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エタノールバス市場:世界の産業動向、シェア、規模、成長、機会、2023-2028年予測

Ethanol Bus Market: Global Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity and Forecast 2023-2028

出版日: | 発行: IMARC | ページ情報: 英文 145 Pages | 納期: 2~3営業日

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エタノールバス市場:世界の産業動向、シェア、規模、成長、機会、2023-2028年予測
出版日: 2023年09月04日
発行: IMARC
ページ情報: 英文 145 Pages
納期: 2~3営業日
  • 全表示
  • 概要
  • 図表
  • 目次
概要

市場概要 2023-2028年

エタノールバスの世界市場規模は2022年に14億6,070万米ドルに達しました。今後、IMARC Groupは、2023年から2028年の間に11.05%の成長率(CAGR)を示し、2028年までに27億1,730万米ドルに達すると予測しています。

エタノールバスとは、燃料としてエタノールを使用する旅客バスのことです。エタノールは、農業原料、植物原料(スイッチグラス、木材パルプ)、でんぷん質作物(トウモロコシ、ソルガム、大麦)、甘味作物(サトウキビ、柑橘類、テンサイ)から生産されます。従来のディーゼル・バスやガソリン・バスに比べ、これらの車両は環境にやさしく、費用対効果が高く、化石燃料への依存度を全体的に減らすことができます。このため、公共機関や政府機関の大量輸送に広く採用されています。

環境に優しい自動車の導入に加え、グリーン燃料の採用の増加は、市場の成長を推進する重要な要因の1つです。農作物に含まれる糖分や油分を利用して製造される第一世代バイオ燃料(バイオエタノール)への嗜好が高まっており、次いでリグノセルロース系バイオマスや木質作物、農業残渣、廃棄物を利用して製造される第二世代バイオ燃料が選ばれています。さらに、環境意識の高まりや、大気汚染レベルを最小限に抑えるための政府の取り組みも、市場の成長を後押ししています。例えば、インドなどの新興国は、環境への炭素や温室効果ガス(GHG)の排出を最小限に抑え、費用対効果の高い公共交通手段を提供するため、エタノールバスを大規模に導入しています。さらに、エタノールやその他のバイオ燃料の製造工程におけるさまざまな技術進歩も、市場に明るい見通しをもたらしています。バイオマスや酵母の性能向上により、バイオエタノールの生産効率が向上しています。

本レポートで扱う主な質問

  • 2023年から2028年にかけての世界のエタノールバス市場の予想成長率は?
  • 世界のエタノールバス市場を牽引する主要因は何か?
  • エタノールバスの世界市場におけるCOVID-19の影響は?
  • エタノールバスの世界市場のタイプ別区分は?
  • エタノールバスの世界市場の用途別区分は?
  • エタノール供給源に基づくエタノールバスの世界市場内訳は?
  • エタノールバスの世界市場における主要地域は?
  • エタノールバスの世界市場における主要プレーヤー/企業は?

目次

第1章 序文

第2章 調査範囲と調査手法

  • 調査目的
  • 利害関係者
  • データソース
    • 一次情報
    • 二次情報
  • 市場推定
    • ボトムアップアプローチ
    • トップダウンアプローチ
  • 調査手法

第3章 エグゼクティブサマリー

第4章 イントロダクション

  • 概要
  • 主要産業動向

第5章 エタノールバスの世界市場

  • 市場概要
  • 市場実績
  • COVID-19の影響
  • 市場予測

第6章 市場内訳:タイプ別

  • 第一世代エタノールバス
    • 市場動向
    • 市場予測
  • 第二世代エタノールバス
    • 市場動向
    • 市場予測

第7章 市場内訳:用途別

  • スクール
    • 市場動向
    • 市場予測
  • 自治体交通
    • 市場動向
    • 市場予測
  • その他
    • 市場動向
    • 市場予測

第8章 市場内訳:エタノール供給源別

  • トウモロコシ
    • 市場動向
    • 市場予測
  • サトウキビ
    • 市場動向
    • 市場予測
  • 小麦
    • 市場動向
    • 市場予測
  • その他
    • 市場動向
    • 市場予測

第9章 市場内訳:地域別

  • 北米
    • 米国
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • カナダ
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
  • アジア太平洋
    • 中国
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • 日本
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • インド
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • 韓国
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • その他
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
  • 欧州
    • ドイツ
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • フランス
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • 英国
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • イタリア
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • ロシア市場
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • その他
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
  • ラテンアメリカ
    • ブラジル
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • メキシコ
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • その他
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
  • 中東・アフリカ地域
    • 市場動向
    • 市場内訳:国別
    • 市場予測

