電気自動車における石油・ガス部門の戦略

主要石油・ガス企業は、EV市場の拡大による需要を満たすためにEV充電ステーションへの投資を拡大し、長期的な収益性を維持するために資産の多様化を図っています。

世界がネットゼロ目標の達成を競う中、官民部門がともに代替のソリューションを見つけ、革新的技術に投資する必要に迫られています。輸送部門の環境に対する影響は大きいため、この部門による排出を軽減する代替燃料ソリューションが求められています。代替燃料自動車の中で急成長しているのはバッテリー電気自動車（BEV）で、EVとも呼ばれます。EVの成長に伴い、それぞれの充電インフラも拡大する必要があり、さまざまな部門の企業がこの需要の増加に対応するために関与する必要があります。排出削減を求める政府や環境からの圧力に加え、長期的な収益性に対する懸念が高まっているため、石油・ガス企業は適応し、投資を多様化しなければならなくなっています。代替投資の手段の1つがEV充電ステーションであり、これは既存の資産、すなわちガソリンスタンドと合致するためです。EV充電ステーションにもっとも投資している石油企業は、Shell、TotalEnergies、BP、Eniです。遅い開発でその後に続いているのが、Repsol、Pkn Orlen、Petronas、Chevron、Phillips 66です。しかし、すべての大手石油企業がEV充電インフラへの参入を決めたわけではなく、Exxon Mobil、Valero、Conoco Phillipsがそうです。2030年以降、燃料需要の減少が予測されるため、この決定は将来の業績に悪影響を及ぼす可能性があります。

主なハイライト

世界の燃料需要はCOVID-19前のレベルには戻らず、2025年～2030年に成長が停滞します。

ShellとTotalEnergiesは55,000カ所以上の充電ステーションを稼働させており、今後数年間にネットワークを拡大する野心的な計画を立てています。

BPとEniは後れを取っていますが、広い範囲をカバーしており、充電ネットワークを2倍以上に拡大する計画を発表しています。

すべての大手石油企業がEV充電の部門に進出することを決めたわけではなく、特にExxon MobileとValeroの2社はこの技術には関与しないとコメントしています。

ShellとBPは、クリーンエネルギー投資に設備投資のごく一部を費やしており、石油・ガスからすぐに撤退する可能性は低いことを市場に示しています。次のデータは、各社の持続可能な技術への投資が化石燃料に比べていかに小さいかを知るのに役立ちます。

一部の主要石油企業は、EV充電インフラに投資しており、合計15のプロジェクトがあります。そのうち4件が完了、8件が計画中、3件が建設中です。

当レポートでは、石油・ガス業界について調査分析し、EVにおけるエネルギー転換技術の市場動向と今後数十年間の燃料需要、石油・ガス業界内の技術採用率、主要企業の投資状況などの情報を提供しています。

目次

エグゼクティブサマリー

• 輸送部門の影響
• CO2排出の内訳：部門別
• 石油需要の内訳：部門別
• エネルギー転換と持続可能なモビリティ
• EV売上の成長
• EVとLVの売上の比較
• EV充電インフラの成長 - 英国のケーススタディ
• 石油・ガス企業の戦略
• 石油・ガス企業は適応の必要性に直面
• 世界の燃料需要：実績と予測
• 石油企業のEV充電インフラへの関与のスナップショット
• 企業ランキング：テーマスコアカード
• 企業ランキング：エネルギー移行スコアカード
• 戦略の内訳：企業別
• 大手石油企業はEV充電インフラに無関心
• 製油所の処理能力予測の内訳：企業別
• 設備投資の比較：再生可能エネルギー vs. 化石燃料
• シェルとBPの再生可能エネルギーへの設備投資とその他の投資の内訳
• 設備投資配分の評価
• スマートグリッド
• エネルギー転換とEV充電インフラを支えるスマートグリッドの役割
• スマートグリッドEV充電インフラに関与する石油・ガス企業とプロジェクトの詳細

List of Tables

• Global Fuel Demand: History and Projections
• Snapshot of oil and gas companies' involvement in EV charging infrastructure
• Company Rankings: Themes Scorecard
• Company Rankings: Energy Transition Ranking for O&G Companies
• Big Oil Companies Uninvolved in EV Charging Infrastructure
• Refinery Capacity Projections (mbd) per Company
• Big Oil Companies and Smart Grids: Project Breakdown

List of Figures

• CO2 Global Emissions by Sector, 1990-2020
• Demand of Petroleum Products (mbd), 2018-2030
• Global BEV Sale History (2018-2023)
• Global BEV Sale Forecast (2024-2035)
• Global Sale Forecast for EVs versus BEVs (2024-2028)
• Transportation sector fuel demand (mbd), 2000-2030
• Operational EV Charging Stations as of March 2024
• North America fuel demand (mbd) projections, 2024-2030
• Shell Total Capex 2023
• BP Total Capex 2023

Major oil and gas companies expand their investments to EV charging stations to meet the demand due to the growing EV market and diversify their assets to remain profitable long-term.

