植物・植物由来医薬品の世界市場 2024-2028

植物・植物由来医薬品市場は2023-2028年に209億3,000万米ドル、予測期間中のCAGRは8.18%で成長すると予測されます。

当レポートでは、植物・植物由来医薬品市場の全体的な分析、市場規模・予測、動向、成長促進要因、課題、約25のベンダーを網羅したベンダー分析などを掲載しています。

現在の市場シナリオ、最新動向と促進要因、市場環境全体に関する最新分析を提供しています。市場を牽引しているのは、植物由来医薬品の使用を促進する政府のイニシアティブの高まり、従来の医薬品に伴う制約、慢性疾患の効果的な治療に対する需要の高まりなどです。

本調査では、米国における規制状況の変化が、今後数年間の市場情勢の成長を促進する主な要因の一つであるとしています。また、新たな医療分野に向けた医薬品開拓への注目の高まりや、革新的な製品を持つ新規参入企業の出現は、市場の大きな需要につながります。

目次

第1章 エグゼクティブサマリー

• 市場概要

第2章 市場情勢

• 市場エコシステム

第3章 市場規模の評価

• 市場の定義
• 市場セグメント分析
• 市場規模 2023
• 市場の見通し 2023-2028

第4章 市場規模実績

• 植物・植物由来医薬品の世界市場 2018-2022
• タイプセグメント分析 2018-2022
• 用途別セグメント分析 2018-2022
• 地域別セグメント分析 2018-2022
• 国別セグメント分析 2018-2022

第5章 ファイブフォース分析

• ファイブフォースの要約
• 買い手の交渉力
• 供給企業の交渉力
• 新規参入業者の脅威
• 代替品の脅威
• 競争の脅威
• 市況

第6章 市場セグメンテーション：タイプ別

• 市場セグメント
• 比較：タイプ別
• 経口薬：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• 注射剤：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• 外用薬：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• 市場機会：タイプ別

第7章 市場セグメンテーション：用途別

• 市場セグメント
• 比較：用途別
• 感染症：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• 中枢神経系：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• 心血管疾患：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• 呼吸器疾患：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• 消化器疾患など：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• 市場機会：用途別

第8章 顧客情勢

• 顧客情勢の概要

第9章 地域別情勢

• 地域別セグメンテーション
• 地域別比較
• アジア：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• 欧州：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• 北米：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• 世界のその他の地域：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• 米国：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• 中国：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• ドイツ：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• 英国：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• 日本：市場規模と予測 2023-2028
• 市場機会：地域情勢別

第10章 促進要因、課題、および動向

• 市場促進要因
• 市場の課題
• 促進要因と課題の影響
• 市場動向

第11章 ベンダー情勢

• 概要
• ベンダー情勢
• 混乱の状況
• 業界のリスク

第12章 ベンダー分析

• 対象ベンダー
• ベンダーの市場ポジショニング
• Bausch Health Companies Inc.
• Bayer AG
• Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH
• Devonian Health Group Inc.
• Dr. Willmar Schwabe GmbH and Co. KG
• F. Hoffmann La Roche Ltd.
• Jaguar Health Inc.
• Jazz Pharmaceuticals Plc
• Merck KGaA
• Novartis AG
• Pfizer Inc.
• Pierre Fabre SA
• Protalix Biotherapeutics Inc.
• Sanofi SA
• Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.

第13章 付録

Exhibits:

• Exhibits1: Executive Summary - Chart on Market Overview
• Exhibits2: Executive Summary - Data Table on Market Overview
• Exhibits3: Executive Summary - Chart on Global Market Characteristics
• Exhibits4: Executive Summary - Chart on Market By Geographical Landscape
• Exhibits5: Executive Summary - Chart on Market Segmentation by Type
• Exhibits6: Executive Summary - Chart on Market Segmentation by Application
• Exhibits7: Executive Summary - Chart on Incremental Growth
• Exhibits8: Executive Summary - Data Table on Incremental Growth
• Exhibits9: Executive Summary - Chart on Vendor Market Positioning
• Exhibits10: Parent market
• Exhibits11: Market Characteristics
• Exhibits12: Offerings of vendors included in the market definition
• Exhibits13: Market segments
• Exhibits14: Chart on Global - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits15: Data Table on Global - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits16: Chart on Global Market: Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits17: Data Table on Global Market: Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits18: Historic Market Size - Data Table on global botanical and plant-derived drugs market 2018 - 2022 ($ billion)
• Exhibits19: Historic Market Size - Type Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ billion)
• Exhibits20: Historic Market Size - Application Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ billion)
• Exhibits21: Historic Market Size - Geography Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ billion)
• Exhibits22: Historic Market Size - Country Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ billion)
• Exhibits23: Five forces analysis - Comparison between 2023 and 2028
• Exhibits24: Chart on Bargaining power of buyers - Impact of key factors 2023 and 2028
• Exhibits25: Bargaining power of suppliers - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028
• Exhibits26: Threat of new entrants - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028
• Exhibits27: Threat of substitutes - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028
• Exhibits28: Threat of rivalry - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028
• Exhibits29: Chart on Market condition - Five forces 2023 and 2028
• Exhibits30: Chart on Type - Market share 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits31: Data Table on Type - Market share 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits32: Chart on Comparison by Type
• Exhibits33: Data Table on Comparison by Type
• Exhibits34: Chart on Oral - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits35: Data Table on Oral - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits36: Chart on Oral - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits37: Data Table on Oral - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits38: Chart on Injectables - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits39: Data Table on Injectables - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits40: Chart on Injectables - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits41: Data Table on Injectables - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits42: Chart on Topicals - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits43: Data Table on Topicals - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits44: Chart on Topicals - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits45: Data Table on Topicals - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits46: Market opportunity by Type ($ billion)
• Exhibits47: Data Table on Market opportunity by Type ($ billion)
• Exhibits48: Chart on Application - Market share 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits49: Data Table on Application - Market share 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits50: Chart on Comparison by Application
• Exhibits51: Data Table on Comparison by Application
• Exhibits52: Chart on Infectious diseases - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits53: Data Table on Infectious diseases - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits54: Chart on Infectious diseases - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits55: Data Table on Infectious diseases - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits56: Chart on Central nervous system - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits57: Data Table on Central nervous system - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits58: Chart on Central nervous system - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits59: Data Table on Central nervous system - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits60: Chart on Cardiovascular diseases - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits61: Data Table on Cardiovascular diseases - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits62: Chart on Cardiovascular diseases - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits63: Data Table on Cardiovascular diseases - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits64: Chart on Respiratory diseases - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits65: Data Table on Respiratory diseases - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits66: Chart on Respiratory diseases - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits67: Data Table on Respiratory diseases - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits68: Chart on Digestive diseases and others - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits69: Data Table on Digestive diseases and others - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits70: Chart on Digestive diseases and others - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits71: Data Table on Digestive diseases and others - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits72: Market opportunity by Application ($ billion)
• Exhibits73: Data Table on Market opportunity by Application ($ billion)
• Exhibits74: Analysis of price sensitivity, lifecycle, customer purchase basket, adoption rates, and purchase criteria
• Exhibits75: Chart on Market share By Geographical Landscape 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits76: Data Table on Market share By Geographical Landscape 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits77: Chart on Geographic comparison
• Exhibits78: Data Table on Geographic comparison
