バッテリー熱管理システム（BTMS）の世界市場：2024-2031年

バッテリー熱管理システム（BTMS）市場は、予測期間（2024-2031年）に15.7%の大幅なCAGRで成長すると予測されます。市場成長の背景には、液体ベース、相変化材料ベース、冷媒ベース、MLベースといったバッテリー熱管理システム（BTMS）の世界の進歩があります。国際エネルギー機関（IEA）によると、2024年の電気自動車販売台数は1,400万台に迫り、そのうち95.0%は中国、欧州、米国でした。2023年の電気自動車販売台数は2022年を350万台上回り、前年比35.0%増となりました。

市場力学

電気自動車の効率を高める液体冷却ソリューション

電気自動車のバッテリーは、液体冷却システムを使用することで、理想的な動作温度範囲に保たれることが多いです。これらの電力部品では空気の比熱が低いため、従来のヒートシンクは機能しないことが多いです。さらに、環境への影響が少なく、軽量で高効率な熱伝達技術の追求は、自動車の効率性によって後押しされています。通常、完全に最適化された液体システムには、最大表面積の接触またはホットスポット冷却のいずれかの熱源のニーズを満たすように作られたコールドプレートが付属しています。このようなコールドプレートは、徹底的なテストを経て、極めて高い耐久性、信頼性、耐リーク性を備えたものにすることが極めて重要です。

正確な制御のためのアクティブ熱管理システム

アクティブ熱管理システムは、センサーとアクチュエーターを使用してバッテリーの温度を積極的に制御し、効率を最大化してバッテリーの寿命を延ばします。車室内の乗客の快適性を維持するために、熱管理システムは電気モーター、パワーエレクトロニクス、バッテリーの適切な温度を維持する必要があります。電気自動車の熱管理は、バッテリーパック、パワーエレクトロニクスドライブ、電気モーターの理想的な温度を維持するために、内部と外部の温度変化の両方に対応します。電気自動車の安全性と走行性に影響するため、熱管理は不可欠です。電気自動車の走行性、燃費、バッテリー寿命はすべて、温度上昇とともに悪化します。バッテリー熱管理は、電気自動車におけるバッテリーの全体的な熱影響を考慮する上で不可欠です。

市場セグメンテーション

• タイプ別に、市場は液体冷却・加熱と空気冷却・加熱に区分されます。
• 電池タイプにより、市場は固体電池と従来型電池に区分されます。
• 用途別では、市場はバッテリー電気自動車（BEV）とプラグインハイブリッド電気自動車（PHEV）に区分されます。

空気冷却・加熱が最大セグメントを占める見通し

空気冷却・加熱セグメントが市場で最大のシェアを占めると予想されます。成長を支える主な要因としては、電気自動車の冷却ループに利用されるラジエーターの数が増え、周囲の空気に熱を放出するようになったことが挙げられます。バッテリーパックの温度、モーターの温度、パワーエレクトロニクスに基づく駆動部の温度は、すべて冷却システムによって制御されます。冷却ループでは電動ポンプが冷却水を循環させ、バッテリー、電子機器、モーター、その他のシステムを冷却します。電気自動車の冷却ループでは、周囲の空気に熱を放出するためにラジエーターが利用されます。電気自動車では、冷却ループのシステムは空調システムによって冷却され、冷却ループの熱はエバポレーターを介して排出されます。例えば2021年9月、マーレは電気自動車の充電を高速化するための新しいバッテリー冷却システムを開発しました。バッテリーはよりコンパクトになり、電気自動車はより安く、より資源効率的になります。

バッテリー電気自動車（BEV）セグメントがかなりの市場シェアを占める

バッテリー電気自動車（BEV）セグメントは、市場でかなりのシェアを占めると予想されます。同分野の成長を支える要因としては、温度最適化によるEVバッテリーの温度管理システム（BTMS）の採用増加や、熱暴走の危険性の低下などが挙げられます。電気自動車（EV）のバッテリー管理システム（BTMS）は、リチウムイオンバッテリーパックの寿命に大きく貢献します。例えば、2023年1月、Grayson Thermal Systemsの革新的なVTMSは、バッテリーの熱管理とヒートポンプおよび空調技術を1つのシステムに統合し、エンドユーザーのコストとスペースの節約を支援します。電気バス、商用車、オフハイウェイ用途の軽量化と走行距離の最適化を実現する車両熱管理システム（VTMS）は、そのスタイルで生産1年目を迎えます。

