![]() |
市場調査レポート
商品コード
1771398
クロールアルカリの世界市場の需要、予測分析(2018年~2034年)Global Chloralkali Market Demand & Forecast Analysis, 2018-2034 |
||||||
|
クロールアルカリの世界市場の需要、予測分析(2018年~2034年) |
出版日: 2025年06月11日
発行: Prismane Consulting
ページ情報: 英文 160 Pages
納期: 3~5営業日
|
塩素需要と用途の見通し
塩素需要はEDC(二塩化エチレン)とPVC(ポリ塩化ビニル)の生産が牽引しており、両者を合わせると世界の塩素消費の過半を占めます。その他、有機・無機化学品、塩素化中間体、C1/C2芳香族、イソシアネート、プロピレンオキシド、水処理、パルプ・製紙産業など、塩素を大量に消費する部門があります。塩素はビニルポリマーの製造において特に重要であるため、その需要は建設、インフラ、プラスチックの世界的な動向と直結しています。世界の塩素市場はアジア太平洋が圧倒的なシェアを占め、総需要の約50%を占めています。中国が強力なプラスチック、化学、建設産業によって消費の大半を牽引しています。北米と西欧が需要面でこれに続きますが、これらの地域の成長は成熟した市場と環境規制によって制限されています。
苛性ソーダの需要と用途の見通し
苛性ソーダは、幅広い用途を持つ重要な産業用アルカリです。世界最大の消費者はアルミナ産業で、総需要の約20%を占めています。また、有機・無機化学品の生産、食品加工、石鹸・洗剤製造、テキスタイル、水処理、焼結などの冶金プロセスにも多用されています。アジア太平洋は、中国やインドなどの国々における工業成長と人口の拡大により、苛性ソーダ消費を再び主導しています。北米と西欧がこれに続き、産業用途と環境用途で安定した需要があります。苛性ソーダは大量に消費される性質があるため、その地域消費は人口密度、工業生産高、インフラ開発と密接に結びついています。
地域の市場力学と貿易パターン
アジア太平洋は世界のクロールアルカリ生産と需要の中心地であり、設備容量の大半を擁し、世界の輸出数量を牽引しています。特に中国は自給自足が進んでおり、2025年まで輸出における市場シェアが拡大すると予測されます。これとは対照的に、北米は近年大幅な生産能力の増強が見られず、予測期間も純輸入の状態が続く見込みです。この地域の需要はEDC/PVC生産と塩素化中間体に集中しています。南米では化学産業が塩素の支配的な最終用途部門であり、西欧は比較的自給率を維持しています。欧州では水銀を使用するプラントが段階的に廃止されており、HClからの塩素回収のような新しい生産ルートの登場が、この地域の市場に影響を与えるとみられます。中東とラテンアメリカは、産業活動が活発化し、テキスタイル、水処理、建設におけるクロールアルカリ誘導体の需要が増加しており、有望な市場として浮上しています。
市場促進要因:PVC需要の増加
世界のクロールアルカリ市場の主な成長促進要因は、特に新興経済国におけるPVC需要の急増です。生産に塩素を多用するPVCは、パイプ、ケーブル、建材、インフラ関連用途に広く使用されています。都市化の進行、手頃な価格の住宅の拡大、新興市場におけるインフラ投資の増加が、この需要を推進しています。さらに、清潔な水へのアクセスと衛生環境の向上への世界的な後押しが、水処理システムにおける塩素の使用を加速させており、市場成長をさらに後押ししています。アルミナメーカーや鉄鋼産業からの安定した需要も、重工業における苛性ソーダの長期的な関連性を補強しています。
市場抑制要因:環境課題
クロールアルカリ産業は、その幅広い産業用途にもかかわらず、環境フットプリントと高いエネルギー消費に関連する重大な課題に直面しています。時代遅れの水銀電池技術に対する規制の取り締まりと、排出基準を遵守する必要性により、メーカーの経営コストが上昇しています。さらに、エネルギー価格、特に電解プロセスの主要なコスト要素である電力は、地域的な変動や地政学的リスクの影響を受け、収益性に影響を及ぼします。こうした要因は、規制枠組みが厳しい地域や電気料金の高い地域での成長を抑制する可能性があり、メーカーに技術革新や、よりコスト競争力があり規制の緩やかな地域への生産能力の移転を促します。
当レポートでは、世界のクロールアルカリ市場について調査分析し、市場力学と産業動向、各セグメントの需要、メーカーのプロファイルなどの情報を提供しています。
The global chlor-alkali industry is a foundational segment of the broader chemical sector, producing essential chemicals such as chlorine, caustic soda (sodium hydroxide), and hydrogen through the electrolysis of sodium chloride (NaCl). This process yields a fixed output ratio known as the Electrochemical Unit (ECU), where 1 ton of chlorine co-produces approximately 1.1 tons of caustic soda and 0.03 tons of hydrogen. The production process is highly energy-intensive, with energy costs accounting for nearly 45% of the total manufacturing expenditure. Chlorine, the primary product, and caustic soda, a key co-product, are widely used across a variety of industries, forming critical raw materials for sectors such as plastics, textiles, pulp and paper, construction, alumina refining, and water treatment.