第10章 SWOT分析

  • 概要
  • 強み
  • 弱み
  • 機会
  • 脅威

第11章 バリューチェーン分析

  • 概要
  • インバウンド物流
  • オペレーション
  • アウトバウンド物流
  • マーケティングとセールス
  • 販売後のサービス

第12章 ポーターのファイブフォース分析

  • 概要
  • 買い手の交渉力
  • 供給企業の交渉力
  • 競合の程度
  • 新規参入業者の脅威
  • 代替品の脅威

第13章 価格指標

第14章 競合情勢

  • 市場構造
  • 主要企業
  • 主要企業のプロファイル
    • AUDI AG
    • Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V.
    • Ford Motor Credit Company LLC
    • General Motors Company
    • Isuzu Motors Limited
    • Jaguar Land Rover Limited
    • Deere & Company
    • Nissan Motor Company
    • Scania CV AB
    • Toyota Motor Corporation
    • Volkswagen AG
図表

List of Figures

  • Figure 1: Global: Ethanol Bus Market: Major Drivers and Challenges
  • Figure 2: Global: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017-2022
  • Figure 3: Global: Ethanol Bus Market: Breakup by Type (in %), 2022
  • Figure 4: Global: Ethanol Bus Market: Breakup by Application (in %), 2022
  • Figure 5: Global: Ethanol Bus Market: Breakup by Ethanol Source (in %), 2022
  • Figure 6: Global: Ethanol Bus Market: Breakup by Region (in %), 2022
  • Figure 7: Global: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 8: Global: Ethanol Bus (First-Generation Ethanol Bus) Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 9: Global: Ethanol Bus (First-Generation Ethanol Bus) Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 10: Global: Ethanol Bus (Second-Generation Ethanol Bus) Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 11: Global: Ethanol Bus (Second-Generation Ethanol Bus) Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 12: Global: Ethanol Bus (School) Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 13: Global: Ethanol Bus (School) Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 14: Global: Ethanol Bus (Municipal Traffic) Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 15: Global: Ethanol Bus (Municipal Traffic) Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 16: Global: Ethanol Bus (Others) Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 17: Global: Ethanol Bus (Others) Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 18: Global: Ethanol Bus (Corn) Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 19: Global: Ethanol Bus (Corn) Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 20: Global: Ethanol Bus (Sugarcane) Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 21: Global: Ethanol Bus (Sugarcane) Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 22: Global: Ethanol Bus (Wheat) Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 23: Global: Ethanol Bus (Wheat) Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 24: Global: Ethanol Bus (Others) Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 25: Global: Ethanol Bus (Others) Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 26: North America: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 27: North America: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 28: United States: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 29: United States: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 30: Canada: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 31: Canada: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 32: Asia Pacific: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 33: Asia Pacific: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 34: China: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 35: China: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 36: Japan: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 37: Japan: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 38: India: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 39: India: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 40: South Korea: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 41: South Korea: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 42: Others: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 43: Others: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 44: Europe: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 45: Europe: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 46: Germany: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 47: Germany: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 48: France: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 49: France: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 50: United Kingdom: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 51: United Kingdom: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 52: Italy: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 53: Italy: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 54: Russia: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 55: Russia: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 56: Others: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 57: Others: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 58: Latin America: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 59: Latin America: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 60: Brazil: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 61: Brazil: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 62: Mexico: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 63: Mexico: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 64: Others: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 65: Others: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 66: Middle East and Africa: Ethanol Bus Market: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
  • Figure 67: Middle East and Africa: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Figure 68: Global: Ethanol Bus Industry: SWOT Analysis
  • Figure 69: Global: Ethanol Bus Industry: Value Chain Analysis
  • Figure 70: Global: Ethanol Bus Industry: Porter's Five Forces Analysis

List of Tables

  • Table 1: Global: Ethanol Bus Market: Key Industry Highlights, 2022 and 2028
  • Table 2: Global: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Breakup by Type (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Table 3: Global: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Breakup by Application (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Table 4: Global: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Breakup by Ethanol Source (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Table 5: Global: Ethanol Bus Market Forecast: Breakup by Region (in Million US$), 2023-2028
  • Table 6: Global: Ethanol Bus Market: Competitive Structure
  • Table 7: Global: Ethanol Bus Market: Key Players
目次
Product Code: SR112023A1954

Market Overview 2023-2028:

The global ethanol bus market size reached US$ 1,460.7 Million in 2022. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach US$ 2,717.3 Million by 2028, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 11.05% during 2023-2028.

An ethanol bus is a passenger bus that uses ethanol as a fuel source. Ethanol is produced from agricultural feedstock, plant materials (switchgrass and wood pulp), starchy crops (corn, sorghum and barley) and sweet crops (sugarcane, citrus and sugar beets). In comparison to traditional diesel- and petrol-run buses, these vehicles are environment-friendly, cost-effective and reduce the overall dependency of fossil fuels. Owing to this, they are widely being adopted by public and government institutions for mass transportation.

The increasing adoption of green fuels, along with the introduction of environment-friendly automobiles, is one of the key factors driving the growth of the market. There is an increasing preference for first-generation biofuels (bioethanol) that are manufactured using sugars and oils found in crops, followed by second-generation biofuels, which are produced using lignocellulosic biomass or woody crops, agricultural residues, and waste. Furthermore, increasing environmental consciousness and the implementation of government initiatives to minimize air pollution level, are also providing a boost to the market growth. For instance, emerging nations, such as India, are launching ethanol buses on a large-scale to minimize carbon and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions into the environment and offer a cost-effective mode of public transport. Additionally, various technological advancements in the manufacturing processes of ethanol and other biofuels are also creating a positive outlook for the market. The improvements in biomass and yeast performance have enhanced the efficiency of bioethanol production.

Key Market Segmentation:

IMARC Group provides an analysis of the key trends in each segment of the global ethanol bus market report, along with forecasts at the global, regional and country levels from 2023-2028. Our report has categorized the market based on type, application and ethanol source.

Breakup by Type:

First-Generation Ethanol Bus

Second-Generation Ethanol Bus

Breakup by Application:

School

Municipal Traffic

Others

Breakup by Ethanol Source:

Corn

Sugarcane

Wheat

Others

Breakup by Region:

North America

United States

Canada

Asia Pacific

China

Japan

India

South Korea

Others

Europe

Germany

France

United Kingdom

Italy

Russia

Others

Latin America

Brazil

Mexico

Others

Middle East and Africa

Competitive Landscape:

The competitive landscape of the industry has also been examined with some of the key players being AUDI AG, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V., Ford Motor Credit Company LLC, General Motors Company, Isuzu Motors Limited, Jaguar Land Rover Limited, Deere & Company, Nissan Motor Company, Scania CV AB, Toyota Motor Corporation, and Volkswagen AG.

Key Questions Answered in This Report

  • 1. What is the expected growth rate of the global ethanol bus market during 2023-2028?
  • 2. What are the key factors driving the global ethanol bus market?
  • 3. What has been the impact of COVID-19 on the global ethanol bus market?
  • 4. What is the breakup of the global ethanol bus market based on the type?
  • 5. What is the breakup of the global ethanol bus market based on the application?
  • 6. What is the breakup of the global ethanol bus market based on the ethanol source?
  • 7. What are the key regions in the global ethanol bus market?
  • 8. Who are the key players/companies in the global ethanol bus market?

Table of Contents

1 Preface

2 Scope and Methodology

  • 2.1 Objectives of the Study
  • 2.2 Stakeholders
  • 2.3 Data Sources
    • 2.3.1 Primary Sources
    • 2.3.2 Secondary Sources
  • 2.4 Market Estimation
    • 2.4.1 Bottom-Up Approach
    • 2.4.2 Top-Down Approach
  • 2.5 Forecasting Methodology

3 Executive Summary

4 Introduction

  • 4.1 Overview
  • 4.2 Key Industry Trends

5 Global Ethanol Bus Market

  • 5.1 Market Overview
  • 5.2 Market Performance
  • 5.3 Impact of COVID-19
  • 5.4 Market Forecast

6 Market Breakup by Type

  • 6.1 First-Generation Ethanol Bus
    • 6.1.1 Market Trends
    • 6.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 6.2 Second-Generation Ethanol Bus
    • 6.2.1 Market Trends
    • 6.2.2 Market Forecast

7 Market Breakup by Application

  • 7.1 School
    • 7.1.1 Market Trends
    • 7.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 7.2 Municipal Traffic
    • 7.2.1 Market Trends
    • 7.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 7.3 Others
    • 7.3.1 Market Trends
    • 7.3.2 Market Forecast

8 Market Breakup by Ethanol Source

  • 8.1 Corn
    • 8.1.1 Market Trends
    • 8.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.2 Sugarcane
    • 8.2.1 Market Trends
    • 8.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.3 Wheat
    • 8.3.1 Market Trends
    • 8.3.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.4 Others
    • 8.4.1 Market Trends
    • 8.4.2 Market Forecast