地域別展望

世界のバッテリー熱管理システム（BTMS）市場は、北米（米国、カナダ）、欧州（英国、イタリア、スペイン、ドイツ、フランス、その他欧州地域）、アジア太平洋（インド、中国、日本、韓国、その他アジア太平洋地域）、世界のその他の地域（中東とアフリカ、ラテンアメリカ）を含む地域別にさらに細分化されています。

欧州におけるバッテリー熱管理システム（BTMS）の採用拡大

• この地域の成長の背景には、政府からの大きな支援、広大な充電ネットワーク、ゼロエミッション車に対する欧州の顧客の嗜好の高まりがあります。例えば、国際エネルギー機関（IEA）によると、欧州では2024年に電気自動車の新規登録台数が320万台近くに達し、2022年比で20.0%近く増加しました。EUでの販売台数は240万台で、成長率はほぼ同じです。
• この地域の市場プレーヤーは、インテリジェントなバッテリー管理システム、冷却、テレマティクス、その他すべての関連要素を含む、顧客工学に基づくエネルギー貯蔵ソリューションを提供しています。

アジア太平洋地域が大きなシェアを占める

アジア太平洋地域は、旭化成、日立製作所、LG社など、多数の著名なバッテリー熱管理システム（BTMS）企業やプロバイダーの存在により、大きなシェアを占めています。同地域の市場拡大は、中国、インド、日本、韓国などの国々におけるバッテリー電気自動車の需要増加が原動力となっています。国際エネルギー機関（IEA）によると、中国では2024年にPHEVが電気自動車総販売台数の約3分の1、バッテリー需要の18.0%を占め、2022年の総販売台数の4分の1、2021年の17.0%から増加しました。プラグインハイブリッド車（PHEV）のバッテリーは、バッテリー電気自動車（BEV）で使用されるバッテリーよりも小型であるため、バッテリー需要増加への寄与は小さいです。この地域の市場プレーヤーは、バッテリー電気自動車向けに非常に効果的な熱管理システムを提供しています。

バッテリー熱管理システム（BTMS）市場に参入している主要企業は、市場競争力を維持するため、提携、合併、買収などの戦略を適用し、事業拡大や製品開発にますます力を注いでいます。

目次

第1章 レポート概要

• 業界の現状分析と成長ポテンシャルの展望
• 調査方法とツール
• 市場内訳
  • セグメント別
  • 地域別

第2章 市場概要と洞察

• 調査範囲
• アナリストの洞察と現在の市場動向
  • 主要市場動向
  • 推奨事項
  • 結論

第3章 競合情勢

• 主要企業分析
• Asahi Kasei Corp.
  • 概要
  • 財務分析
  • SWOT分析
  • 最近の動向
• DENSO Corp.
  • 会社概要
  • 財務分析
  • SWOT分析
  • 最近の動向
• Hitachi, Ltd.
  • 概要
  • 財務分析
  • SWOT分析
  • 最近の動向
• Infineon Technologies AG
  • 概要
  • 財務分析
  • SWOT分析
  • 最近の動向
• LG Corporation
  • 概要
  • 財務分析
  • SWOT分析
  • 最近の動向
• 主要戦略分析

第4章 市場セグメンテーション

• バッテリー熱管理システム（BTMS）の世界市場：タイプ別
  • 液体冷却・加熱
  • 空気冷却・加熱
• バッテリー熱管理システム（BTMS）の世界市場：電池タイプ別
  • 固体電池
  • 従来型電池
• バッテリー熱管理システム（BTMS）の世界市場：用途別
  • バッテリー電気自動車（BEV）
  • プラグインハイブリッド電気車（PHEV）

第5章 地域分析

• 北米
  • 米国
  • カナダ
• 欧州
  • 英国
  • ドイツ
  • イタリア
  • スペイン
  • フランス
  • その他欧州
• アジア太平洋
  • 中国
  • インド
  • 日本
  • 韓国
  • その他アジア太平洋地域
• 世界のその他の地域
  • ラテンアメリカ
  • 中東・アフリカ

第6章 企業プロファイル

• AKG Group
• ANSYS, Inc.
• BorgWarner Inc.
• Graco Inc.
• Grayson Thermal Systems
• Guchen Industry
• HYDAC International GmbH
• KUS Americas, INC.
• MAHLE GmbH
• Modine Manufacturing Co.
• Modine Manufacturing Company
• Schaeffler Group
• SGL Carbon
• SiTime Corp.
• Thermo Heating Elements, LLC
• Trumonytechs
• Valeo
• Zhengzhou Kelin Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning Co., Ltd.

LIST OF TABLES

• 1. Global Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 2. Global Battery Liquid Cooling & Heating Management System Market Research And Analysis By Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 3. Global Battery Air Cooling & Heating Management System Market Research And Analysis By Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 4. Global Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Battery Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 5. Global Solid-State Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 6. Global Conventional Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 7. Global Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Application, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 8. Global Battery Thermal Management System For Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) Market Research And Analysis By Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 9. Global Battery Thermal Management System For Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) Market Research And Analysis By Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 10. Global Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 11. North American Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Country, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 12. North American Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 13. North American Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Battery Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 14. North American Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Application, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 15. European Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Country, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 16. European Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 17. European Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Battery Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 18. European Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Application, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 19. Asia-Pacific Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Country, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 20. Asia-Pacific Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 21. Asia-Pacific Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Battery Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 22. Asia-Pacific Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Application, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 23. Rest Of The World Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 24. Rest Of The World Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 25. Rest Of The World Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Battery Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 26. Rest Of The World Battery Thermal Management System Market Research And Analysis By Application, 2023-2031 ($ Million)

LIST OF FIGURES

• 1. Global Battery Thermal Management System Market Share By Type, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
• 2. Global Battery Liquid Cooling & Heating Management System Market Share By Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
• 3. Global Battery Air Cooling & Heating Management System Market Share By Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
• 4. Global Battery Thermal Management System Market Share By Battery Type, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
• 5. Global Solid-State Battery Thermal Management System Market Share By Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
• 6. Global Conventional Battery Thermal Management System Market Share By Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
• 7. Global Battery Thermal Management System Market Share By Application, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
• 8. Global Battery Thermal Management System For Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) Market Share By Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
• 9. Global Battery Thermal Management System For Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) Market Research And Analysis By Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
• 10. Global Battery Thermal Management System Market Share By Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
• 11. US Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 12. Canada Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 13. UK Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 14. France Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 15. Germany Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 16. Italy Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 17. Spain Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 18. Rest Of Europe Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 19. India Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 20. China Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 21. Japan Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 22. South Korea Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 23. Rest Of Asia-Pacific Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 24. Rest Of The World Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 25. Latin America Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
• 26. Middle East And Africa Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)

Battery Thermal Management System Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report by Type (Liquid Cooling & Heating and Air Cooling & Heating), by Battery Type (Solid-State Battery and Conventional Battery), and by Application (Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV)), Forecast Period (2024-2031)

Battery thermal management system market is anticipated to grow at a significant CAGR of 15.7% during the forecast period (2024-2031). The market growth is attributed to increasing advancement in battery thermal management systems such as liquid-based, phase-change material-based, refrigerant-based, and ML-based methods globally. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), in 2024, Electric car sales neared 14.0 million in 2023, 95.0% of which were in China, Europe and the US. Electric car sales in 2023 were 3.5 million higher than in 2022, a 35.0% year-on-year increase.

Market Dynamics

Liquid Cooling Solutions for Enhanced Efficiency in Electric Vehicles

EV batteries are frequently kept within their ideal operating temperature range by using liquid cooling systems. As the specific heat of air is lower on these power components, traditional heat sinks frequently will never function. Furthermore, the pursuit of lightweight, highly efficient heat transfer technologies with a small environmental impact is fueled by vehicle efficiency. Typically, fully optimized liquid systems come with cold plates that are made to meet the needs of the heat source for either maximum surface area contact or hot spot cooling. It is crucial to make sure that these cold plates are made with extreme durability, dependability, and leak resistance after undergoing extensive testing.

Active Thermal Management Systems for Precise Control

Active thermal management systems actively control the battery's temperature using sensors and actuators to maximize efficiency and extend battery life. To maintain passenger comfort in the cabin, the thermal management system must maintain the proper temperature for the electric motor, power electronics, and battery. Electric vehicle thermal management adjusts to both internal and exterior temperature variations to maintain the ideal temperature in battery packs, power electronics drives, and electric motors. As it affects the safety and drivability of electric vehicles, thermal control is essential. The drivability, fuel efficiency, and battery life of electric vehicles all deteriorate with rising temperatures. Battery thermal management is essential when considering the battery's overall thermal impact on electric cars.

