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市場調査レポート
商品コード
1663186
寒冷凝集素症市場 - 市場の洞察、疫学、市場予測:2034年Cold Agglutinin Disease - Market Insight, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast - 2034 |
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寒冷凝集素症市場 - 市場の洞察、疫学、市場予測:2034年 |
出版日: 2025年02月01日
発行: DelveInsight
ページ情報: 英文 200 Pages
納期: 2~10営業日
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寒冷凝集素病は、赤血球の早期破壊(溶血)を特徴とするまれな自己免疫疾患です。CADでは、赤血球が早期に破壊され、骨髄における新しい細胞の産生速度がその損失を補うことができなくなります。寒冷凝集素病の症状は一般的に40~80歳で発症し、高齢者に多い疾患です。症状は溶血性貧血、深い疲労、息切れ、肢端チアノーゼ、黄疸、暗色尿などです。
寒冷凝集素病の治療は、臨床症状の重症度別異なります。コルチコステロイド、アルキル化剤、プリンヌクレオシドアナログ、そしてリツキシマブ単剤療法または併用療法(フルダラビンとリツキシマブ、ベンダムスチンとリツキシマブ)などの生物学的製剤が寒冷凝集素病治療の主要な治療ラインです。
主要7ヶ国における寒冷凝集素病の有病率は、2023年には約13,000人となりました。
2023年、主要7ヶ国の寒冷凝集素病の市場規模は合計で1億9,000万米ドルとなりました。2023年の主要7ヶ国における寒冷凝集素病の市場規模は米国が最も大きく、次いで日本でした。ENJAYMOは2034年までに米国で最大の寒冷凝集素病市場シェアを確保すると予想されます。EU4ヶ国および英国における寒冷凝集素病の市場規模は、ドイツが最も大きく、2023年には1,800万米ドルに達します。
結論として、現在の寒冷凝集素病治療市場の状況には適切な治療法がないにもかかわらず、新規のメカニズムを持つ多くの潜在的な治療法が寒冷凝集素病治療薬市場に参入し、切実なアンメットニーズを解決し、寒冷凝集素病患者の治療成績の大幅な改善につながると期待されています。したがって、新たな治療オプションの利用が可能になりつつあり、主要7ヶ国全体で医療支出が増加していることから、治療シナリオは予測期間中(2024年~2034年)に大きな成長を遂げると予想されます。
溶血性貧血の診断は、綿密な臨床評価、詳細な病歴、特徴的な症状の確認、およびヘモグロビン値や全血液量のうち赤血球が占める割合(ヘマトクリット値)を測定する血液検査などのさまざまな検査に基づいて疑われます。血液検査では、未熟な赤血球(網状赤血球)の値が上昇することもあります。これは、早期に破壊された赤血球を補うために、体が余分な赤血球を作らざるを得なくなった場合に起こります。溶血性貧血の人の中には、血液中のビリルビン値が上昇する人(高ビリルビン血症)もいます。
寒冷凝集素病の治療では、症状の程度に応じて生活習慣の改善や薬物療法を行い、緊急の場合には輸血が必要になることもあります。治療方針を決定するもう一つの要因は、患者が原発性寒冷凝集素病に罹患しているか(CADはそれ自体で起こる)、二次性CADに罹患しているか(CADは他の病気が原因で起こる)です。有効な治療法は病原性B細胞クローンまたは古典的補体経路に対するものであり、治療法の選択は個々に行うべきです。BTK阻害や補体指向性治療のさらなる開発など、新たな治療アプローチが準備中です。
当レポートでは、主要7ヶ国における寒冷凝集素症(CAD)市場について調査し、市場の概要とともに、疫学、患者動向、新たな治療法、2034年までの市場規模予測、および医療のアンメットニーズなどを提供しています。
Cold Agglutinin Disease Drugs Market: Report Summary
The Cold Agglutinin Disease Drugs Market report offers extensive knowledge regarding the epidemiology segments and predictions, presenting a deep understanding of the potential future growth in diagnosis rates, disease progression, and treatment guidelines. It provides comprehensive insights into these aspects, enabling a thorough assessment of the subject matter. Additionally, an all-inclusive account of the current management techniques and emerging therapies and the elaborative profiles of late-stage (Phase III and Phase II) and prominent therapies that would impact the current Cold Agglutinin Disease treatment market landscape and result in an overall market shift has been provided in the report.
