application (2017-2030)
• 28.5. Market Revenue, by Application (2017-2030)
• 28.6. Market Volume, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 28.7. Market Revenue, by Vehicle Type (2017-2030)
• 28.8. Market Volume, by Motion (2017-2030)
• 28.9. Market Revenue, by Motion (2017-2030)

Chapter 29. Competitive Landscape

• 29.1. List of Market Players and their Offerings
• 29.2. Competitive Benchmarking of Key Players
• 29.3. Product Benchmarking of Key Players
• 29.4. Recent Strategic Developments

Chapter 30. Company Profiles

• 30.1. Robert Bosch GmbH
  • 30.1.1. Business overview
  • 30.1.2. Product and service offerings
  • 30.1.3. Key financial summary
• 30.2. HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA
  • 30.2.1. Business overview
  • 30.2.2. Product and service offerings
  • 30.2.3. Key financial summary
• 30.3. Johnson Controls International plc
  • 30.3.1. Business overview
  • 30.3.2. Product and service offerings
  • 30.3.3. Key financial summary
• 30.4. Denso Corporation
  • 30.4.1. Business overview
  • 30.4.2. Product and service offerings
  • 30.4.3. Key financial summary
• 30.5. Continental AG
  • 30.5.1. Business overview
  • 30.5.2. Product and service offerings
  • 30.5.3. Key financial summary
• 30.6. Hitachi Ltd.
  • 30.6.1. Business overview
  • 30.6.2. Product and service offerings
  • 30.6.3. Key financial summary
• 30.7. Valeo S.A.
  • 30.7.1. Business overview
  • 30.7.2. Product and service offerings
  • 30.7.3. Key financial summary
• 30.8. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
  • 30.8.1. Business overview
  • 30.8.2. Product and service offerings
  • 30.8.3. Key financial summary
• 30.9. Schlumberger Limited
  • 30.9.1. Business overview
  • 30.9.2. Product and service offerings
  • 30.9.3. Key financial summary
• 30.10. Eaton Corporation plc
  • 30.10.1. Business overview
  • 30.10.2. Product and service offerings
  • 30.10.3. Key financial summary
• 30.11. Emerson Electric Co.
  • 30.11.1. Business overview
  • 30.11.2. Product and service offerings
  • 30.11.3. Key financial summary
• 30.12. Festo AG & Co. KG
  • 30.12.1. Business overview
  • 30.12.2. Product and service offerings
  • 30.12.3. Key financial summary
• 30.13. Flowserve Corporation
  • 30.13.1. Business overview
  • 30.13.2. Product and service offerings
  • 30.13.3. Key financial summary

Chapter 31. Appendix

• 31.1. Abbreviations
• 31.2. Sources and References
• 31.3. Related Reports

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