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市場調査レポート
商品コード
1297053
補助動力装置(APU)の世界市場Global Auxiliary Power Unit Market |
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補助動力装置(APU)の世界市場 |
出版日: 2023年06月26日
発行: Aviation & Defense Market Reports (A&D)
ページ情報: 英文 150+ Pages
納期: お問合せ
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その定義によれば、補助動力装置(APU)とは、推進力以外の機能にエネルギーを供給するために使用される、車両に搭載された電子装置です。一般的に、大型の軍用艦船や飛行機、一部の大型陸上車両に搭載されています。航空機の電気機器に電力を供給するため、航空用APUは通常、400Hzで115VのAC電力を供給する(主電源では50/60Hz)。APUは単相または三相システムで電力を供給することができます。最初のAPUシステムは、ドイツのエンジニア、ノルベルト・リーデルによって第2次世界大戦中に開発されたと記されています。APUは航空機に組み込まれるターボシャフトエンジンで、航空機の電気的および空気圧的要件を満たすことができます。APUは一般に、航空機が地上電源装置を使用できないときに使用されます。航空機の主エンジン故障時には、APUによって非常用電源が供給されます。航空機へのAPUの統合は、燃料の節約と排出ガスの削減のため、地上作業中のメインエンジンの使用を禁止するためです。
APUの故障は、フライトのキャンセルや遅延につながる可能性があります。そのため、民間航空機のAPUに関連する健康状態を維持するために、常時MROを実施し、航空機の衛生状態を継続的に監視する態勢が整っています。民間MRO市場の成長は、民間航空機APU市場の成長を促進する主な要因の1つであると指摘されています。MROサービスは、民間航空セクター全体で提供されるアフターマーケットサービスと密接に関連しています。古い機体の入れ替えや古い機体への新技術の統合の増加は、世界のMRO市場の成長を促進すると予想される要因の1つです。いくつかのOEMはまた、新しい機器の販売の周期的変動と価格設定の圧力のために、新しいアフターマーケットサービスを求めています。この市場の成熟化が進んでいることも、現在OEMが他のサプライヤーを探す要因となっています。
低燃費のAPUに対する需要の高まりも、商用APU市場の成長を促進する要因のひとつです。環境悪化に関する意識の高まりと持続可能な慣行の採用、グリーン技術の普及は、この市場の成長を促進する主な要因の1つになると考えられています。また、新しい電動航空機の開拓とその市場浸透も、APU市場の成長を後押しします。
従来、APUユニットは騒音が大きいことで知られていた。しかし、メーカーは広範な研究を実施することで、この設計上の問題を是正しようとしてきました。研究開発者はまた、APUを扱う人々の聴力を維持するために、マフラーやその他の耳保護具を開発しています。
市場の動向から、航空機用APU市場は世界の民間航空機MRO市場と密接に関連しています。7000飛行時間後にメンテナンスが必要な航空機のAPUは、最低でもおよそ040万米ドルのメンテナンス費用がかかることが指摘されています。故障が報告されるたびに、航空機のAPUは、故障時のダメージコントロールに関連する高コストのために、50%の割合で交換されることが指摘されています。従って、民間航空機のAPUに関連する絶え間ない衛生チェックは、発生するOPEXを削減するために最も重要です。
2018年現在、ボーイング社とサフラン社が航空機用APU開発のための提携を結んだことが注目されています。この提携は50対50の株式保有パターンでした。設計、開発だけでなく、サービスも提案されたモデルの一部でした。この提携は、ハネウェルとユナイテッド・テクノロジーズを含む2社の市場支配力を脅かすものでした。ハネウェルは2017年現在、メインライナー用APU市場で約65%の市場シェアを握っていると指摘されています。同社は、エアバスA350、ボーイング777、ボーイング737 MAX、エアバスA220(旧ボンバルディアCSシリーズ)、コマックC919、イルクートMC-21、エアバスA320neoを含むすべてのシングルライナーにAPUユニットを供給する唯一のサプライヤーであると指摘されています。P&WC APS3200のオプションがエアバス社によって廃止されたことで、ボーイング社に市場機会が開かれました。P&WC社は、2017年にエアバスA380、ボーイング787、ボーイング747-8で残りの35%を主張したと指摘されています。
民間MRO市場の成長により、民間航空機用APU市場の成長が促進されることが予測されています。
当レポートでは、世界の補助動力装置(APU)市場について調査分析し、市場の成長促進要因、10年間の市場見通し、各地域の動向などの情報を提供しています。
According to the definition, it is noted that an auxiliary power unit (APU) is an electronic device on a vehicle that is used to provide energy for functions other than propulsion. They are typically seen on big military ships and planes, as well as some large land vehicles. To power the aircraft's electrical equipment, aviation APUs typically provide 115 V AC electricity at 400 Hz (as opposed to 50/60 Hz in the mains supply); however, some can also generate 28 V DC voltage. APUs are capable of supplying power via single- or three-phase systems. The first APU system was noted to have been developed during World War 2 by the German engineer Norbert Riedel. APUs are turbo shaft engines that are integrated into an aircraft and they can fulfill both the electric as well as the pneumatic requirements of the airplane. They are generally used when an aircraft is on the ground during the unavailability of a Ground Power Unit. During the main engine failure of the aircraft, it is noted that emergency power can be supplied by the APU. The integration of APUs into an aircraft is to prohibit the use of the main engine during ground operations to save fuel and reduce emissions.