The Cold Agglutinin Disease Drugs Market report also encompasses a comprehensive analysis of the Cold Agglutinin Disease therapeutics market, providing an in-depth examination of its historical and projected market size (2020 - 2034). It also includes the Cold Agglutinin Disease market share of therapies, detailed assumptions, and the underlying rationale for our methodology. The Cold Agglutinin Disease therapeutics market report also includes drug outreach coverage in the 7MM region.
The Cold Agglutinin Disease Drugs Market Report includes qualitative insights that provide an edge while developing business strategies, by understanding trends, through SWOT analysis and expert insights/KOL views, including experts from various hospitals and prominent universities, patient journey, and treatment preferences that help shape and drive the 7MM Cold Agglutinin Disease therapeutics market.
Cold Agglutinin Disease Recent Developments
Cold Agglutinin Disease Drugs Market
Cold Agglutinin Disease Drugs Market Chapters
The section dedicated to drugs in the Cold Agglutinin Disease drugs market report provides an in-depth evaluation of late-stage pipeline drugs (Phase III, Phase II and Phase I) related to Cold Agglutinin Disease. The Cold Agglutinin Disease drugs market chapters section provides valuable information on various aspects related to Cold Agglutinin Disease clinical trials, such as the pharmacological mechanisms of the drugs involved, designations, approval status, patent information, and a comprehensive analysis of the pros and cons associated with each drug. Furthermore, it presents the most recent newsCold Agglutinin Disease updates and press releases on drugs targeting Cold Agglutinin Disease.
Cold Agglutinin Disease Marketed Therapies
ENJAYMO (sutimlimab) is a humanized monoclonal IgG4 antibody directed against human complement factor C1s, a serine protease responsible for the enzymatic propagation of the classical complement pathway (CP), which is a part of the innate immune system. C1s is a part of the C1 complex, a multimeric protein assembly containing the pattern recognition receptor C1q and the C1s-activating serine protease, C1r. By binding to C1s, sutimlimab specifically inhibits the classical pathway, preventing the enzymatic action of the C1 complex on its substrates (C4 and C2), thereby blocking the formation of the pivotal enzyme, C3-convertase. Sutimlimab preserves the functions of the alternative and lectin complement pathways to mediate the humoral surveillance of pathogens. By selectively inhibiting the classical pathway upstream at C1s, sutimlimab did not alter C1q levels or inhibit the lectin and alternative complement pathways.
Cold Agglutinin Disease Emerging Therapies
LNP023 (iptacopan): Novartis
Iptacopan is an investigational, first-in-class, orally administered, small-molecule inhibitor of complement factor B (FB) with potential immunomodulatory activity and targeting one of the key drivers of several complement-driven renal diseases (CDRDs). Upon administration, iptacopan binds to FB and prevents the formation of the alternative pathway (AP) C3-convertase (C3bBb). This limits the cleavage of C3 to the active fragment C3b and may prevent C3b-mediated extravascular hemolysis in certain complement-driven disorders such as PNH and CAD.
Iptacopan is one of the most advanced assets in the Novartis nephrology pipeline and has the potential to become the first targeted therapy to delay the progression to dialysis in C3G. Discovered at the Novartis institute for biomedical research, iptacopan is currently in development for several CDRDs where significant unmet needs exist. To investigate the medication in individuals with primary CAD, Novartis Pharmaceuticals is presently doing a Phase II (NCT05086744) basket trial.
