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表紙：低活動膀胱治療の世界市場-2023年～2030年
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1352131

低活動膀胱治療の世界市場-2023年～2030年

Global Underactive Bladder Treatment Market - 2023-2030
出版日: | 発行: DataM Intelligence | ページ情報: 英文 195 Pages | 納期: 約2営業日

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低活動膀胱治療の世界市場-2023年～2030年
出版日: 2023年09月27日
発行: DataM Intelligence
ページ情報: 英文 195 Pages
納期: 約2営業日
ご注意事項 :
本レポートは最新情報反映のため適宜更新し、内容構成変更を行う場合があります。ご検討の際はお問い合わせください。
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  • 概要
  • 目次
概要

概要

遺伝学やバイオマーカー研究の進歩による個別化医療へのシフトといった動向が、標的治療の市場開拓を可能にし、世界の低活動膀胱治療市場を独占すると予測されます。

世界の低活動膀胱治療市場は近年大きく成長しており、今後も増加傾向が続くと予測されます。市場は、非薬物療法へのシフトなどいくつかの重要な動向の影響を受け、変革期を迎えています。

さらに、糖尿病有病率の上昇、高齢化人口の増加、多発性硬化症やパーキンソン病などの神経疾患の有病率の上昇、臨床試験の増加などが、低活動膀胱治療市場規模を押し上げています。低活動膀胱治療のアプローチを用いた疾患治療のための研究活動の増加、確立されたバイオ医薬品および製薬企業の存在は、サノフィ、Wellona Pharma、Accord-UK Ltd、AbbVie、その他のような重要な競合他社が市場で活発に活動している北米地域の需要促進要因の一部です。

ダイナミクス

高齢者人口の増加が低活動膀胱治療市場の成長を牽引

高齢者人口の増加が、低活動膀胱治療市場の需要を牽引すると予想されます。低活動膀胱と低活動膀胱の両疾患は、加齢とともに蔓延し、膀胱を空にする機能の低下をもたらし、高齢化社会における罹患率の増加、生活の質の低下、医療費の増大の原因となっています。

例えば、世界保健機関（WHO）の2022年報告によると、2030年までに世界の6人に1人が60歳以上になるとされています。この時点で、60歳以上の人口は2020年の10億人から14億人に増加します。さらに2050年には、世界の60歳以上の人口は倍増する（21億人）。

2020年から2050年の間に、80歳以上の人口は3倍に増え、4,260億人に達すると予想されています。高齢者人口の増加に伴い、効果的な治療法に対する需要が起こる可能性が高いです。従って、上記の要因から、予測期間中、市場は牽引役となることが期待されます。

神経疾患の有病率の増加が低活動膀胱治療市場の成長を促進する

神経疾患の有病率の増加は、多発性硬化症やパーキンソン病の有病率の増加により、低活動膀胱市場を牽引すると予想されます。例えば、世界保健機関（WHO）の2023年報告書によると、パーキンソン病（PD）は過去25年間で2倍以上に増加しています。2019年には、世界中で850万人以上がパーキンソン病に罹患していると推定されています。

排尿機能障害は、切迫感、頻尿、膀胱が空にならないなどの問題を含むパーキンソン病によって引き起こされる可能性があります。パーキンソン病は、尿を溜めたり空にしたりする膀胱を支配する神経に影響を及ぼすため、パーキンソン病の結果として排尿異常が起こります。膀胱の信号が適切に機能しない場合に排尿の変化が起こる可能性があります。

さらに、膀胱の問題は、尿の貯蔵と排出を含む両方の領域で発生する可能性があり、膀胱の排出障害は、パーキンソン病における排尿機能障害の中ではあまり一般的ではありませんが、依然として懸念される部分です。したがって、上記の要因によって、予測期間中、この市場が優位を占めると予想されます。