As the world races to meet net zero targets, both public and private sectors are having to find alternative solutions and invest in innovative technologies. The high impact the transportation sector has on the environment has led to a hunt for alternative fuel solutions in order to mitigate the volume of emissions produced by this sector. A type of alternative fuel vehicle that has been growing rapidly is battery electric vehicles (BEVs), also referred to as EVs. With the growth of EVs, their respective charging infrastructure has had to expand as well, calling for companies across multiple sectors to get involved and help meet the growing demand. Due to governmental and environmental pressures to reduce their emissions, as well as growing concerns about long-term profitability, O&G companies have had to adapt and diversify their investments. One of their avenues for alternative investments is EV charging stations, as they align with their pre-existing assets, i.e. gas stations. The oil companies that have been investing in EV charging stations the most are: Shell, TotalEnergies, BP, and Eni. Following them but with slower developments are: Repsol, Pkn Orlen, Petronas, Chevron, and Phillips 66. However, not all big oil companies have decided to branch out to EV charging infrastructure, namely: Exxon Mobil, Valero, and Conoco Phillips. This decision may have negative repercussions on their financial performance in the future, given the predicted decrease in demand for fuel from 2030 onwards.

Key Highlights

Global fuel demand is not set to return to pre-COVID-19 levels with growth becoming stagnant between 2025 to 2030.

Shell and TotalEnergies share first place with over 55,000 operational charging stations, with equally ambitious plans to expand their network in the upcoming years.

BP and Eni are just behind them, but still share a wide reach and have announced plans to more than double their charging network.

Not all big oil companies have decided to branch out into the EV charging space, with two companies specifically commenting that they will remain uninvolved with this technology: Exxon Mobile and Valero.

Shell and BP spent a fraction of their capex on clean energy investments and have signaled to the market that they are unlikely to pivot away from oil and gas any time soon. The following data helps gain perspective on how comparatively small the companies' investments in sustainable technologies are, compared to fossil fuels.

Some of the major oil companies have been investing in EV charging infrastructure, with a total of 15 projects: 4 completed, 8 planned, and 3 under construction.

Scope

• Overview of CO2 emission rates by the transportation industry.
• Growth of EV sales as a measure to decarbonize the transportation industry.
• Growth of EV sales leads to a need to expand EV charging infrastructure.
• Major oil and gas companies invest in EV charging infrastructure to match this need.
• Major oil and gas companies invest in EV charging infrastructure to diversify their assets due to a forecast decrease in fuel demand in the upcoming decade.
• Analysis of which major oil companies are expanding in EV charging technologies and which are not.
• Overview of the role smart grids play in EV charging infrastructure.
• Overview of which major oil companies are investing in smart grids for EV charging infrastructure.

Reasons to Buy

• Identify the market trends of energy transition technologies within EVs, more specifically EV charging stations, as well as fuel demands in the upcoming decades.
• Develop market insight into current technology adoption rates within the oil and gas industry.
• Identify major oil and gas companies most active with investment and infrastructure expansion in EV charging technologies, as well as companies that are not expanding in this sector.

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

• Overview

Executive summary

• The Impact of the Transportation Sector
• CO2 emissions' breakdown by sector
• Petroleum demand breakdown by sector
• Energy Transition and Sustainable Mobility
• Growth in EV sales
• Comparison of EV and LV sales
• Growth in EV charging infrastructure - UK case study
• Oil and Gas Companies' Strategies
• O&G companies face the need to adapt
• Global fuel demand: history and projections
• Snapshot of oil companies' involvement in EV charging infrastructure
• Company rankings: themes scorecard
• Company rankings: energy transition scorecard
• Strategy breakdown per individual company
• Big oil companies uninvolved in EV charging infrastructure
• Refinery capacity projection breakdown per company
• Capex Comparison: Renewable Energy vs Fossil Fuels
• Breakdown of Shell and BP's capex for renewables versus other investments
• Assessment of capex allocation
• Smart Grids
• Smart grids' role in supporting energy transition and EV charging infrastructure
• O&G companies involved in smart grid EV charging infrastructure and project breakdown