The global Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Equipment market size is estimated to be worth US$ 3,796.62 million in 2022 and is forecast to a readjusted size of US$ 10,488.91 million by 2028 with a CAGR of 18.46% during the forecast period 2022-2028. In 2022, DC Charging Pile accounted for a share of 67.83% in the global Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Equipment market. And this product segment is poised to reach US$ 7,103.41 million by 2028 from US$ 2,575.33 million in 2022. The Public Charging holds an important share in terms of application, and it is expected to reach US$ 8,119.12 million by 2028, at a CAGR of 18.43% during 2022 and 2028.
North America Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Equipment market size was US$ 432.27 million in 2021, while Europe was US$ 542.90 million. The proportion of the North America was 15.06% in 2021, while Europe's percentage was 18.92%, and it is predicted that Europe market share will reach 18.14% in 2028, trailing a CAGR of 18.64% through the analysis period. As for the Asia, the notable markets are China and South Korea, CAGR is 21.11% and 16.22% respectively for the next 6-year period.
The global major manufacturers of Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Equipment include ABB, Xuji Group, TELD, BYD, Star Charge, Chargepoint, Webasto, Efacec, and Leviton, etc. In terms of revenue, the global five largest players hold a 32.92% market share of Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Equipment in 2021.
This report focuses on Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Equipment volume and value at the global level, regional level, and company level. From a global perspective, this report represents overall Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Equipment market size by analysing historical data and future prospect. Regionally, this report focuses on several key regions: North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia, etc.
Segment Analysis:
The research report includes specific segments by region (country), by company, by Type and by Application. This study provides information about the sales and revenue during the historic and forecasted period of 2017 to 2028. Understanding the segments helps in identifying the importance of different factors that aid the market growth.
Segment Analysis:
The research report includes specific segments by region (country), by manufacturers, by Type and by Application. Each type provides information about the production during the forecast period of 2017 to 2028. by Application segment also provides consumption during the forecast period of 2017 to 2028. Understanding the segments helps in identifying the importance of different factors that aid the market growth.
By Company
- ABB
- Xuji Group
- TELD
- BYD
- Star Charge
- Chargepoint
- Webasto
- Efacec
- Leviton
- Siemens
- IES Synergy
- Pod Point
- Clipper Creek
- DBT-CEV
- Auto Electric Power Plant
- Schneider Electric
- Nitto Kogyo
- Panasonic
- Toyota Home
- Kawamura Electric
Segment by Type
- DC Charging Pile
- AC Charging Pile
Segment by Application
- Residential Charging
- Public Charging
Consumption by Region
- Asia-Pacific
- China
- Japan
- South Korea
- Southeast Asia
- India
- Australia
- Europe
- Germany
- France
- U.K.
- Italy
- Spain
- Rest of Europe
- South America
- Mexico
- Brazil
- Rest of South America
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET OVERVIEW
- 1.1 PRODUCT OVERVIEW AND SCOPE OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT
- 1.2 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SEGMENT BY TYPE
- 1.2.1 GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES GROWTH RATE COMPARISON BY TYPE (2022-2028)
- 1.2.2 DC CHARGING PILE
- 1.2.3 AC CHARGING PILE
- 1.3 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SEGMENT BY APPLICATION
- 1.3.1 GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES COMPARISON BY APPLICATION (2022-2028)
- 1.3.2 RESIDENTIAL CHARGING
- 1.3.3 PUBLIC CHARGING
- 1.4 GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET SIZE ESTIMATES AND FORECASTS
- 1.4.1 GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT REVENUE 2017-2028
- 1.4.2 GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES 2017-2028
- 1.4.3 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET SIZE BY REGION: 2017 VERSUS 2022 VERSUS 2028
2 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET COMPETITION BY MANUFACTURERS
- 2.1 GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURERS (2019-2021)
- 2.2 GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT REVENUE MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURERS (2019-2021)
- 2.3 GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT AVERAGE PRICE BY MANUFACTURERS (2019-2021)
- 2.4 MANUFACTURERS ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING SITES, AREA SERVED, PRODUCT TYPE
- 2.5 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET COMPETITIVE SITUATION AND TRENDS
- 2.5.1 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET CONCENTRATION RATE
- 2.5.2 THE GLOBAL 5 AND 10 LARGEST ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PLAYERS MARKET SHARE BY REVENUE
- 2.6 MANUFACTURERS MERGERS & ACQUISITIONS, EXPANSION PLANS
3 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT RETROSPECTIVE MARKET SCENARIO BY REGION
- 3.1 GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT RETROSPECTIVE MARKET SCENARIO IN SALES BY REGION: 2017-2022
- 3.2 GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT RETROSPECTIVE MARKET SCENARIO IN REVENUE BY REGION: 2017-2022
- 3.3 NORTH AMERICA ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET FACTS & FIGURES BY COUNTRY
- 3.3.1 NORTH AMERICA ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES BY COUNTRY
- 3.3.2 NORTH AMERICA ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT REVENUE BY COUNTRY
- 3.3.3 UNITED STATES
- 3.3.4 CANADA
- 3.4 EUROPE ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET FACTS & FIGURES BY COUNTRY
- 3.4.1 EUROPE ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES BY COUNTRY
- 3.4.2 EUROPE ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT REVENUE BY COUNTRY
- 3.4.3 GERMANY
- 3.4.4 FRANCE
- 3.4.5 U.K.