尿路膀胱障害に対処するための研究資金の増加が、尿路低活動膀胱治療市場の成長を促進する

尿崩症膀胱治療市場は、尿崩症膀胱障害の管理に向けた投資の増加により拡大が見込まれています。例えば、2023年1月に発行されたフロリダ国際大学のニュース記事によると、研究者は下部尿路障害の治療を変革する可能性のある計算モデルを作成するために資金を使用していると述べています。この研究は、国立衛生研究所から5年間で300万米ドルという多額の資金援助を受けています。

さらに、このモデルを通じて、神経系と尿路の複雑なつながりを明らかにしたいと考えています。彼らの主な焦点は、治療法の選択肢が少ない下部尿路の一般的な問題である、低活動膀胱による問題への対処です。

これらの低活動膀胱は、加齢、神経疾患、パーキンソン病など、さまざまな状況の結果として生じます。研究チームは、特定の神経に標的電気刺激を与えることによって、正常な膀胱機能を回復させることを目指しています。このように、上記の要因によって、非侵襲的で侵襲性の低い効果的な治療法の開発が促進され、予測期間中の市場を牽引することになります。

低活動膀胱治療薬に伴う副作用が市場の成長を妨げる

低活動膀胱治療薬に関連する潜在的な副作用は、大きな抑制要因になると予想されます。これらの副作用は薬によって大きく異なります。例えば、過活動膀胱の治療に一般的に使用されますが、低活動膀胱にも適用可能な抗コリン薬は、口渇や便秘などの典型的な副作用を引き起こす可能性があります。

さらに、過活動膀胱の治療に使われるもう一つの薬であるデュロキセチンは、吐き気、口渇、めまい、便秘、不眠、疲労感を引き起こすことがあります。したがって、薬剤に関連する副作用のために、予測期間中、低活動膀胱治療薬市場の妨げになると予想されます。

目次

第1章 調査手法と調査範囲

第2章 定義と概要

第3章 エグゼクティブサマリー

第4章 市場力学

  • 影響要因
    • 促進要因
      • 高齢者人口の増加
      • 神経疾患の有病率の増加
      • 膀胱障害に対処するための研究資金の増加
    • 抑制要因
      • 低活動膀胱治療薬に伴う副作用
    • 機会
      • 個別化医療への需要の高まり
    • 影響分析

第5章 産業分析

  • ポーターのファイブフォース分析
  • サプライチェーン分析
  • 価格分析
  • 規制分析

第6章 COVID-19分析

第7章 治療タイプ別

  • 薬物療法
    • α遮断薬
    • コリンエステラーゼ阻害薬
    • ムスカリン作動薬
    • プロスタグランジンE2
    • アコチアミド
  • 外科的方法
    • 仙骨神経刺激-電気刺激
    • その他
  • 幹細胞・遺伝子治療

第8章 投与経路別

  • 経口
  • 非経口
  • その他

第9章 流通チャネル別

  • 病院薬局
  • 小売薬局
  • オンライン薬局

第10章 地域別

  • 北米
    • 米国
    • カナダ
    • メキシコ
  • 欧州
    • ドイツ
    • 英国
    • フランス
    • スペイン
    • イタリア
    • その他欧州
  • 南米
    • ブラジル
    • アルゼンチン
    • その他南米
  • アジア太平洋
    • 中国
    • インド
    • 日本
    • オーストラリア
    • その他アジア太平洋
  • 中東・アフリカ

第11章 競合情勢

  • 競合シナリオ
  • 市況/シェア分析
  • M&A分析

第12章 企業プロファイル

  • Sanofi
    • 企業概要
    • 製品ポートフォリオと説明
    • 財務概要
    • 主な動向
  • Wellona Pharma
  • Accord-UK Ltd
  • AbbVie
  • Bausch Health Companies Inc.
  • Eclat Pharmaceuticals, L.L.C.
  • Chemo Biological
  • Alvogen
  • Hikma Pharmaceuticals PLC
  • Camber Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

第13章 付録

目次
Product Code: PH6888

Overview

The trend such as the shift towards personalized medicine due to its advances in genetics and biomarker research enables in development of targeted therapies is expected to dominate the global underactive bladder treatment market.