Market Segmentation

• Based on the type, the market is segmented into liquid cooling & heating and air cooling & heating.
• Based on the battery type, the market is segmented into solid-state batteries and conventional batteries.
• Based on the application, the market is segmented into battery electric vehicles (BEV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV).

Air Cooling & Heating is Projected to Hold the Largest Segment

The air cooling & heating segment is expected to hold the largest share of the market. The primary factors supporting the growth include the increasing number of radiators utilized in the cooling loop of electric vehicles to release heat into the surrounding air. The battery pack temperature, the motor temperature, and the power electronic-based drive temperature are all controlled by the cooling system. An electric pump is used in the cooling loop to circulate coolant, which cools the batteries, electronics, motor, and other systems. Radiators are utilized in the cooling loop of electric vehicles to release heat into the surrounding air. In electric vehicles, the cooling loop's systems are cooled by the air conditioning system, and the cooling loop's heat is expelled via evaporators. For instance, in September 2021, MAHLE developed a new battery cooling system for faster charging of electric cars. Batteries can be more compact, making electric cars cheaper and more resource-efficient.

Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) Segment to Hold a Considerable Market Share

The battery-electric vehicle (BEV) segment is expected to hold a considerable share of the market. The factors supporting segment growth include increasing adoption of systems for managing the temperature of EV batteries (BTMS) through temperature optimization and decreased danger of thermal runaway, the battery management system (BTMS) of an electric vehicle (EV) contributes significantly to the longevity of the Li-ion battery pack. For instance, in January 2023, Grayson Thermal Systems' revolutionary VTMS combines battery thermal management and heat pump and air conditioning technology into one single system that helps the end-user save costs and space. A vehicle thermal management system (VTMS) that saves weight and optimizes driving range for electric buses, commercial vehicles, and off-highway applications is marking its first year in production in style.

Regional Outlook

The global battery thermal management system market is further segmented based on geography including North America (the US, and Canada), Europe (UK, Italy, Spain, Germany, France, and the Rest of Europe), Asia-Pacific (India, China, Japan, South Korea, and Rest of Asia-Pacific), and the Rest of the World (the Middle East & Africa, and Latin America).

Growing Adoption of Battery Thermal Management Systems in Europe

• The regional growth is attributed to significant support from the government, a vast charging network, and a growing European customer preference for zero-emission cars. For instance, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA), in 2024, in Europe, new electric car registrations reached nearly 3.2 million in 2023, increasing by almost 20.0% relative to 2022. In the EU, sales amounted to 2.4 million, with similar growth rates.
• The market players in the region offer customers-engineered energy storage solutions including intelligent battery management systems, cooling, telematics, and all other relevant elements. For instance, in September 2023, Freudenberg e-Power Systems (FEPS) introduced the new XRANGETM battery pack for buses and trucks. XRANGETM combines these lithium-ion battery cells with FEPS' widely proven battery management system, thermal management, and enhanced safety features, making it a state-of-the-art battery solution for heavy-duty.

Asia-Pacific Holds Major Market Share

Asia-Pacific holds a significant share owing to numerous prominent battery thermal management System companies and providers such as Asahi Kasei Corp., Hitachi, Ltd., and LG Corp., in the region. The expansion of the market in the region is driven by increasing demand for battery electric vehicles in countries such as China, India Japan, and South Korea. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), in 2024, in China, PHEVs accounted for about one-third of total electric car sales in 2023 and 18.0% of battery demand, up from one-quarter of total sales in 2022 and 17.0% of sales in 2021. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) batteries are smaller than those used in battery electric vehicles (BEVs), thereby contributing less to increasing battery demand. The market players in the region offer highly effective thermal management systems for battery electric vehicles. For instance, Asahi Kasei Corp. offers SunForce materials for EV batteries for thermal management systems in battery electric vehicles. SunForce beads reduce the power used to cool batteries while driving by reducing the influx of external heat through the vehicle chassis. This improves heat-exchange efficiency and maximizes battery performance.

The major companies serving the battery thermal management system market include Asahi Kasei Corp., DENSO Corp., Hitachi, Ltd., Infineon Technologies AG, and LG Corp., among others. The market players are increasingly focusing on business expansion and product development by applying strategies such as collaborations, mergers, and acquisitions to stay competitive.

