|
市場調査レポート
商品コード
1421551
グリーン水素市場- 世界の展望と予測(2024年~2029年)Green Hydrogen Market - Global Outlook & Forecast 2024-2029 |
||||||
グリーン水素市場- 世界の展望と予測(2024年~2029年) |
出版日: 2024年02月06日
発行: Arizton Advisory & Intelligence
ページ情報: 英文 313 Pages
納期: 即納可能
|
世界のグリーン水素の市場規模は、2023年から2029年にかけて53.53%のCAGRで成長すると予測されています。
グリーン水素は、再生可能な電力を使って水を水素と酸素に分解することで製造されます。これは、灰色水素や青色水素とは全く異なる経路です。グリーン水素市場はまだ初期段階にあります。しかし、特に鉄鋼、セメント、ガラス、化学などのプロセスで高熱を必要とする産業において、化石燃料を電気で直接置き換えることに伴う課題や限界に対処する上で、大きな可能性を秘めています。このユニークな能力により、水素は、製鉄における電気炉(EAF)技術を補完し、産業セクターの脱炭素化において重要な役割を果たします。
グリーン水素は、製鉄などの産業において、多用途で環境に優しいエネルギーキャリアとして台頭しつつあります。さらに産業部門は、アンモニアや有機物を含む必須化学物質をよりクリーンに製造するための原料として、グリーン水素市場から利益を得ることができます。グリーン水素は、特に海運、航空、そして少ないながらも大型貨物車などの分野で、重要な役割を果たすことになります。アンモニアやメタノールのような水素由来の合成燃料と燃料電池技術は、これらの課題セクターを脱炭素化するための有望なソリューションを提供します。しかし、乗用車などの小型車では、水素は他の代替燃料、特にバッテリー電気自動車との厳しい競合に直面しています。
現在、欧州地域はグリーン水素商業化プラントの導入におけるリーダーとして際立っており、グリーン水素市場の成長を支えています。対照的に、ラテンアメリカ、中東、アジア太平洋などの地域は、将来の輸出拠点として位置づけられています。中東・アフリカ地域には、太陽光や風力などの再生可能エネルギーが豊富にあり、グリーン水素を低コストで製造できます。この競争優位性により、MEAは輸出市場において重要な地域と位置づけられ、アジア太平洋と欧州の既存プレーヤーに課題する可能性があります。
インドはグリーン水素の主要輸出国になることを目指しており、10年後までに年間500万トンの生産を目標としています。同国は現在、グリーン水素の研究施設に注力しているが、輸出市場が需要を牽引することで、その低い生産コストを活用し、重要な供給国として台頭することを期待しています。石油精製業者の反対にもかかわらず、政府は2023年に年間350万トンの生産が可能な48のプロジェクトの立ち上げを発表しました。肥料産業からの需要は潜在的な道筋と考えられており、政府は電解槽メーカーを含む水素セクターを支援するためのガイドラインと21億米ドルの補助金を発表しました。しかし、国内ユーザーは、需要サイドのインセンティブがなければ、グレー水素からグリーン水素への移行という課題に直面する可能性があります。国際エネルギー機関(IEA)は、2030年までに世界全体で約1億8,000万トンの水素を需要すると予測しており、インドが大きなシェアを占める可能性があります。
当レポートでは、世界のグリーン水素市場について調査し、市場の概要とともに、技術別、由来別、エンドユーザー別、地域別の動向、および市場に参入する企業のプロファイルなどを提供しています。
LIST OF TABLES
The global green hydrogen market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 53.53% from 2023 to 2029.
MARKET OUTLOOK
Green hydrogen is produced by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen using renewable electricity. This is quite a different pathway compared to gray and blue hydrogen. The green hydrogen market is in its nascent stage. Still, it holds substantial potential in addressing the challenges and limitations associated with directly replacing fossil fuels with electricity, particularly in industries requiring intense heat for processes such as steel, cement, glass, and chemicals. This unique capability positions hydrogen as a key player in decarbonizing industrial sectors, complementing electric arc furnaces (EAF) technologies in steelmaking.
Green hydrogen is emerging as a versatile and environment-friendly energy carrier in industries such as steelmaking. Moreover, the industrial sector can benefit from the green hydrogen market as a feedstock for the cleaner production of essential chemicals, including ammonia and organic. Green hydrogen is poised to play a crucial role, particularly in sectors such as shipping, aviation, and, to a lesser extent, heavy goods vehicles. The synthetic fuels derived from hydrogen, such as ammonia and methanol, and fuel cell technology offer promising solutions for decarbonizing these challenging sectors. However, it has been acknowledged that hydrogen faces stiff competition from other alternative fuel options, particularly battery electric vehicles, in light-duty vehicles such as passenger cars.
Presently, the European region stands out as a leader in implementing green hydrogen commercialization plants and supports the growth of the green hydrogen market. In contrast, areas including Latin America, the Middle East, and Asia Pacific are positioning themselves as future export hubs. The Middle East & Africa (MEA) region has abundant renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, allowing the production of green hydrogen at a lower cost. This competitive advantage positions the MEA as a significant region in the export market, potentially challenging the established players in Asia Pacific and Europe.