The global underactive bladder treatment market has grown significantly in recent years and is projected to continue on its upward trend. The market is undergoing a transformational period, influenced by several significant trends such shift towards non-pharmacological treatments.

Furthermore, the rising prevalence of diabetes, increasing aging population, growing prevalence of neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis and parkinson's disease, increasing number of clinical trials are driving up the underactive bladder treatment market size. The growing research activities for treating disease using underactive bladder treatment approach and presence of establish biopharmaceutical and pharmaceutical companies are some of the factors in demand from North America regions with significant competitors like Sanofi, Wellona Pharma, Accord-UK Ltd, AbbVie, and others actively operating in the market.

Dynamics

The Rising Geriatric Population to Drive the Growth of the Underactive Bladder Treatment Market

The growing number of elderly population is expected to drive the demand for underactive bladder treatment market. Both overactive and underactive bladder disorders become more prevalent with aging, result in a reduction in bladder emptying, and are responsible for increased morbidity, reduced quality of life, and rising healthcare expenses in an aging population.

For instance, according to World Health Organization 2022 report, 1 out of 6 people in the world will be aged 60 years or over by 2030. At this point, the population aged 60 and up will climb from 1 billion in 2020 to 1.4 billion. Moreover by 2050, the world's population of persons aged 60 and up will have doubled (2.1 billion).

Between 2020 and 2050, the number of people aged 80 and more is expected to treble, reaching 426 billion. As geriatric population increases the demand for effective treatments is likely to happen. Thus, owing to the above factors the market is expected to drive over the forecast period.

The Growing Prevalence of Neurological Disorders will Drive the Underactive Bladder Treatment Market Growth

The growing prevalence of neurological conditions is expected to drive the underactive bladder market due to higher prevalence of multiple sclerosis, and parkinson's disease. For instance, according to World Health Organization 2023 report, parkinson's disease (PD) has more than doubled in the previous 25 years. In 2019, more than 8.5 million people were estimated to be affected by parkinson's disease worldwide.

Urinary dysfunction can be caused by parkinson's disease, including issues with urgency, frequency, and trouble emptying the bladder. Urinary abnormalities occur as a result of parkinson's disease because the disease affects the nerves that control the bladder, which holds and empties urine. Urinary changes might occur when bladder signals are not working properly.

Moreover, bladder problems may occur in both areas, including urine storage and emptying, and bladder emptying impairment is a less common but still concerning part of urinary dysfunction in parkinson's. Thus, owing to the above factors the market is expected to dominate the market over the forecast period.

The Rise in Funding for Research to Combact with Urinary Bladder Problems will Drive the Underactive Bladder Treatment Market Growth

The underactive bladder treatment market is expected to expand due to increased investment committed toward managing urinary bladder disorders. For instance, according to Florida International University news article punlished on January 2023, states that researchers are using the funds to create a computational model that has the potential to transform treatments for lower urinary tract disorders. The study has received a significant $3 million funding from the National Institutes of Health for a period of five years.

Furthermore, through this model, they want to identify the complicated connections between the neurological system and the urinary tract. Their primary focus is on addressing the issues caused by underactive bladders, a common lower urinary tract problem with few therapeutic choices.

These underactive bladders occur because of a result of a variety of circumstances, including aging, neurological diseases, and Parkinson's disease. The team aims to restore normal bladder function by using targeted electric stimulation of certain nerves. Thus, owing to the above factors will help to develop innotive, less invasive and effective treatment to drive the market over the forecast period.

The Side Effects Associated with the Underactive Bladder Drugs Will Hamper the Growth of the Market

The potential side effects associated with the medication for underactive bladder treatment is expected to face a major restraint. These adverse effects can vary greatly depending on the medicine. Anticholinergic medicines, for example, which are commonly used to treat overactive bladder but are also applicable to underactive bladder, can cause typical side effects such as dry mouth and constipation.