9 Market Breakup by Region

  • 9.1 North America
    • 9.1.1 United States
      • 9.1.1.1 Market Trends
      • 9.1.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 9.1.2 Canada
      • 9.1.2.1 Market Trends
      • 9.1.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.2 Asia Pacific
    • 9.2.1 China
      • 9.2.1.1 Market Trends
      • 9.2.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 9.2.2 Japan
      • 9.2.2.1 Market Trends
      • 9.2.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 9.2.3 India
      • 9.2.3.1 Market Trends
      • 9.2.3.2 Market Forecast
    • 9.2.4 South Korea
      • 9.2.4.1 Market Trends
      • 9.2.4.2 Market Forecast
    • 9.2.5 Others
      • 9.2.5.1 Market Trends
      • 9.2.5.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.3 Europe
    • 9.3.1 Germany
      • 9.3.1.1 Market Trends
      • 9.3.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 9.3.2 France
      • 9.3.2.1 Market Trends
      • 9.3.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 9.3.3 United Kingdom
      • 9.3.3.1 Market Trends
      • 9.3.3.2 Market Forecast
    • 9.3.4 Italy
      • 9.3.4.1 Market Trends
      • 9.3.4.2 Market Forecast
    • 9.3.5 Russia
      • 9.3.5.1 Market Trends
      • 9.3.5.2 Market Forecast
    • 9.3.6 Others
      • 9.3.6.1 Market Trends
      • 9.3.6.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.4 Latin America
    • 9.4.1 Brazil
      • 9.4.1.1 Market Trends
      • 9.4.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 9.4.2 Mexico
      • 9.4.2.1 Market Trends
      • 9.4.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 9.4.3 Others
      • 9.4.3.1 Market Trends
      • 9.4.3.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.5 Middle East and Africa
    • 9.5.1 Market Trends
    • 9.5.2 Market Breakup by Country
    • 9.5.3 Market Forecast

10 SWOT Analysis

  • 10.1 Overview
  • 10.2 Strengths
  • 10.3 Weaknesses
  • 10.4 Opportunities
  • 10.5 Threats

11 Value Chain Analysis

  • 11.1 Overview
  • 11.2 Inbound Logistics
  • 11.3 Operations
  • 11.4 Outbound Logistics
  • 11.5 Marketing and Sales
  • 11.6 Post Sales Services

12 Porters Five Forces Analysis

  • 12.1 Overview
  • 12.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
  • 12.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
  • 12.4 Degree of Competition
  • 12.5 Threat of New Entrants
  • 12.6 Threat of Substitutes

13 Price Indicators

14 Competitive Landscape

  • 14.1 Market Structure
  • 14.2 Key Players
  • 14.3 Profiles of Key Players
    • 14.3.1 AUDI AG
      • 14.3.1.1 Company Overview
      • 14.3.1.2 Product Portfolio
      • 14.3.1.3 Financials
      • 14.3.1.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 14.3.2 Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V.
      • 14.3.2.1 Company Overview
      • 14.3.2.2 Product Portfolio
      • 14.3.2.3 Financials
    • 14.3.3 Ford Motor Credit Company LLC
      • 14.3.3.1 Company Overview
      • 14.3.3.2 Product Portfolio
      • 14.3.3.3 Financials
      • 14.3.3.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 14.3.4 General Motors Company
      • 14.3.4.1 Company Overview
      • 14.3.4.2 Product Portfolio
      • 14.3.4.3 Financials
      • 14.3.4.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 14.3.5 Isuzu Motors Limited
      • 14.3.5.1 Company Overview
      • 14.3.5.2 Product Portfolio
      • 14.3.5.3 Financials
      • 14.3.5.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 14.3.6 Jaguar Land Rover Limited
      • 14.3.6.1 Company Overview
      • 14.3.6.2 Product Portfolio
      • 14.3.6.3 Financials
    • 14.3.7 Deere & Company
      • 14.3.7.1 Company Overview
      • 14.3.7.2 Product Portfolio
      • 14.3.7.3 Financials
      • 14.3.7.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 14.3.8 Nissan Motor Company
      • 14.3.8.1 Company Overview
      • 14.3.8.2 Product Portfolio
      • 14.3.8.3 Financials
      • 14.3.8.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 14.3.9 Scania CV AB
      • 14.3.9.1 Company Overview
      • 14.3.9.2 Product Portfolio
      • 14.3.9.3 Financials
      • 14.3.9.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 14.3.10 Toyota Motor Corporation
      • 14.3.10.1 Company Overview
      • 14.3.10.2 Product Portfolio
      • 14.3.10.3 Financials
      • 14.3.10.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 14.3.11 Volkswagen AG
      • 14.3.11.1 Company Overview
      • 14.3.11.2 Product Portfolio
      • 14.3.11.3 Financials
      • 14.3.11.4 SWOT Analysis