Recent Developments

• In November 2023, an Electric Vehicle development and testing facility to be established at Fujisawa Plant. The newly established electric vehicle development and testing facility employs testing and evaluation equipment for components such as batteries, motors, EV systems, and thermal management. Furthermore, it is possible to optimize the functionality of combined EV components such as batteries and motors and optimize the thermal management of the entire system.
• In May 2022, Modine introduced a new EVantage line of thermal management systems for commercial electric vehicles. To improve commercial electric vehicle (EV) performance, range, battery life, and safety, Modine manufacturing company, in thermal management technology and solutions, announced the general availability of its suite of EVantage Thermal Management Systems for commercial EV chassis.
• In January 2022, Visteon complements the industry-first smart wireless battery management system with additional electrification technology. The integrated hardware architecture and system software can extend across multiple vehicle platforms with minimal module configuration changes, this flexible wireless solution reduces engineering costs significantly and can more easily be integrated with thermal management systems and other vehicle controls.

Table of Contents

1. Report Summary

• Current Industry Analysis and Growth Potential Outlook
• 1.1. Research Methods and Tools
• 1.2. Market Breakdown
  • 1.2.1. By Segments
  • 1.2.2. By Region

2. Market Overview and Insights

• 2.1. Scope of the Report
• 2.2. Analyst Insight & Current Market Trends
  • 2.2.1. Key Market Trends
  • 2.2.2. Recommendations
  • 2.2.3. Conclusion

3. Competitive Landscape

• 3.1. Key Company Analysis
• 3.2. Asahi Kasei Corp.
  • 3.2.1. Overview
  • 3.2.2. Financial Analysis
  • 3.2.3. SWOT Analysis
  • 3.2.4. Recent Developments
• 3.3. DENSO Corp.
  • 3.3.1. Overview
  • 3.3.2. Financial Analysis
  • 3.3.3. SWOT Analysis
  • 3.3.4. Recent Developments
• 3.4. Hitachi, Ltd.
  • 3.4.1. Overview
  • 3.4.2. Financial Analysis
  • 3.4.3. SWOT Analysis
  • 3.4.4. Recent Developments
• 3.5. Infineon Technologies AG
  • 3.5.1. Overview
  • 3.5.2. Financial Analysis
  • 3.5.3. SWOT Analysis
  • 3.5.4. Recent Developments
• 3.6. LG Corporation
  • 3.6.1. Overview
  • 3.6.2. Financial Analysis
  • 3.6.3. SWOT Analysis
  • 3.6.4. Recent Developments
• 3.7. Key Strategy Analysis

4. Market Segmentation

• 4.1. Global Battery Thermal Management System Market by Type
  • 4.1.1. Liquid Cooling & Heating
  • 4.1.2. Air Cooling & Heating
• 4.2. Global Battery Thermal Management System Market by Battery Type
  • 4.2.1. Solid-State Battery
  • 4.2.2. Conventional Battery
• 4.3. Global Battery Thermal Management System Market by Application
  • 4.3.1. Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV)
  • 4.3.2. Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV)

5. Regional Analysis

• 5.1. North America
  • 5.1.1. United States
  • 5.1.2. Canada
• 5.2. Europe
  • 5.2.1. UK
  • 5.2.2. Germany
  • 5.2.3. Italy
  • 5.2.4. Spain
  • 5.2.5. France
  • 5.2.6. Rest of Europe
• 5.3. Asia-Pacific
  • 5.3.1. China
  • 5.3.2. India
  • 5.3.3. Japan
  • 5.3.4. South Korea
  • 5.3.5. Rest of Asia-Pacific
• 5.4. Rest of the World
  • 5.4.1. Latin America
  • 5.4.2. Middle East and Africa

6. Company Profiles

• 6.1. AKG Group
• 6.2. ANSYS, Inc.
• 6.3. BorgWarner Inc.
• 6.4. Graco Inc.
• 6.5. Grayson Thermal Systems
• 6.6. Guchen Industry
• 6.7. HYDAC International GmbH
• 6.8. KUS Americas, INC.
• 6.9. MAHLE GmbH
• 6.10. Modine Manufacturing Co.
• 6.11. Modine Manufacturing Company
• 6.12. Schaeffler Group
• 6.13. SGL Carbon
• 6.14. SiTime Corp.
• 6.15. Thermo Heating Elements, LLC
• 6.16. Trumonytechs
• 6.17. Valeo
• 6.18. Zhengzhou Kelin Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning Co., Ltd.