INCB050465 (parsaclisib): Incyte Corporation
Parsaclisib, a potent and selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K), demonstrates promising antineoplastic activity with reduced hepatotoxicity compared to first-generation inhibitors. By targeting PI3K-delta, primarily expressed in hematopoietic cells, it inhibits the PI3K/AKT pathway, decreasing proliferation and inducing cell death in PI3K-delta-overexpressing tumor cells. Parsaclisib's selective inhibition aims to spare normal cells' PI3K signaling. It directly blocks tumor cell proliferation and indirectly suppresses tumor growth by inhibiting regulatory T-cells, reducing immunosuppression. Currently, the drug is in Phase II (NCT03538041) clinical stage in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The trial is also ongoing in the EU clinical trials register (2017-003652-22) for autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and includes patients with cold AIHA.
The 'watch and wait' approach is appropriate in patients with compensated hemolysis or mild anemia, absent or tolerable cold-induced circulatory symptoms, and no unacceptable fatigue. Bendamustine plus rituximab is the preferred choice in moderately to severely affected patients. Rituximab monotherapy is used to maintain its role in frail patients and those with milder diseases. Sutimlimab, if available and affordable, should be preferred even in the first line in severely anemic patients who require a quick response, like in acute exacerbations that do not resolve spontaneously and in patients in whom chemo-immunotherapy is contraindicated.
Many new molecules with novel mechanisms, like cyclic peptide, Monoclonal antibody, Complement C3 inhibitor, Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase delta inhibitors, among others, are being developed for the Cold Agglutinin Disease treatment by key Cold Agglutinin Disease Companies like Iptacopan (Novartis), and Parsaclisib (Incyte Corporation), among others.
In conclusion, despite the lack of appropriate treatment in the current Cold Agglutinin Disease treatment market landscape, many potential therapies with novel mechanisms are expected to enter the Cold Agglutinin Disease drugs market, resolving a dire unmet need and leading to significant improvement in the treatment outcome of CCold Agglutinin Disease patients. Hence, with the upcoming availability of new treatment options and increasing healthcare spending across the 7MM, the treatment scenario is expected to experience significant growth during the forecast period (2024-2034).
Cold Agglutinin Disease Overview
Cold Agglutinin Disease (CAD) is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by premature destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis). Autoimmune diseases occur when one's immune system attacks healthy tissue; more specifically, CAD is a subtype of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHAs) are clinic-pathological entities characterized by the production of autoantibodies directed against surface antigens on red blood cells (RBCs). AIHAs are generally classified as warm, cold, or mixed type, depending on the optimum temperature at which the autoantibodies bind surface antigens. In this type of disorder, red blood cells are "tagged" by antibodies and are then destroyed by other types of immune cells. The disease is termed "cold" because the antibodies are active and cause hemolysis at cold temperatures, usually 3-4°C (37-39°F), which is not necessarily the case in other types of autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
Cold Agglutinin Disease Diagnosis
The diagnosis of hemolytic anemia may be suspected based on a thorough clinical evaluation, a detailed patient history, identification of characteristic symptoms, and a variety of tests such as blood tests that measure values of hemoglobin and the percentage of the total blood volume occupied by red blood cells (hematocrit). Blood tests May also show an elevated value of immature red blood cells (reticulocytes), which occurs when the body is forced to produce extra red blood cells to make up for those destroyed prematurely. Some individuals with hemolytic anemia have elevated bilirubin values in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia).
Hemolytic anemia also leads to increased lactate dehydrogenase values (LDH) in the blood, as it is released when red blood cells are destroyed. Haptoglobin is a hemoglobin scavenger that gets consumed when hemoglobin is released in the blood due to hemolysis; haptoglobin values are, therefore, low in hemolytic anemia. When hemolytic anemia is suspected to be autoimmune, specialized tests such as a Coombs test may be performed. This test is used to detect antibodies bound to red blood cells or other biological mediators, like complement (component 3, C3), which accompanies the binding of the immunoglobulin to their targets. A sample of blood is taken and then exposed to the Coombs reagent. A positive test is indicated when the red blood cells clump in the presence of the reagent.