Furthermore, another medicine used to treat overactive bladder, duloxetine, can cause nausea, dry mouth, dizziness, constipation, insomnia, and fatigue. Therefore, owing to the side effects associated with drugs is expected to hampered the underactive bladder treatment market over the forecast period.

Segment Analysis

The global underactive bladder treatment market is segmented based on treatment type, route of administration, distribution channel and region.

Owing to the Wide Range of Options, the Pharmacotherapy Segment Accounted for Approximately 37.6% of the Underactive Bladder Treatment Market Share

In treatment type, the pharmacotherapy segment is expected to dominate the market, due to wide range of treatment choices contributing to its significance. Alpha-blockers, cholinesterase inhibitors, muscarinic agonists (such as bethanechol and carbachol), prostaglandin E2, and acotiamide are examples of these choices. These treatments address numerous underlying causes, giving patients a wide range of options for effective treatment.

Among this alpha blocker is widely used drug because of its larger impact on underactive bladder (UAB) treatment, particularly in patients with chronic bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). This effect extends to older people, particularly those with enlarged prostates, where Alpha-blockers relieve BOO-related symptoms and improve bladder emptying in cases of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction and benign prostatic hyperplasia. The aplha blocker efficiency is also visible in females with voiding issues and subnormal maximal voiding velocities. A study found that combining Alpha-blockers with cholinergic medicines improved efficacy.

According to the EAU guidelines, alpha-blockers (tamsulosin, silodosin, and naftopidil) are useful medicines in patients with bladder outflow resistance, PVR, and autonomic dysreflexia. As a result, alpha-blockers should be examined for the initial phase in patients with chronic retention and UAB. Thus, due to wider options and effectiveness the segment is expected to dominate over the forecast period.

Geographical Penetration

North America Accounted for Approximately 39.2% of the Market Share in 2022, Owing to the Rising Prevalence of Diabetes

North America, particularly the U.S., dominates the global underactive bladder treatment market due to growing prevalence of diabetes, and high research activities by major organization in the region. Diabetes can cause bladder dysfunction, including both overactive and underactive bladder. Urination dysfunction has long been a problem associated with diabetes, and bladder problems can often be more severe in people with diabetes.

For instance, according to American Diabetes Association report of 2022, approximately 37.3 million Americans, or 11.3% of the population had diabetes in 2019. About 283,000 people aging below 20 were diagnosed with diabetes in America. Furthermore, every year 1.4 million Americans are diagnosed with diabetes. Thus, owing to above factors the region is expected to grow over the forecast period.

Competitive Landscape

The major global players in the underactive bladder treatment market include Sanofi, Wellona Pharma, Accord-UK Ltd, AbbVie, Bausch Health Companies Inc., Eclat Pharmaceuticals, L.L.C., Chemo Biological, Alvogen, Hikma Pharmaceuticals PLC, Camber Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and among others.

COVID-19 Impact Analysis

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the underactive bladder treatment market since it has the potential to interfere with lower urinary tract function, resulting in underactive bladder as an outcome. COVID-19 has been linked to incomplete bladder emptying, urine retention, and higher bladder compliance in studies. While information on irritative urine symptoms is equivocal, survivors may experience respiratory muscle deficits that affect pelvic floor muscles.

Medical practitioners emphasize that COVID-19 has an effect on several internal systems, including the bladder, with symptoms such as fatigue and swelling noted. As a result of the pandemic's impact on underactive bladder, persons having urine symptoms post-COVID-19 require early medical attention, demanding extensive medical programs to address the virus's consequences on urological health.

