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市場調査レポート
商品コード
1620861
コカイン使用障害 - 市場考察、疫学、市場予測(2034年)Cocaine Use Disorder - Market Insight, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast - 2034 |
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カスタマイズ可能
適宜更新あり
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コカイン使用障害 - 市場考察、疫学、市場予測(2034年) |
出版日: 2024年12月01日
発行: DelveInsight
ページ情報: 英文 131 Pages
納期: 2~10営業日
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市場
STALICLA、Embera NeuroTherapeuticsなど、少数の主要企業がコカイン使用障害の治療情勢をリードしています。国別と治療法別の市場規模の詳細は以下の通りです。
現在、コカイン依存症やCUDの治療薬として承認されているものはありませんが、コカイン中毒に関与するプロセスの解明が近年進み、研究者らは有望な新薬候補をいくつか同定しています。グループカウンセリング、個別薬剤カウンセリング、認知行動療法(CBT)、コンティンジェンシーマネジメントなど、複数の心理学的治療は効果的ですが、多くの患者はまだこれらの治療に反応せず、高い脱落率と関連しています。数十年にわたる活動にもかかわらず、CUDは薬剤療法的介入にあまり反応していません。とはいえ、神経生物学的な理解は、長時間作用型アンフェタミンやmodafinilを含むドパミン作動薬、topiramateを含むアミノ酪酸(GABA)/グルタミン酸作動薬のような潜在的な薬剤の発見につながっています。topiramateと混合アンフェタミン塩のようないくつかの併用投薬も有望と見られます。
一言で言えば、コカイン使用障害の治療法として検討されているものはそれほど多くありません。予測期間(2024年~2034年)に市場に参入する上記の有望な候補についてコメントするのは時期尚早です。最終的には、この薬剤は今後数年間で、コカイン使用障害の情勢に大きな変化をもたらすと見られます。この治療領域は、世界中での医療費の向上により、今後数年間で大きくプラスに転じると予測されます。
当レポートでは、コカイン使用障害(CUD)の主要7市場(米国、ドイツ、スペイン、イタリア、フランス、英国、日本)について調査分析し、各地域の市場規模、現在の治療法、アンメットニーズ、新薬などの情報を提供しています。
Report Summary
Market
A few key players are leading the treatment landscape of Cocaine Use Disorder, such as STALICLA, Embera NeuroTherapeutics, and others. The details of the country-wise and therapy-wise market size have been provided below.
The section dedicated to drugs in the Cocaine Use Disorder report provides an in-depth evaluation of late-stage pipeline drugs (Phase II) related to Cocaine Use Disorder. The drug chapters section provides valuable information on various aspects related to clinical trials of Cocaine Use Disorder, such as the pharmacological mechanisms of the drugs involved, designations, approval status, patent information, and a comprehensive analysis of the pros and cons associated with each drug. Furthermore, it presents the most recent news updates and press releases on drugs targeting Cocaine Use Disorder.
Emerging Therapies
Mavoglurant (STP7/AFQ056): STALICLA
STP7 (mavoglurant) is a selective nonallosteric mGluR5 antagonist. mGluR5 has been tied to mood disorders, addiction, and rare and common forms of autism. The product is believed to block a certain protein in the brain, which research has shown is related to people's craving to use drugs like cocaine. A clinical Phase II study showed mavoglurant-induced abstinence in CUD patients through inhibition of mGluR5, with no evidence of withdrawal liability. The company plans to advance mavoglurant into Phase III development to treat CUD, which will be covered by the US National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). Also, the company will use its precision neurobiology Drug Development Platform (DEPI) to detect subgroups of high-responder patients with rare and common neurodevelopmental disorders where mavoglurant can be an effective treatment, as guided by earlier clinical studies.