- 3.4.6 ITALY
- 3.4.7 SPAIN
- 3.5 ASIA PACIFIC ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET FACTS & FIGURES BY REGION
- 3.5.1 ASIA PACIFIC ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES BY REGION
- 3.5.2 ASIA PACIFIC ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT REVENUE BY REGION
- 3.5.3 CHINA
- 3.5.4 JAPAN
- 3.5.5 SOUTH KOREA
- 3.5.6 SOUTHEAST ASIA
- 3.5.7 INDIA
- 3.5.8 AUSTRALIA
- 3.6 LATIN AMERICA ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET FACTS & FIGURES BY COUNTRY
- 3.6.1 LATIN AMERICA ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES BY COUNTRY
- 3.6.2 LATIN AMERICA ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT REVENUE BY COUNTRY
- 3.6.3 MEXICO
- 3.6.4 BRAZIL
- 3.7 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET FACTS & FIGURES BY COUNTRY
- 3.7.1 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES BY COUNTRY
- 3.7.2 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT REVENUE BY COUNTRY
4 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT HISTORIC MARKET ANALYSIS BY TYPE
- 4.1 GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES MARKET SHARE BY TYPE (2017-2022)
- 4.2 GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT REVENUE MARKET SHARE BY TYPE (2017-2022)
- 4.3 GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRICE BY TYPE (2017-2022)
5 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT HISTORIC MARKET ANALYSIS BY APPLICATION
- 5.1 GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES MARKET SHARE BY APPLICATION (2017-2022)
- 5.2 GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT REVENUE MARKET SHARE BY APPLICATION (2017-2022)
- 5.3 GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRICE BY APPLICATION (2017-2022)
6 COMPANY PROFILES
- 6.1 ABB
- 6.1.1 ABB CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.1.2 ABB DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.1.3 ABB ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.1.4 ABB ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.2 XUJI GROUP
- 6.2.1 XUJI GROUP CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.2.2 XUJI GROUP DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.2.3 XUJI GROUP ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.2.4 XUJI GROUP ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.3 TELD
- 6.3.1 TELD CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.3.2 TELD DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.3.3 TELD ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.3.4 TELD ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.4 BYD
- 6.4.1 BYD CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.4.2 BYD DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.4.3 BYD ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.4.4 BYD ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.5 STAR CHARGE
- 6.5.1 STAR CHARGE CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.5.2 STAR CHARGE DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.5.3 STAR CHARGE ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.5.4 STAR CHARGE ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.6 CHARGEPOINT
- 6.6.1 CHARGEPOINT CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.6.2 CHARGEPOINT DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.6.3 CHARGEPOINT ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.6.4 CHARGEPOINT ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.7 WEBASTO
- 6.7.1 WEBASTO CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.7.2 WEBASTO DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.7.3 WEBASTO ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.7.4 WEBASTO ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.8 EFACEC
- 6.8.1 EFACEC CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.8.2 EFACEC DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.8.3 EFACEC ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.8.4 EFACEC ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.9 LEVITON
- 6.9.1 LEVITON CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.9.2 LEVITON DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.9.3 LEVITON ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.9.4 LEVITON ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.10 SIEMENS
- 6.10.1 SIEMENS CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.10.2 SIEMENS DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.10.3 SIEMENS ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.10.4 SIEMENS ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.11 IES SYNERGY
- 6.11.1 IES SYNERGY CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.11.2 IES SYNERGY DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.11.3 IES SYNERGY ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.11.4 IES SYNERGY ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.12 POD POINT
- 6.12.1 POD POINT CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.12.2 POD POINT DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.12.3 POD POINT ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.12.4 POD POINT ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.13 CLIPPER CREEK