By Treatment Type

  • Pharmacotherapy
    • Alpha-blockers
    • Cholinesterase inhibitors
    • Muscarinic agonists
    • Prostaglandin E2
    • Acotiamide
  • Surgical Methods
    • Sacral nerve stimulation-electrical stimulation
    • Others
  • Stem Cell and Gene Therapies

By Route of Administration

  • Oral
  • Parenteral
  • Others

By Distribution Channel

  • Hospital Pharmacies
  • Retail Pharmacies
  • Online Pharmacies

By Region

  • North America
    • U.S.
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • U.K.
    • France
    • Spain
    • Italy
    • Rest of Europe
  • South America
    • Brazil
    • Argentina
    • Rest of South America
  • Asia-Pacific
    • China
    • India
    • Japan
    • Australia
    • Rest of Asia-Pacific
  • Middle East and Africa

Key Developments

  • On January 10, 2023, Florida International Univeristy (FIU) received $3 million NIH grant to research on how electric stimulation can solve bladder issues. The researchers want to understand how electric stimulation of certain specific nerves could help people struggling with underactive bladders.

DMI Opinion

The global underactive bladder treatment market is expected to grow over the forecast period. An essential growing component for the growth is trend toward personalized medicine, which is being driven by genetics and biomarker research. Non-pharmacological treatments, as well as factors such as rising diabetes prevalence, aging population, neurological disorders, and expanded clinical studies, are driving the market's growth.

Additionally, funding for computational models at Florida International University emphasizes innovation. Potential pharmacological side effects, on the other hand, limit growth. The expanding elderly population and the rising number of neurological diseases both contribute to the market's growth. Sanofi, Wellona Pharma, and AbbVie are all active competitors. Notably, the effect of COVID-19 on underactive bladder emphasizes the importance of holistic healthcare interventions.

Why Purchase the Report?

  • To visualize the global underactive bladder treatment market segmentation based on treatment type, route of administration, distribution channel and region as well as understand key commercial assets and players.
  • Identify commercial opportunities by analyzing trends and co-development.
  • Excel data sheet with numerous data points of underactive bladder treatment market-level with all segments.
  • PDF report consists of a comprehensive analysis after exhaustive qualitative interviews and an in-depth study.
  • Product mapping is available in excel consisting of key products of all the major players.

The global underactive bladder treatment market report would provide approximately 53 tables, 54 figures and 195 Pages.

Target Audience 2023

  • Manufacturers/ Buyers
  • Industry Investors/Investment Bankers
  • Research Professionals
  • Emerging Companies

Table of Contents

1. Methodology and Scope

  • 1.1. Research Methodology
  • 1.2. Research Objective and Scope of the Report

2. Definition and Overview

3. Executive Summary

  • 3.1. Snippet by Treatment Type
  • 3.2. Snippet by Route of Administration
  • 3.3. Snippet by Distribution Channel
  • 3.4. Snippet by Region

4. Dynamics

  • 4.1. Impacting Factors
    • 4.1.1. Drivers
      • 4.1.1.1. The Rising Geriatric Population
      • 4.1.1.2. The Growing Prevalence of Neurological Disorders
      • 4.1.1.3. The Rise in Funding for Research to Combat with Urinary Bladder Problems
    • 4.1.2. Restraints
      • 4.1.2.1. The Side Effects Associated with the Underactive Bladder Drugs
    • 4.1.3. Opportunity
      • 4.1.3.1. Increasing Demand for Personalized Medicine
    • 4.1.4. Impact Analysis

5. Industry Analysis

  • 5.1. Porter's 5 Forces Analysis
  • 5.2. Supply Chain Analysis
  • 5.3. Pricing Analysis
  • 5.4. Regulatory Analysis

6. COVID-19 Analysis

  • 6.1. Analysis of COVID-19
    • 6.1.1. Scenario Before COVID-19
    • 6.1.2. Scenario During COVID-19
    • 6.1.3. Scenario Post COVID-19
  • 6.2. Pricing Dynamics Amid COVID-19
  • 6.3. Demand-Supply Spectrum
  • 6.4. Government Initiatives Related to the Market During Pandemic
  • 6.5. Manufacturers Strategic Initiatives
  • 6.6. Conclusion