EMB-001: Embera NeuroTherapeutics
EMB-001, a patent product, comprises two FDA-approved medications, the cortisol synthesis inhibitor metyrapone (MET) and the benzodiazepine receptor agonist oxazepam, that act as a potential pharmacological treatment for CUD. MET is an 11 B-hydroxylase inhibitor that blocks cortisol synthesis in the brain and adrenal cortex. At the same time, OX is a GABAA-positive allosteric modulator that increases the sensitivity to GABA, the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. It may also decrease cortisol synthesis in the brain. Through multiple pathways, this combination uniquely targets reducing the cravings and loss of control that drive relapse in addiction, thereby possibly maximizing potential efficacy. EMB-001 acts by mechanisms distinct from those of existing addiction treatments. It is hypothesized to reduce the increased activity in the stress response system induced by drugs, cues, and stressors that contribute to relapse in addiction. The drug has completed the Phase I trial and is currently being investigated under Phase II clinical trial evaluation to treat CUD.
Currently, no medications are approved for cocaine dependence or CUD; however, recent advances in understanding the processes involved in cocaine addiction have allowed researchers to identify several promising new candidate medications. Several psychological treatments, including group counseling, individual drug counseling, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and contingency management, are effective; however, many patients still do not respond to these treatments and are associated with high dropout rates. Despite decades of efforts, CUD has not responded well to pharmacotherapeutic interventions. Nevertheless, a significant understanding of neurobiology has led to the discovery of potential medications like dopamine agonists, including long-acting amphetamine, modafinil, and ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA)/glutamatergic medications, including topiramate. A few combination medications, such as topiramate and mixed amphetamine salts, also appear promising.
In a nutshell, not many potential therapies are being investigated to manage Cocaine Use Disorder. Even though it is too soon to comment on the above-mentioned promising candidate to enter the market during the forecast period (2024-2034). Eventually, this drug will create a significant difference in the landscape of cocaine use disorder in the coming years. The treatment space is expected to experience a significant positive shift in the coming years owing to the improvement in healthcare spending worldwide.
Cocaine Use Disorder (CUD) Disease Understanding and Treatment
Cocaine Use Disorder (CUD) Overview
Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is a pattern of cocaine use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress. Cocaine is a powerfully addictive stimulant made from coca plant leaves native to South America. Its use is associated with cardiovascular and neurologic effects, and chronic repeated exposure leads to tolerance, adverse psychological and behavioral effects, and complications, including infections, stroke, and seizure. According to the DSM-5, CUD is classified as mild, moderate, or severe based on the number of symptoms within 12 months. A minimum of two to three DSM-5 criteria is required for a mild diagnosis, between four and five for a moderate diagnosis, and between six and seven for a severe diagnosis.
Cocaine Use Disorder (CUD) Diagnosis
The diagnosis of cocaine use disorder (CUD) involves a combination of physical examination, clinical evaluation, and laboratory testing. Physical examination may reveal external markers of chronic cocaine use, such as cracked lip and thumb caused by heat-related injuries, salmon-colored marks or infected areas from skin sloughing due to subcutaneous injection, and nasal septum perforation from snorting. Common clinical findings include tachycardia, hypertension, diaphoresis, mydriasis, tremulousness, extreme agitation, and mood lability, which may progress to suicidal depression. Urine toxicology screening plays a crucial role when the cause of hyperadrenergic symptoms is unclear; the detection of benzoylecgonine, a long-lasting cocaine metabolite, confirms cocaine use and may be followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for validation. The presence of levamisole, a common cocaine adulterant, can further aid in detection. For patients presenting with chest pain, evaluation begins with ECG and cardiac enzyme analysis, as cocaine use can precipitate acute myocardial infarction, particularly in chronic users with underlying cardiac conditions. Brain imaging and electroencephalograms are warranted for individuals exhibiting seizures, recurrent episodes, or focal neurological symptoms, which may indicate cerebrovascular complications. Comprehensive assessment and targeted testing for associated complications are essential for accurate diagnosis and effective management of CUD.