- 6.13.1 CLIPPER CREEK CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.13.2 CLIPPER CREEK DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.13.3 CLIPPER CREEK ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.13.4 CLIPPER CREEK ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.14 DBT-CEV
- 6.14.1 DBT-CEV CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.14.2 DBT-CEV DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.14.3 DBT-CEV ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.14.4 DBT-CEV ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.15 AUTO ELECTRIC POWER PLANT
- 6.15.1 AUTO ELECTRIC POWER PLANT CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.15.2 AUTO ELECTRIC POWER PLANT DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.15.3 AUTO ELECTRIC POWER PLANT ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.15.4 AUTO ELECTRIC POWER PLANT ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.16 SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC
- 6.16.1 SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.16.2 SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.16.3 SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.16.4 SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.17 PANASONIC
- 6.17.1 PANASONIC CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.17.2 PANASONIC DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.17.3 PANASONIC ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.17.4 PANASONIC ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.18 NITTO KOGYO
- 6.18.1 NITTO KOGYO CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.18.2 NITTO KOGYO DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.18.3 NITTO KOGYO ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.18.4 NITTO KOGYO ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.19 TOYOTA HOME
- 6.19.1 TOYOTA HOME CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.19.2 TOYOTA HOME DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.19.3 TOYOTA HOME ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.19.4 TOYOTA HOME ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
- 6.20 KAWAMURA ELECTRIC
- 6.20.1 KAWAMURA ELECTRIC CORPORATION INFORMATION
- 6.20.2 KAWAMURA ELECTRIC DESCRIPTION AND BUSINESS OVERVIEW
- 6.20.3 KAWAMURA ELECTRIC ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT SALES, REVENUE AND GROSS MARGIN (2019-2021)
- 6.20.4 KAWAMURA ELECTRIC ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS OFFERED
7 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS
- 7.1 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT KEY RAW MATERIALS ANALYSIS
- 7.1.1 KEY RAW MATERIALS
- 7.1.2 KEY SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
- 7.2 PROPORTION OF MANUFACTURING COST STRUCTURE
- 7.3 MANUFACTURING PROCESS ANALYSIS OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT
- 7.4 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT INDUSTRIAL CHAIN ANALYSIS
8 MARKETING CHANNEL, DISTRIBUTORS AND CUSTOMERS
- 8.1 MARKETING CHANNEL
- 8.2 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT DISTRIBUTORS LIST
- 8.3 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT CUSTOMERS
9 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET DYNAMICS
- 9.1 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT INDUSTRY TRENDS
- 9.2 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET DRIVERS
- 9.3 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET CHALLENGES
10 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST
- 10.1 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET ESTIMATES AND PROJECTIONS BY TYPE
- 10.1.1 GLOBAL FORECASTED SALES OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT BY TYPE (2023-2028)
- 10.1.2 GLOBAL FORECASTED REVENUE OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT BY TYPE (2023-2028)
- 10.2 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET ESTIMATES AND PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION
- 10.2.1 GLOBAL FORECASTED SALES OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT BY APPLICATION (2023-2028)
- 10.2.2 GLOBAL FORECASTED REVENUE OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT BY APPLICATION (2023-2028)
- 10.3 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT MARKET ESTIMATES AND PROJECTIONS BY REGION
- 10.3.1 GLOBAL FORECASTED SALES OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT BY REGION (2023-2028)
- 10.3.2 GLOBAL FORECASTED REVENUE OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING EQUIPMENT BY REGION (2023-2028)
11 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION
12 METHODOLOGY AND DATA SOURCE
- 12.1 METHODOLOGY/RESEARCH APPROACH
- 12.1.1 RESEARCH PROGRAMS/DESIGN
- 12.1.2 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION
- 12.1.3 MARKET BREAKDOWN AND DATA TRIANGULATION
- 12.2 DATA SOURCE
- 12.2.1 SECONDARY SOURCES
- 12.2.2 PRIMARY SOURCES
- 12.3 AUTHOR LIST
- 12.4 DISCLAIMER 104