FUTURE EXPORTERS OF GREEN HYDROGEN
India aims to become a leading exporter of green hydrogen, targeting a production goal of 5 million tons per year by the end of the decade. The country, currently focused on green hydrogen research facilities, is anticipating export markets to drive demand, allowing it to leverage its low production costs and emerge as a critical supplier. Despite objections from oil refiners, the government announced the launch of 48 projects capable of producing 3.5 million tons annually in 2023. The demand from the fertilizer industry is considered a potential avenue, and the government has released guidelines and USD 2.1 billion in subsidies to support the hydrogen sector, which includes electrolyzer manufacturers. However, domestic users may face challenges transitioning from gray to green hydrogen without demand-side incentives. Globally, the International Energy Agency (IEA) will demand about 180 million tons of hydrogen by 2030, allowing India to capture a significant share.
IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY
The key technology for producing green hydrogen involves electrolysis, where an electrolyzer utilizes electricity from renewable sources to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. However, electrolyzers currently contribute significantly to the final cost of hydrogen production, making it imperative to create scale economies in manufacturing and enhance their performance for cost-effective clean hydrogen.
The electrolyzer technology is currently in its infant stage, rendering it relatively expensive for widespread adoption by countries. This high cost acts as a deterrent for underdeveloped nations from investing significantly in this technology. However, green hydrogen production costs will decrease as the market matures due to the emergence of cost-effective and advanced technologies. Reducing the cost of electrolyzers will play a pivotal role in making this renewable energy source more economically viable.
The potential impact of technology in the green hydrogen market extends beyond cost reduction. With continuous technological advancements, the efficiency of electrolysis processes is slated to improve, resulting in higher production yields and further contributing to cost-effectiveness. Moreover, the transition to green hydrogen depends on technological advancements, supportive policies, and international collaborations. Governments and regulatory bodies play a crucial role in incentivizing the adoption of green hydrogen technologies through subsidies, tax breaks, and research funding initiatives. The collaborative efforts at the global level can facilitate the exchange of knowledge and expertise, thereby accelerating the development and dissemination of cost-effective green hydrogen technologies.
SEGMENTATION INSIGHTS
INSIGHTS BY TECHNOLOGY
The alkaline electrolyzer technology accounted for the highest global green hydrogen market share in 2023. As the oldest electrolysis technology, alkaline electrolyzers are most widely deployed globally owing to the continuous stream of advancements and innovations in recent years. PEM electrolyzers are the second most preferred technology worldwide; their extended lifespan and superior efficiency distinguish them from alkaline electrolyzers. Alkaline and PEM electrolyzers possess distinct competitive advantages despite being technologically advanced and commercially available. Alkaline electrolyzers stand out for their cost-effectiveness in terms of installation, while PEM electrolyzers account for a significantly smaller physical footprint. Additionally, PEM electrolyzers boast of higher production rates and output pressures.
Segmentation by Technology
INSIGHTS BY SOURCE
The global green hydrogen market by source is segmented into wind, solar, and others. Wind energy, mainly onshore wind, has the largest share in powering green hydrogen production. Its abundance and cost-competitiveness make it a leading choice. Solar energy, while being slightly behind wind, is rapidly catching up. Its potential for decentralized production and integration with existing grids is appealing. Other sources in the green hydrogen market include geothermal, hydropower, and hybrids, which account for smaller shares but are slated to register the highest CAGR. Furthermore, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, particularly the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states, possess abundant renewable energy resources such as solar and wind power; this makes the region an ideal location for green hydrogen production. The UAE, in particular, benefits from the lowest solar power cost globally.
Segmentation by Source
INSIGHTS BY END USER
The global green hydrogen market by end-user is segmented into refining, ammonia, and others. Green hydrogen can be applied as a feedstock in industries such as ammonia, methanol, refining, and steel; it can also be used as an energy carrier in fuel cells, energy storage, transportation fuel, and process heating. Among these options, the refining sector stands out as a critical player, accounting for the highest market share. Furthermore, the refining market is adopting green hydrogen as a sustainable and low-carbon alternative to traditional hydrogen production methods, aligning with global efforts to reduce carbon emissions. As the demand for cleaner energy sources intensifies, green hydrogen is becoming a preferred choice for refineries aiming to enhance their environmental performance and comply with stringent regulatory standards. Additionally, the ammonia production sector is emerging as a consumer of green hydrogen, further contributing to the diversification of end-user demand within the growing green hydrogen market.
Segmentation by End Users
GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS
Europe accounted for the highest global green hydrogen market share, valued at over USD 2 billion in 2023. The European Union, mainly through initiatives such as the 2050 Low Carbon Strategy (published in 2018) and the Green Pact for Europe (presented in 2019), has outlined comprehensive plans to decarbonize a significant portion of its renewable electricity energy consumption. A vital component of this strategy involves leveraging hydrogen as a renewable energy storage medium to address the gaps in energy needs. The EU aims to increase the share of hydrogen in its energy mix from 2% to potentially 14% by 2050, thereby recognizing its potential to effectively reduce and replace fossil fuels in the challenging-to-decarbonize sectors such as steel, chemicals, and transport. Such factors are projected to support the market growth during the forecast period.
Segmentation by Geography
COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
The global green hydrogen market is marked by a diverse competitive landscape, encompassing various technologies and players across different segments. Several companies actively contribute to the industry's development, with competition arising from traditional hydrogen production methods, green hydrogen technology providers, and companies selling green hydrogen as an end product. The traditional hydrogen production methods, represented by established players including Linde, Air Liquide, and Air Products and Chemicals, continue to optimize efficiency and reduce costs. These companies pose a challenge to adopting green hydrogen as the improvements in traditional methods may impact the cost-effectiveness of the transition to greener alternatives.
Key Company Profiles
Other Prominent Vendors
KEY QUESTIONS ANSWERED: