デフォルト表紙
市場調査レポート
商品コード
1468408

戦術UAV市場レポート:タイプ、用途、地域別、2024~2032年

Tactical UAV Market Report by Type (Close-Range, Short-Range, Medium-Range, Medium-Range Endurance, Low-Altitude Deep Penetration, Low-Altitude Long-Endurance), Application (Military, Law Enforcement, and Others), and Region 2024-2032


出版日
発行
IMARC
ページ情報
英文 137 Pages
納期
2~3営業日
カスタマイズ可能
価格
価格表記: USDを日本円(税抜)に換算
本日の銀行送金レート: 1USD=146.99円
戦術UAV市場レポート:タイプ、用途、地域別、2024~2032年
出版日: 2024年04月08日
発行: IMARC
ページ情報: 英文 137 Pages
納期: 2~3営業日
GIIご利用のメリット
  • 全表示
  • 概要
  • 図表
  • 目次
概要

世界の戦術UAV市場規模は2023年に38億米ドルに達しました。今後、IMARC Groupは、市場は2032年までに100億米ドルに達し、2024~2032年の間に11.03%の成長率(CAGR)を示すと予測しています。

触覚無人航空機(UAV)とは、戦車や装甲兵員輸送車の危険軽減、探知に使用される重装備のことです。近接型、短距離型、長距離型、中距離型、耐久型、中高度長期耐久型(MALE)などが一般的な触覚UAVの種類です。UAVの運用には、ミッション計画・制御サイト(MPCS)と発射・回収サイト(LRS)が含まれます。触覚UAVは、探知、分類、識別、破壊、監視、偵察任務に広く利用されています。可能性のある危険の伝達、場所の監視、脅威的状況の通知、事故の調査、触覚による監視、大群衆の監視などに役立っています。その結果、触覚UAVは軍事、商業、市民、法執行活動など広範囲に応用されています。

戦術UAV市場の動向:

世界中でテロ活動や国境を越えた扇動が増加していることが市場の成長を促進しています。タクティカルUAVは小雨の状況でも使用され、脅威的な状況を検知、通知し、場所を監視します。これに伴い、短距離戦略任務や特殊目的統合遠隔知能端末(SPIRIT)におけるライブビデオやスナップショットのための広範な製品利用が市場成長を増強しています。さらに、人工知能(AI)や極超音速推進装置を戦術UAVシステムに統合し、装置を遠隔操作したり、視覚データや環境データを収集・実行したりするなど、さまざまな技術の進歩が市場成長に弾みをつけています。さらに、活動を保護、通信、感知するための無線、レーダー、赤外線信号などの高度な電子戦能力の開拓は、市場成長にプラスの影響を与えています。その他の要因としては、高高度長耐久性(HALE)無人航空機の需要の増加や、広範な研究開発(R&D)活動などがあり、市場のさらなる成長が見込まれています。

本レポートで扱う主要質問

  • 2023年の世界の戦術UAV市場規模は?
  • 2024~2032年の世界の戦術UAV市場の予想成長率は?
  • COVID-19が世界の戦術UAV市場に与えた影響は?
  • 世界の戦術UAV市場を牽引する主要因は?
  • 世界の戦術UAV市場の用途別区分は?
  • 戦術UAVの世界市場における主要地域は?
  • 戦術UAVの世界市場における主要参入企業は?

目次

第1章 序文

第2章 調査範囲と調査手法

  • 調査目的
  • 利害関係者
  • データソース
    • 一次情報
    • 二次情報
  • 市場推定
    • ボトムアップアプローチ
    • トップダウンアプローチ
  • 調査手法

第3章 エグゼクティブサマリー

第4章 イントロダクション

  • 概要
  • 主要産業動向

第5章 世界の戦術UAV市場

  • 市場概要
  • 市場実績
  • COVID-19の影響
  • 市場予測

第6章 市場内訳:タイプ別

  • 近距離
  • 短距離
  • 中距離
  • 中距離耐久性
  • 低高度ディープペネトレーション
  • 低高度長期耐久

第7章 市場内訳:用途別

  • 軍事
  • 法執行機関
  • その他

第8章 市場内訳:地域別

  • 北米
    • 米国
    • カナダ
  • アジア太平洋
    • 中国
    • 日本
    • インド
    • 韓国
    • オーストラリア
    • インドネシア
    • その他
  • 欧州
    • ドイツ
    • フランス
    • 英国
    • イタリア
    • スペイン
    • ロシア
    • その他
  • ラテンアメリカ
    • ブラジル
    • メキシコ
    • その他
  • 中東・アフリカ
    • 市場動向
    • 市場内訳:国別
    • 市場予測

第9章 SWOT分析

  • 概要
  • 強み
  • 弱み
  • 機会
  • 脅威

第10章 バリューチェーン分析

第11章 ポーターのファイブフォース分析

  • 概要
  • 買い手の交渉力
  • 供給企業の交渉力
  • 競合の程度
  • 新規参入業者の脅威
  • 代替品の脅威

第12章 価格分析

第13章 競合情勢

  • 市場構造
  • 主要企業
  • 主要企業のプロファイル
    • Aeronautics Ltd.(Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd.)
    • AeroVironment Inc.
    • BAYKAR Technology
    • Elbit Systems Ltd.
    • General Atomics
    • Israel Aerospace Industries
    • Lockheed Martin Corporation
    • Northrop Grumman Corporation
    • Saab AB
    • Safran S.A.
    • Textron Inc.
    • The Boeing Company
図表

List of Figures

  • Figure 1: Global: Tactical UAV Market: Major Drivers and Challenges
  • Figure 2: Global: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Billion US$), 2018-2023
  • Figure 3: Global: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Billion US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 4: Global: Tactical UAV Market: Breakup by Type (in %), 2023
  • Figure 5: Global: Tactical UAV Market: Breakup by Application (in %), 2023
  • Figure 6: Global: Tactical UAV Market: Breakup by Region (in %), 2023
  • Figure 7: Global: Tactical UAV (Close-Range) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 8: Global: Tactical UAV (Close-Range) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 9: Global: Tactical UAV (Short-Range) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 10: Global: Tactical UAV (Short-Range) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 11: Global: Tactical UAV (Medium-Range) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 12: Global: Tactical UAV (Medium-Range) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 13: Global: Tactical UAV (Medium-Range Endurance) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 14: Global: Tactical UAV (Medium-Range Endurance) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 15: Global: Tactical UAV (Low-Altitude Deep Penetration) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 16: Global: Tactical UAV (Low-Altitude Deep Penetration) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 17: Global: Tactical UAV (Low-Altitude Long-Endurance) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 18: Global: Tactical UAV (Low-Altitude Long-Endurance) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 19: Global: Tactical UAV (Military) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 20: Global: Tactical UAV (Military) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 21: Global: Tactical UAV (Law Enforcement) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 22: Global: Tactical UAV (Law Enforcement) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 23: Global: Tactical UAV (Other Applications) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 24: Global: Tactical UAV (Other Applications) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 25: North America: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 26: North America: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 27: United States: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 28: United States: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 29: Canada: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 30: Canada: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 31: Asia-Pacific: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 32: Asia-Pacific: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 33: China: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 34: China: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 35: Japan: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 36: Japan: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 37: India: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 38: India: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 39: South Korea: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 40: South Korea: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 41: Australia: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 42: Australia: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 43: Indonesia: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 44: Indonesia: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 45: Others: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 46: Others: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 47: Europe: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 48: Europe: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 49: Germany: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 50: Germany: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 51: France: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 52: France: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 53: United Kingdom: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 54: United Kingdom: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 55: Italy: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 56: Italy: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 57: Spain: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 58: Spain: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 59: Russia: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 60: Russia: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 61: Others: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 62: Others: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 63: Latin America: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 64: Latin America: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 65: Brazil: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 66: Brazil: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 67: Mexico: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 68: Mexico: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 69: Others: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 70: Others: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 71: Middle East and Africa: Tactical UAV Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 72: Middle East and Africa: Tactical UAV Market: Breakup by Country (in %), 2023
  • Figure 73: Middle East and Africa: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 74: Global: Tactical UAV Industry: SWOT Analysis
  • Figure 75: Global: Tactical UAV Industry: Value Chain Analysis
  • Figure 76: Global: Tactical UAV Industry: Porter's Five Forces Analysis

List of Tables

  • Table 1: Global: Tactical UAV Market: Key Industry Highlights, 2023 and 2032
  • Table 2: Global: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Breakup by Type (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Table 3: Global: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Breakup by Application (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Table 4: Global: Tactical UAV Market Forecast: Breakup by Region (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Table 5: Global: Tactical UAV Market: Competitive Structure
  • Table 6: Global: Tactical UAV Market: Key Players
目次
Product Code: SR112024A5977

The global tactical UAV market size reached US$ 3.8 Billion in 2023. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach US$ 10.0 Billion by 2032, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 11.03% during 2024-2032.

Tactile unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) refer to heavier protective devices used to mitigate the risks, detect tanks and armored personnel carriers. Close, short, long, medium-range, endurance and medium altitude long endurance (MALE) are some of the common types of tactile UAVs. The UAV operation includes a mission planning and control site (MPCS) and a launch and recovery site (LRS). Tactile UAVs are widely utilized for detection, classification, identification, disruption, surveillance, and reconnaissance missions. They assist in communicating possible hazards, monitoring locations, notifying threatening conditions, investigating accidents, providing tactile surveillance and monitoring large crowds. As a result, tactile UAVs finds extensive applications across military, commercial, civil and law enforcement activities.

Tactical UAV Market Trends:

The increasing incidences of terrorist activities and cross-border agitation across the globe are driving the growth of the market. Tactile UAVs are also used in light rain conditions to detect, notify threatening conditions and monitor locations. In line with this, the widespread product utilization for live video and snapshots in short-range strategic missions and special purpose integrated remote intelligence terminal (SPIRIT) is augmenting the market growth. Furthermore, various technological advancements, such as the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and hypersonic propulsion with tactical UAV systems to remotely control the device, collect, and implement visual and environmental data, are providing an impetus to the market growth. Additionally, the development of advanced electronic warfare capabilities, such as radio, radar and infrared signals to protect, communicate and sense activities are positively impacting the market growth. Other factors, including the increasing demand for high-altitude long-endurance (HALE) unmanned aerial vehicles and extensive research and development (R&D) activities, are anticipated to drive the market further toward growth.

Key Market Segmentation:

IMARC Group provides an analysis of the key trends in each sub-segment of the global tactical UAV market report, along with forecasts at the global, regional and country levels from 2024-2032. Our report has categorized the market based on type and application.

Breakup by Type:

Close-Range

Short-Range

Medium-Range

Medium-Range Endurance

Low-Altitude Deep Penetration

Low-Altitude Long-Endurance

Breakup by Application:

Military

Law Enforcement

Others

Breakup by Region:

North America

United States

Canada

Asia-Pacific

China

Japan

India

South Korea

Australia

Indonesia

Others

Europe

Germany

France

United Kingdom

Italy

Spain

Russia

Others

Latin America

Brazil

Mexico

Others

Middle East and Africa

Competitive Landscape:

The competitive landscape of the industry has also been examined along with the profiles of the key players being Aeronautics Ltd. (Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd.), AeroVironment Inc., BAYKAR Technology, Elbit Systems Ltd., General Atomics, Israel Aerospace Industries, Lockheed Martin Corporation, Northrop Grumman Corporation, Saab AB, Safran S.A., Textron Inc. and The Boeing Company.

Key Questions Answered in This Report

  • 1. What was the size of the global tactical UAV market in 2023?
  • 2. What is the expected growth rate of the global tactical UAV market during 2024-2032?
  • 3. What has been the impact of COVID-19 on the global tactical UAV market?
  • 4. What are the key factors driving the global tactical UAV market?
  • 5. What is the breakup of the global tactical UAV market based on application?
  • 6. What are the key regions in the global tactical UAV market?
  • 7. Who are the key players/companies in the global tactical UAV market?

