石油・ガスセクターが採用する排出量削減戦略：現在の排出量（石油・ガスセクター別、企業別）分析、将来目標、削減戦略、カーボンプライシング

石油・ガスセクターの主要28社が発表した目標を検証したところ、ほぼすべての企業が直接排出量、スコープ1および2排出量について何らかの目標を掲げていることがわかりました。一方、スコープ3排出量に対して何らかの目標がある企業は半数未満であり、2050年までに全排出量においてネットゼロを目指す企業は3分の1以下となっています。

当レポートでは、世界の石油・ガスセクターが採用する排出量削減戦略について調査分析し、2019年の世界の石油・ガスセクターのCO2排出量、世界の石油・ガスの残存埋蔵量に伴う将来のCO2排出量、石油・ガス大手9社の排出量削減目標・戦略、世界の排出量削減戦略等に関する情報を提供しています。

目次

目次

• エグゼクティブサマリー
• 産業排出量の概要
• 石油・ガスセクターの排出量は？
• O&Gバリューチェーン全体の排出元
• 排出量カテゴリーの定義
• 企業目標をベンチマーク
• 排出はどこで行われているか？
• ガスによる排出量内訳
• 戦略とカーボンプライシング
• メタン排出の機会
• 一般的な排出量削減戦略
• 国家計画
• 世界のカーボンプライシング
• 企業内カーボンプライシング
• 企業分析
• 選択されたO&Gメジャーにおける主な排出量目標
• 排出量目標の評価
• ExxonMobil
• BP
• ConocoPhillips
• Chevron
• Eni
• Equinor
• Repsol
• Shell
• TotalEnergies
• 結論

List of Tables

List of Tables

• Table 1: Emissions reduction policies by country
• Table 2: Emissions targets of 9 selected oil and gas majors

List of Figures

List of Figures

• Figure 1: Energy-related GHG Emissions(%), 2021
• Figure 2: US O&G Emissions by Segment(%), 2020
• Figure 3: Oil and gas value chain
• Figure 4: Emissions categories
• Figure 5: Average emissions by scope of 16 top oil and gas companies(%)
• Figure 6: Targets of top 28 oil and gas companies, 2022
• Figure 7: Global Oil and Gas Sector CO2 Emissions(Gt CO2), 2019
• Figure 8: Future CO2 emissions from global O&G remaining lifetime of reserves(Gt CO2)
• Figure 9: Net Methane Abatement Cost by Technology($/MMBtu)
• Figure 10: Emission reduction strategies by sector
• Figure 11: Map of carbon pricing schemes worldwide
• Figure 12: Internal Carbon Prices Among Oil & Gas Majors($/ton)
• Figure 13: ExxonMobil's Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Upstream Emission Intensity(t-CO2e/100 tons production), 2016-2020
• Figure 14: BP's Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Emission Intensity(g-CO2e/MJ), 2017-2021
• Figure 15: ConocoPhillips' Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Emission Intensity(kg-CO2e/boe), 2016-2020
• Figure 16: Chevron's Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Upstream Emission Intensity(kg-CO2e/boe), 2017-2021
• Figure 17: Eni's Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Carbon Intensity(t-CO2e/kboe), 2016-2020
• Figure 18: Equinor's Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Upstream Carbon Intensity(kg-CO2e/boe), 2016-2021
• Figure 19: Repsol's Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Upstream Emission Intensity(t-CO2e/kboe), 2016-2021
• Figure 20: Shell's Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Net Carbon Intensity(g-CO2e/MJ)), 2017-2021
• Figure 21: TotalEnergies' Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Upstream Emission Intensity(kg-CO2e/boe), 2015-2020

A review of announced targets from 28 major oil and gas companies showed that nearly all have some kind of target for direct, scope 1 & 2 emissions. Meanwhile, less than half have any kind of target covering scope 3 emissions and less than a third aim to be net zero across all emission types by 2050. The nine most active O&G companies in the energy transition have reported reductions in absolute emissions and emissions intensity in recent years. On the national level, carbon pricing is used in Europe and Canada, but in the US only certain states are covered, and the Middle East and Russia have no such schemes. Companies have started implementing internal carbon pricing schemes in regions where it is less commonplace.

The oil and gas sector is responsible for about 50% of energy-related emissions, with the vast majority arising from Scope 3 emissions. Of Scope 1 and 2 emissions, the largest proportion comes from upstream and downstream operations. Emissions reduction strategies of the 9 most active oil and gas companies were compiled and analysed. Aside from developing low carbon technologies, companies have also started to endorse carbon pricing as an effective emissions reduction measure.

Scope

• Global oil and gas sector CO2 emissions in 2019
• Future CO2 emissions from global oil and gas remaining lifetime of reserves
• Emissions reduction targets and strategies of 9 selected oil and gas majors
• Global emissions reduction strategies

Reasons to Buy

• Obtain the most up to date information on emissions reduction strategies in major oil and gas producing nations and companies
• Understand the origins of different emissions throughout the oil and gas value chain
• Assess your competitor's emissions reduction strategies and develop the most effective plan of action based on the trends in their absolute emissions and emissions intensities
• Develop an understanding of the global carbon pricing scene

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

• Executive Summary
• Sector Emissions Overview
• How much does the sector emit?
• Emissions sources across the O&G value chain
• Defining Emissions Categories
• Benchmarking Company Targets
• Where are emissions taking place?
• Emissions breakdown by gas
• Strategies and Carbon Pricing
• The methane emissions opportunity
• Common emissions reduction strategies
• National plans
• Carbon pricing worldwide
• Internal carbon pricing
• Company Analysis
• Main emissions targets among selected O&G majors
• Evaluating emissions targets
• ExxonMobil

BP

• ConocoPhillips
• Chevron
• Eni
• Equinor
• Repsol
• Shell
• TotalEnergies
• Conclusions