7. By Treatment Type

  • 7.1. Introduction
    • 7.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Treatment Type
    • 7.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Treatment Type
  • 7.2. Pharmacotherapy*
    • 7.2.1. Introduction
    • 7.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
      • 7.2.2.1. Alpha-blockers
      • 7.2.2.2. Cholinesterase inhibitors
      • 7.2.2.3. Muscarinic agonists
      • 7.2.2.4. Prostaglandin E2
      • 7.2.2.5. Acotiamide
  • 7.3. Surgical Methods
    • 7.3.1. Sacral nerve stimulation-electrical stimulation
    • 7.3.2. Others
  • 7.4. Stem Cell and Gene Therapies

8. By Route of Administration

  • 8.1. Introduction
    • 8.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Route of Administration
    • 8.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Route of Administration
  • 8.2. Oral*
    • 8.2.1. Introduction
    • 8.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
  • 8.3. Parenteral
  • 8.4. Others

9. By Distribution Channel

  • 9.1. Introduction
    • 9.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Distribution Channel
    • 9.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Distribution Channel
  • 9.2. Hospitals Pharmacies*
    • 9.2.1. Introduction
    • 9.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
  • 9.3. Retail Pharmacies
  • 9.4. Online Pharmacies

10. By Region

  • 10.1. Introduction
    • 10.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Region
    • 10.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Region
  • 10.2. North America
    • 10.2.1. Introduction
    • 10.2.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.2.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Treatment Type
    • 10.2.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Route of Administration
    • 10.2.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Distribution Channel
    • 10.2.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 10.2.6.1. U.S.
      • 10.2.6.2. Canada
      • 10.2.6.3. Mexico
  • 10.3. Europe
    • 10.3.1. Introduction
    • 10.3.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.3.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Treatment Type
    • 10.3.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Route of Administration
    • 10.3.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Distribution Channel
    • 10.3.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 10.3.6.1. Germany
      • 10.3.6.2. U.K.
      • 10.3.6.3. France
      • 10.3.6.4. Spain
      • 10.3.6.5. Italy
      • 10.3.6.6. Rest of Europe
  • 10.4. South America
    • 10.4.1. Introduction
    • 10.4.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.4.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Treatment Type
    • 10.4.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Route of Administration
    • 10.4.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Distribution Channel
    • 10.4.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 10.4.6.1. Brazil
      • 10.4.6.2. Argentina
      • 10.4.6.3. Rest of South America
  • 10.5. Asia-Pacific
    • 10.5.1. Introduction
    • 10.5.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.5.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Treatment Type
    • 10.5.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Route of Administration
    • 10.5.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Distribution Channel
    • 10.5.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 10.5.6.1. China
      • 10.5.6.2. India
      • 10.5.6.3. Japan
      • 10.5.6.4. Australia
      • 10.5.6.5. Rest of Asia-Pacific
  • 10.6. Middle East and Africa
    • 10.6.1. Introduction
    • 10.6.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 10.6.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Treatment Type
    • 10.6.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Route of Administration
    • 10.6.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Distribution Channel

11. Competitive Landscape

  • 11.1. Competitive Scenario
  • 11.2. Market Positioning/Share Analysis
  • 11.3. Mergers and Acquisitions Analysis

12. Company Profiles

  • 12.1. Sanofi*
    • 12.1.1. Company Overview
    • 12.1.2. Product Portfolio and Description
    • 12.1.3. Financial Overview
    • 12.1.4. Key Developments
  • 12.2. Wellona Pharma
  • 12.3. Accord-UK Ltd
  • 12.4. AbbVie
  • 12.5. Bausch Health Companies Inc.
  • 12.6. Eclat Pharmaceuticals, L.L.C.
  • 12.7. Chemo Biological
  • 12.8. Alvogen
  • 12.9. Hikma Pharmaceuticals PLC
  • 12.10. Camber Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

LIST NOT EXHAUSTIVE

13. Appendix

  • 13.1. About Us and Services
  • 13.2. Contact Us