Cold Agglutinin Disease Treatment
Cold Agglutinin Disease treatment involves the management of Cold Agglutinin Disease with lifestyle changes and medications, depending on the severity of symptoms, and in certain emergency cases, blood transfusions might be required. Another factor that decides treatment allocation is whether the patient has primary Cold Agglutinin Disease (CAD happens on its own) or secondary CAD (CAD caused due to another illness). Effective treatments are directed against the pathogenic B-cell clone or the classic complement pathway, and the choice of therapy should be made individually. Additional therapeutic approaches are in the pipeline, for example, BTK inhibition and further development of complement-directed therapies; therefore, patients with CAD requiring treatment should be considered for prospective trials.
The Cold Agglutinin Disease epidemiology chapter in the report provides historical as well as forecasted epidemiology segmented by Total Cold Agglutinin Disease prevalent cases, total Cold Agglutinin Disease diagnosed cases, Cold Agglutinin Disease gender-specific cases, Cold Agglutinin Disease type-specific cases, total Cold Agglutinin Disease treated cases in the United States, EU4 countries (Germany, France, Italy, Spain) and the United Kingdom, and Japan from 2020 to 2034.
KOL Views
To stay abreast of the latest trends in the Cold Agglutinin Disease treatment market, we conduct primary research by seeking the opinions of Key Opinion Leaders (KOLs) and Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) who work in the relevant field. This helps us fill any gaps in data and validate our secondary research. We have reached out to industry experts to gather insights on various aspects of Cold Agglutinin Disease, including the evolving Cold Agglutinin Disease treatment market landscape, patients' reliance on conventional therapies, their acceptance of therapy switching, drug uptake, and challenges related to accessibility. The experts we contacted included medical/scientific writers, professors, and researchers from prestigious universities in the US, Europe, the UK, and Japan.
Our team of analysts at Delveinsight connected with more than 15 KOLs across the 7MM. We contacted institutions such as the KOL, etc., among others. By obtaining the opinions of these experts, we gained a better understanding of the current and emerging treatment patterns in the Cold Agglutinin Disease treatment market, which will assist our clients in analyzing the overall epidemiology and market scenario.
Qualitative Analysis
We perform Qualitative and Cold Agglutinin Disease Therapeutics Market Intelligence analysis using various approaches, such as SWOT analysis and Conjoint Analysis. In the SWOT analysis, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in terms of disease diagnosis, patient awareness, patient burden, competitive landscape, cost-effectiveness, and geographical accessibility of therapies are provided. These pointers are based on the Analyst's discretion and assessment of the patient burden, cost analysis, and existing and evolving treatment landscape.
Conjoint Analysis analyzes multiple approved and emerging therapies based on relevant attributes such as safety, efficacy, frequency of administration, designation, route of administration, and order of entry. Scoring is given based on these parameters to analyze the effectiveness of therapy.
In efficacy, the trial's primary and secondary outcome measures are evaluated; for instance, in trials for CAD, important primary endpoints are evaluation includes assessing hemoglobin levels, C3 levels, total bilirubin levels, and Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT)-Fatigue Scale scores.
Further, the therapies' safety is evaluated wherein the acceptability, tolerability, and adverse events are majorly observed, and it sets a clear understanding of the side effects posed by the drug in the trials. In addition, the scoring is also based on the route of administration, order of entry and designation, probability of success, and the addressable patient pool for each therapy. According to these parameters, a final weightage score is decided, based on which the emerging therapies are ranked.
Cold Agglutinin Disease Treatment Market Access and Reimbursement
Because newly authorized drugs are often expensive, some patients escape receiving proper treatment or use off-label, less expensive prescriptions. Reimbursement plays a critical role in how innovative treatments can enter the market. The cost of the medicine, compared to the benefit it provides to patients who are being treated, sometimes determines whether or not it will be reimbursed. Regulatory status, target population size, the setting of treatment, unmet needs, the number of incremental benefit claims, and prices can all affect market access and reimbursement possibilities.
The Cold Agglutinin Disease treatment report further provides detailed insights on the country-wise accessibility and reimbursement scenarios, cost-effectiveness scenario of approved therapies, programs making accessibility easier and out-of-pocket costs more affordable, insights on patients insured under federal or state government prescription drug programs, etc.