Cocaine Use Disorder (CUD) Treatment
The treatment of cocaine use disorder (CUD) involves both nonpharmacological and pharmacological approaches. Psychosocial and behavioral interventions are currently the gold standard for managing CUD. Intensive outpatient therapy (IOT), cognitive-behavioral therapy for substance use disorders (CBT-SUD), and contingency management (CM) have proven effective in promoting abstinence and relapse prevention. CM, which uses motivational incentives like vouchers, and CBT-SUD, which focuses on functional analysis and skills training, remain key strategies. However, no pharmacotherapy has been approved for CUD, though promising candidates include dopamine agonists (e.g., modafinil), GABA/glutamate modulators (e.g., topiramate), and novel agents like ketamine, which influences NMDA receptor signaling. Emerging options such as galantamine, a cholinergic agent, are also being explored for their potential role in addressing disruptions in neurotransmitter systems associated with cocaine use. Integrating behavioral and pharmacological approaches remains the most effective strategy for managing CUD.
The Cocaine Use Disorder epidemiology chapter in the report provides historical as well as forecasted epidemiology segmented by Total diagnosed prevalent cases, Gender-specific cases, Age-specific cases, Severity-specific cases, and Total treated cases of Cocaine Use Disorder in the United States, EU4 countries (Germany, France, Italy, Spain) and the United Kingdom, and Japan from 2020 to 2034.
KOL Views
To stay abreast of the latest trends in the market, we conduct primary research by seeking the opinions of Key Opinion Leaders (KOLs) and Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) who work in the relevant field. This helps us fill any gaps in data and validate our secondary research.
We have reached out to industry experts to gather insights on various aspects of Cocaine Use Disorder, including the evolving treatment landscape, patients' reliance on conventional therapies, their acceptance of therapy switching, drug uptake, and challenges related to accessibility. The experts we contacted included medical/scientific writers, professors, and researchers from prestigious universities in the US, Europe, the UK, and Japan.
Our team of analysts at Delveinsight connected with more than 15 KOLs across the 7MM. We contacted institutions such as the Yale University School of Medicine, Tokyo Institute of Psychiatry, University of Chieti-Pescara, etc., among others. By obtaining the opinions of these experts, we gained a better understanding of the current and emerging treatment patterns in the Cocaine Use Disorder market, which will assist our clients in analyzing the overall epidemiology and market scenario.
Qualitative Analysis
We perform Qualitative and Market Intelligence analysis using various approaches, such as SWOT analysis and Conjoint Analysis. In the SWOT analysis, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in terms of disease diagnosis, patient awareness, patient burden, competitive landscape, cost-effectiveness, and geographical accessibility of therapies are provided. These pointers are based on the Analyst's discretion and assessment of the patient burden, cost analysis, and existing and evolving treatment landscape.
Conjoint Analysis analyzes multiple approved and emerging therapies based on relevant attributes such as safety, efficacy, frequency of administration, designation, route of administration, and order of entry. Scoring is given based on these parameters to analyze the effectiveness of therapy.
In efficacy, the trial's primary and secondary outcome measures are evaluated; for instance, in trials for Cocaine Use Disorder, one of the most important primary endpoints was achieving hemolysis control, LDH normalization, etc. Based on these, the overall efficacy is evaluated.
Further, the therapies' safety is evaluated wherein the acceptability, tolerability, and adverse events are majorly observed, and it sets a clear understanding of the side effects posed by the drug in the trials. In addition, the scoring is also based on the route of administration, order of entry and designation, probability of success, and the addressable patient pool for each therapy. According to these parameters, the final weightage score and the ranking of the emerging therapies are decided.
Market Access and Reimbursement
Because newly authorized drugs are often expensive, some patients escape receiving proper treatment or use off-label, less expensive prescriptions. Reimbursement plays a critical role in how innovative treatments can enter the market. The cost of the medicine, compared to the benefit it provides to patients who are being treated, sometimes determines whether or not it will be reimbursed. Regulatory status, target population size, the setting of treatment, unmet needs, the number of incremental benefit claims, and prices can all affect market access and reimbursement possibilities.
The report further provides detailed insights on the country-wise accessibility and reimbursement scenarios, cost-effectiveness scenario of approved therapies, programs making accessibility easier and out-of-pocket costs more affordable, insights on patients insured under federal or state government prescription drug programs, etc.