• Exhibits79: Chart on Asia - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits80: Data Table on Asia - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits81: Chart on Asia - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits82: Data Table on Asia - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits83: Chart on Europe - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits84: Data Table on Europe - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits85: Chart on Europe - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits86: Data Table on Europe - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits87: Chart on North America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits88: Data Table on North America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits89: Chart on North America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits90: Data Table on North America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits91: Chart on Rest of World (ROW) - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits92: Data Table on Rest of World (ROW) - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits93: Chart on Rest of World (ROW) - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits94: Data Table on Rest of World (ROW) - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits95: Chart on US - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits96: Data Table on US - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits97: Chart on US - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits98: Data Table on US - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits99: Chart on China - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits100: Data Table on China - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits101: Chart on China - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits102: Data Table on China - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits103: Chart on Germany - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits104: Data Table on Germany - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits105: Chart on Germany - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits106: Data Table on Germany - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits107: Chart on UK - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits108: Data Table on UK - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits109: Chart on UK - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits110: Data Table on UK - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits111: Chart on Japan - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits112: Data Table on Japan - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ billion)
• Exhibits113: Chart on Japan - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits114: Data Table on Japan - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• Exhibits115: Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape ($ billion)
• Exhibits116: Data Tables on Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape ($ billion)
• Exhibits117: Impact of drivers and challenges in 2023 and 2028
• Exhibits118: Overview on Criticality of inputs and Factors of differentiation
• Exhibits119: Overview on factors of disruption
• Exhibits120: Impact of key risks on business
• Exhibits121: Vendors covered
• Exhibits122: Matrix on vendor position and classification
• Exhibits123: Bausch Health Companies Inc. - Overview
• Exhibits124: Bausch Health Companies Inc. - Business segments
• Exhibits125: Bausch Health Companies Inc. - Key news
• Exhibits126: Bausch Health Companies Inc. - Key offerings
• Exhibits127: Bausch Health Companies Inc. - Segment focus
• Exhibits128: Bayer AG - Overview
• Exhibits129: Bayer AG - Business segments
• Exhibits130: Bayer AG - Key news
• Exhibits131: Bayer AG - Key offerings
• Exhibits132: Bayer AG - Segment focus
• Exhibits133: Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH - Overview
• Exhibits134: Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH - Business segments
• Exhibits135: Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH - Key news
• Exhibits136: Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH - Key offerings
• Exhibits137: Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH - Segment focus
• Exhibits138: Devonian Health Group Inc. - Overview
• Exhibits139: Devonian Health Group Inc. - Product / Service
• Exhibits140: Devonian Health Group Inc. - Key offerings
• Exhibits141: Dr. Willmar Schwabe GmbH and Co. KG - Overview
• Exhibits142: Dr. Willmar Schwabe GmbH and Co. KG - Product / Service
• Exhibits143: Dr. Willmar Schwabe GmbH and Co. KG - Key offerings
• Exhibits144: F. Hoffmann La Roche Ltd. - Overview
• Exhibits145: F. Hoffmann La Roche Ltd. - Business segments
• Exhibits146: F. Hoffmann La Roche Ltd. - Key news
• Exhibits147: F. Hoffmann La Roche Ltd. - Key offerings
• Exhibits148: F. Hoffmann La Roche Ltd. - Segment focus
• Exhibits149: Jaguar Health Inc. - Overview
• Exhibits150: Jaguar Health Inc. - Business segments
• Exhibits151: Jaguar Health Inc. - Key offerings
• Exhibits152: Jaguar Health Inc. - Segment focus
• Exhibits153: Jazz Pharmaceuticals Plc - Overview
• Exhibits154: Jazz Pharmaceuticals Plc - Product / Service
• Exhibits155: Jazz Pharmaceuticals Plc - Key news
• Exhibits156: Jazz Pharmaceuticals Plc - Key offerings
• Exhibits157: Merck KGaA - Overview
• Exhibits158: Merck KGaA - Business segments
• Exhibits159: Merck KGaA - Key news
• Exhibits160: Merck KGaA - Key offerings
• Exhibits161: Merck KGaA - Segment focus
• Exhibits162: Novartis AG - Overview
• Exhibits163: Novartis AG - Business segments
• Exhibits164: Novartis AG - Key offerings
• Exhibits165: Novartis AG - Segment focus
• Exhibits166: Pfizer Inc. - Overview
• Exhibits167: Pfizer Inc. - Product / Service
• Exhibits168: Pfizer Inc. - Key news
• Exhibits169: Pfizer Inc. - Key offerings
• Exhibits170: Pierre Fabre SA - Overview
• Exhibits171: Pierre Fabre SA - Business segments
• Exhibits172: Pierre Fabre SA - Key offerings
• Exhibits173: Pierre Fabre SA - Segment focus
• Exhibits174: Protalix Biotherapeutics Inc. - Overview
• Exhibits175: Protalix Biotherapeutics Inc. - Product / Service
• Exhibits176: Protalix Biotherapeutics Inc. - Key offerings
• Exhibits177: Sanofi SA - Overview
• Exhibits178: Sanofi SA - Business segments
• Exhibits179: Sanofi SA - Key news
• Exhibits180: Sanofi SA - Key offerings
• Exhibits181: Sanofi SA - Segment focus
• Exhibits182: Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. - Overview
• Exhibits183: Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. - Product / Service
• Exhibits184: Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. - Key news
• Exhibits185: Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. - Key offerings
• Exhibits186: Inclusions checklist
• Exhibits187: Exclusions checklist
• Exhibits188: Currency conversion rates for US$
• Exhibits189: Research methodology
• Exhibits190: Validation techniques employed for market sizing
• Exhibits191: Information sources
• Exhibits192: List of abbreviations