The chlor-alkali industry primarily uses membrane cell technology for production, which has become the standard due to its higher energy efficiency and lower environmental footprint compared to older technologies like diaphragm and mercury cells. The electrolysis of brine (NaCl solution) in these cells generates chlorine gas at the anode and caustic soda at the cathode, along with hydrogen gas. Chlorine's strong oxidizing properties makes it a highly reactive industrial gas. The industry's output is closely linked to chlorine demand, as caustic soda production is a dependent co-product, tying both markets together operationally and economically.
Chlorine Demand and Application Outlook
Chlorine demand is led by the production of EDC (ethylene dichloride) and PVC (polyvinyl chloride), which together account for more than half of total global chlorine consumption. Other significant chlorine-consuming sectors include the production of organic and inorganic chemicals, chlorinated intermediates, C1/C2 aromatics, isocyanates, propylene oxide, water treatment, and the pulp and paper industry. Chlorine is especially important in manufacturing vinyl polymers, and therefore its demand directly correlates with global trends in construction, infrastructure, and plastics. Asia-Pacific holds the dominant share of the global chlorine market, capturing approximately 50% of total demand, with China driving the majority of consumption due to its robust plastics, chemicals, and construction industries. North America and Western Europe follow in terms of demand, although growth in these regions is limited by mature markets and environmental regulations.
Caustic Soda Demand and Application Outlook
Caustic soda is a critical industrial alkali with a wide spectrum of applications. Its largest consumer globally is the alumina industry, accounting for around 20% of total demand. It is also heavily used in the production of organic and inorganic chemicals, food processing, soap and detergent manufacturing, textiles, water treatment, and metallurgical processes such as sintering. The Asia-Pacific region again leads caustic soda consumption, driven by industrial growth and demographic expansion in countries such as China and India. North America and Western Europe follow, with steady demand across industrial and environmental applications. The bulk nature of caustic soda means that its regional consumption is closely tied to population density, industrial output, and infrastructure development.
Regional Market Dynamics and Trade Patterns
Asia-Pacific is the epicenter of global chlor-alkali production and demand, housing most of the installed capacity and driving global export volumes. China, in particular, has become increasingly self-sufficient and is expected to expand its market share in exports through 2025. North America, by contrast, has not witnessed significant capacity expansions in recent years and is projected to remain in a net import position during the forecast period. The region's demand is concentrated in the EDC/PVC production and chlorinated intermediates. In South America, the chemicals industry is the dominant end-use sector for chlorine, while Western Europe has maintained relative self-sufficiency. The phase-out of mercury-based plants in Europe and the emergence of new production routes such as chlorine recovery from HCl are likely to influence the regional market. The Middle East and Latin America are emerging as promising markets with rising industrial activity and increased demand for chlor-alkali derivatives in textiles, water treatment, and construction.
Key Manufacturers
The chlor-alkali market is characterized by a combination of global chemical giants and regionally focused manufacturers. Leading companies in the market are AkzoNobel N.V., Reliance Industries Limited, DowDuPont, Occidental Petroleum Corporation, and Formosa Plastics Group. These firms are typically vertically integrated, controlling both upstream raw materials and downstream product distribution. Additional major players include Axiall Corporation, INEOS ChlorVinyls, Bayer Material Science AG, ATP Group, and CRISTAL (The National Titanium Dioxide Company).
Market Driver: Rising demand for PVC
A major growth driver for the chlor-alkali market is the surging global demand for PVC, especially in fast-developing economies. PVC, which relies heavily on chlorine for production, is extensively used in pipes, cables, construction materials, and infrastructure-related applications. Rising urbanization, expansion of affordable housing, and increased infrastructure investment in emerging markets are fueling this demand. Additionally, the global push toward clean water access and improved sanitation is accelerating the use of chlorine in water treatment systems, further supporting market growth. The consistent demand from alumina producers and the steel industry also reinforces the long-term relevance of caustic soda in heavy industry.
Market Restraint: Environmental challenges
Despite its broad industrial utility, the chlor-alkali industry faces critical challenges related to its environmental footprint and high energy consumption. Regulatory crackdowns on outdated mercury cell technology and the need for compliance with emissions standards have increased operational costs for producers. Moreover, energy prices particularly electricity, which is a major cost component in the electrolysis process are subject to regional volatility and geopolitical risks, impacting profitability. These factors may constrain growth in regions with tight regulatory frameworks or high electricity tariffs, prompting manufacturers to innovate or relocate capacity to more cost-competitive and regulation-friendly regions.
Note: Demand-Supply Analysis has been provided for all major Regions / Countries as mentioned below. The demand (consumption) split by types, chlorine and caustic soda applications has been provided for each of the countries/regions in Volume (Kilo tons) and Value (USD Million).
Note: CAGR will be calculated for all types, chlorine and caustic soda applications to arrive at the regional / global Demand-Supply growth for the forecast period (2025 - 2034)
Note: This section includes company information, company financials, manufacturing bases and operating regions. Company financials have been mentioned only for those companies where financials were available in SEC Filings, annual reports, or company websites. All the reported financials in this report are in U.S. Dollars. Financials reported in other currencies have been converted using average currency conversion rates. Company profiles may include manufacturers, suppliers, and distributors.