Table of Contents

1 Preface

2 Scope and Methodology

  • 2.1 Objectives of the Study
  • 2.2 Stakeholders
  • 2.3 Data Sources
    • 2.3.1 Primary Sources
    • 2.3.2 Secondary Sources
  • 2.4 Market Estimation
    • 2.4.1 Bottom-Up Approach
    • 2.4.2 Top-Down Approach
  • 2.5 Forecasting Methodology

3 Executive Summary

4 Introduction

  • 4.1 Overview
  • 4.2 Key Industry Trends

5 Global Tactical UAV Market

  • 5.1 Market Overview
  • 5.2 Market Performance
  • 5.3 Impact of COVID-19
  • 5.4 Market Forecast

6 Market Breakup by Type

  • 6.1 Close-Range
    • 6.1.1 Market Trends
    • 6.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 6.2 Short-Range
    • 6.2.1 Market Trends
    • 6.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 6.3 Medium-Range
    • 6.3.1 Market Trends
    • 6.3.2 Market Forecast
  • 6.4 Medium-Range Endurance
    • 6.4.1 Market Trends
    • 6.4.2 Market Forecast
  • 6.5 Low-Altitude Deep Penetration
    • 6.5.1 Market Trends
    • 6.5.2 Market Forecast
  • 6.6 Low-Altitude Long-Endurance
    • 6.6.1 Market Trends
    • 6.6.2 Market Forecast

7 Market Breakup by Application

  • 7.1 Military
    • 7.1.1 Market Trends
    • 7.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 7.2 Law Enforcement
    • 7.2.1 Market Trends
    • 7.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 7.3 Others
    • 7.3.1 Market Trends
    • 7.3.2 Market Forecast

8 Market Breakup by Region

  • 8.1 North America
    • 8.1.1 United States
      • 8.1.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.1.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.1.2 Canada
      • 8.1.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.1.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.2 Asia-Pacific
    • 8.2.1 China
      • 8.2.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.2 Japan
      • 8.2.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.3 India
      • 8.2.3.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.3.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.4 South Korea
      • 8.2.4.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.4.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.5 Australia
      • 8.2.5.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.5.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.6 Indonesia
      • 8.2.6.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.6.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.7 Others
      • 8.2.7.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.7.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.3 Europe
    • 8.3.1 Germany
      • 8.3.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.2 France
      • 8.3.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.3 United Kingdom
      • 8.3.3.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.3.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.4 Italy
      • 8.3.4.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.4.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.5 Spain
      • 8.3.5.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.5.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.6 Russia
      • 8.3.6.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.6.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.7 Others
      • 8.3.7.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.7.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.4 Latin America
    • 8.4.1 Brazil
      • 8.4.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.4.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.4.2 Mexico
      • 8.4.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.4.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.4.3 Others
      • 8.4.3.1 Market Trends
      • 8.4.3.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.5 Middle East and Africa
    • 8.5.1 Market Trends
    • 8.5.2 Market Breakup by Country
    • 8.5.3 Market Forecast

9 SWOT Analysis

  • 9.1 Overview
  • 9.2 Strengths
  • 9.3 Weaknesses
  • 9.4 Opportunities
  • 9.5 Threats

10 Value Chain Analysis

11 Porters Five Forces Analysis

  • 11.1 Overview
  • 11.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
  • 11.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
  • 11.4 Degree of Competition
  • 11.5 Threat of New Entrants
  • 11.6 Threat of Substitutes

12 Price Analysis

13 Competitive Landscape

  • 13.1 Market Structure
  • 13.2 Key Players
  • 13.3 Profiles of Key Players
    • 13.3.1 Aeronautics Ltd. (Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd.)
      • 13.3.1.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.1.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.2 AeroVironment Inc.
      • 13.3.2.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.2.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.2.3 Financials
      • 13.3.2.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.3 BAYKAR Technology
      • 13.3.3.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.3.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.4 Elbit Systems Ltd.
      • 13.3.4.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.4.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.4.3 Financials
    • 13.3.5 General Atomics
      • 13.3.5.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.5.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.6 Israel Aerospace Industries
      • 13.3.6.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.6.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.7 Lockheed Martin Corporation
      • 13.3.7.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.7.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.7.3 Financials
      • 13.3.7.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.8 Northrop Grumman Corporation
      • 13.3.8.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.8.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.8.3 Financials
      • 13.3.8.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.9 Saab AB
      • 13.3.9.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.9.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.9.3 Financials
      • 13.3.9.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.10 Safran S.A.
      • 13.3.10.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.10.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.10.3 Financials
      • 13.3.10.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.11 Textron Inc.
      • 13.3.11.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.11.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.11.3 Financials
    • 13.3.12 The Boeing Company
      • 13.3.12.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.12.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.12.3 Financials
      • 13.3.12.4 SWOT Analysis