The botanical and plant-derived drugs market is forecasted to grow by USD 20.93 bn during 2023-2028, accelerating at a CAGR of 8.18% during the forecast period. The report on the botanical and plant-derived drugs market provides a holistic analysis, market size and forecast, trends, growth drivers, and challenges, as well as vendor analysis covering around 25 vendors.

The report offers an up-to-date analysis regarding the current market scenario, the latest trends and drivers, and the overall market environment. The market is driven by rising government initiatives to promote the use of plant-derived drugs, limitations associated with conventional drugs, and growing demand for effective treatment of chronic disorders.

Technavio's botanical and plant-derived drugs market is segmented as below:

By Type

• Oral
• Injectables
• Topicals

By Application

• Infectious diseases
• Central nervous system
• Cardiovascular diseases
• Respiratory diseases
• Digestive diseases and others

By Geographical Landscape

• Asia
• Europe
• North America
• Rest of World (ROW)

This study identifies the transformation of the regulatory landscape in US as one of the prime reasons driving the botanical and plant-derived drugs market growth during the next few years. Also, the growing focus on the development of drugs for new medical fields and the emergence of new entrants with innovative products will lead to sizable demand in the market.

The report on the botanical and plant-derived drugs market covers the following areas:

• Botanical and plant-derived drugs market sizing
• Botanical and plant-derived drugs market forecast
• Botanical and plant-derived drugs market industry analysis

The robust vendor analysis is designed to help clients improve their market position, and in line with this, this report provides a detailed analysis of several leading botanical and plant-derived drugs market vendors that include Bausch Health Companies Inc., Bayer AG, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Devonian Health Group Inc., Dr. Willmar Schwabe GmbH and Co. KG, F. Hoffmann La Roche Ltd., Hetero Labs Ltd., Jaguar Health Inc., Jazz Pharmaceuticals Plc, Medigene AG, Merck KGaA, Novartis AG, Pfizer Inc., Pierre Fabre SA, Protalix Biotherapeutics Inc., Riaan Wellness Pvt. Ltd., Wilson Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd., Zea Biosciences Corp, Sanofi SA, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., and Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. Also, the botanical and plant-derived drugs market analysis report includes information on upcoming trends and challenges that will influence market growth. This is to help companies strategize and leverage all forthcoming growth opportunities.

The study was conducted using an objective combination of primary and secondary information including inputs from key participants in the industry. The report contains a comprehensive market and vendor landscape in addition to an analysis of the key vendors.

The publisher presents a detailed picture of the market by way of study, synthesis, and summation of data from multiple sources through an analysis of key parameters such as profit, pricing, competition, and promotions. It presents various market facets by identifying the key industry influencers. The data presented is comprehensive, reliable, and a result of extensive research - both primary and secondary. The market research reports provide a complete competitive landscape and an in-depth vendor selection methodology and analysis using qualitative and quantitative research to forecast accurate market growth.

Table of Contents

1 Executive Summary

• 1.1 Market overview

2 Market Landscape

• 2.1 Market ecosystem

3 Market Sizing

• 3.1 Market definition
• 3.2 Market segment analysis
• 3.3 Market size 2023
• 3.4 Market outlook: Forecast for 2023-2028

4 Historic Market Size

• 4.1 Global botanical and plant-derived drugs market 2018 - 2022
• 4.2 Type Segment Analysis 2018 - 2022
• 4.3 Application Segment Analysis 2018 - 2022
• 4.4 Geography Segment Analysis 2018 - 2022
• 4.5 Country Segment Analysis 2018 - 2022

5 Five Forces Analysis

• 5.1 Five forces summary
• 5.2 Bargaining power of buyers
• 5.3 Bargaining power of suppliers
• 5.4 Threat of new entrants
• 5.5 Threat of substitutes
• 5.6 Threat of rivalry
• 5.7 Market condition

6 Market Segmentation by Type

• 6.1 Market segments
• 6.2 Comparison by Type
• 6.3 Oral - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 6.4 Injectables - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 6.5 Topicals - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 6.6 Market opportunity by Type

7 Market Segmentation by Application

• 7.1 Market segments
• 7.2 Comparison by Application
• 7.3 Infectious diseases - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 7.4 Central nervous system - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 7.5 Cardiovascular diseases - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 7.6 Respiratory diseases - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 7.7 Digestive diseases and others - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 7.8 Market opportunity by Application

8 Customer Landscape

• 8.1 Customer landscape overview

9 Geographic Landscape

• 9.1 Geographic segmentation
• 9.2 Geographic comparison
• 9.3 Asia - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 9.4 Europe - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 9.5 North America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 9.6 Rest of World (ROW) - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 9.7 US - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 9.8 China - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 9.9 Germany - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 9.10 UK - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 9.11 Japan - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
• 9.12 Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape

10 Drivers, Challenges, and Trends

• 10.1 Market drivers
• 10.2 Market challenges
• 10.3 Impact of drivers and challenges
• 10.4 Market trends

11 Vendor Landscape

• 11.1 Overview
• 11.2 Vendor landscape
• 11.3 Landscape disruption
• 11.4 Industry risks

12 Vendor Analysis

• 12.1 Vendors covered
• 12.2 Market positioning of vendors
• 12.3 Bausch Health Companies Inc.
• 12.4 Bayer AG
• 12.5 Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH
• 12.6 Devonian Health Group Inc.
• 12.7 Dr. Willmar Schwabe GmbH and Co. KG
• 12.8 F. Hoffmann La Roche Ltd.
• 12.9 Jaguar Health Inc.
• 12.10 Jazz Pharmaceuticals Plc
• 12.11 Merck KGaA
• 12.12 Novartis AG
• 12.13 Pfizer Inc.
• 12.14 Pierre Fabre SA
• 12.15 Protalix Biotherapeutics Inc.
• 12.16 Sanofi SA
• 12.17 Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.

13 Appendix

• 13.1 Scope of the report
• 13.2 Inclusions and exclusions checklist
• 13.3 Currency conversion rates for US$
• 13.4 Research methodology
• 13.5 List of abbreviations