It is noted that APU failure can result in imminent cancellation or delay of flights. Thus constant MRO and continuous monitoring of the hygiene of the aircraft are poised to maintain the health associated with the commercial aircraft APU. The growing market for commercial MRO is noted to be one of the main factors that are poised to drive the growth associated with the commercial aircraft APU Market. The MRO services are closely linked to the aftermarket services provided across the commercial aviation sector. An increase in the replacement of old fleet and the integration of new technologies onto older aircraft models is one of the factors which is anticipated to drive the growth of the global MRO market. Several OEMs are also seeking new aftermarket services owing to the cyclical fluctuation in new equipment sales, and the pressure of pricing. The growing maturity of this market is another factor that is presently leading to OEMs looking for other suppliers.
The rise in demand for fuel-efficient APUs is another factor that is poised to drive the growth associated with the commercial APU Market. The increased awareness regarding environmental degradation and the adoption of sustainable practices as well as the proliferation of green technology is poised to be one of the main factors driving the growth associated with this market. The development of new electric aircraft and the possibly high market penetration of the same is also poised to drive the growth of the APU vertical.
Traditionally used APU units are known to have a loud noise. However, manufacturers have been trying to rectify this design problem by implementing extensive research. Researchers have also developed mufflers and other protective ear equipment to preserve the hearing ability of people who work with the APU.
Market trends dictate that the aircraft APU market is closely linked to the global commercial aircraft MRO market. It is noted that an aircraft APU that requires maintenance after 7000 flight hours, would have a minimum maintenance cost of roughly USD 0.4 Million. Whenever a failure is reported, it is noted that an aircraft APU is replaced 50% of the time owing to the high cost associated with damage control during the event of a failure. Thus constant hygiene checks associated with the Commercial aircraft APU are of utmost importance to cut OPEX generated.
As of 2018, it was noted that the companies Boeing and Safran entered an alliance to develop aircraft APUs. The partnership had a 50-50 shareholding pattern. The design, development as well as servicing was a part of the proposed model. This partnership was poised to threaten the market dominance of two players including Honeywell and United Technologies. Honeywell was noted to hold a market share of roughly 65% within the mainliner APU market as of 2017. The company is noted to be the sole supplier of APU units to single liners including Airbus A350, the Boeing 777, and all single-aisles: the Boeing 737 MAX, Airbus A220 (formerly Bombardier CSeries), Comac C919, Irkut MC-21, and Airbus A320neo. The elimination of P&WC APS3200 option was eliminated by the company Airbus which opened market opportunities for Boeing. The company, P&WC was noted to have claimed the remaining 35% in 2017 with the Airbus A380, Boeing 787, and Boeing 747-8.
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