スタジアム用仮設床材市場レポート：動向、予測、競合分析 (2031年まで)

世界のスタジアム用仮設床材市場の将来は、スポーツイベント、文化・エンターテインメント活動、緊急・臨時救援市場に機会があり、有望視されています。世界のスタジアム用仮設床材市場は、2025年から2031年にかけてCAGR 5.2％で成長すると予測されます。この市場の主な促進要因は、スポーツイベントの増加、素早く設置できる床材ソリューションへのニーズの高まり、大規模イベントへの投資の増加です。

• Lucintelの予測によると、タイプ別では、耐久性、費用対効果、設置の容易さから、プラスチック製床材が予測期間中に最も高い成長を遂げる見込みです。
• 用途別では、仮設スタジアムの需要拡大から、スポーツイベントが最も高い成長が見込まれます。
• 地域別では、スポーツイベントへの投資とインフラ整備の増加により、APACが予測期間中に最も高い成長を遂げる見込みです。

スタジアム用仮設床材市場の新たな動向

スタジアム用仮設床材市場は、その景観を再構築するいくつかの新たな動向を目の当たりにしています。これらの動向は、大規模イベントの進化するニーズに対応するための技術革新、環境への配慮、柔軟なソリューションの重要性を浮き彫りにしています。

• 持続可能性と環境に優しい素材：仮設床材市場では、持続可能性への注目が高まっています。イベント主催者は、環境への影響を軽減するため、生分解性プラスチックやゴムなど、リサイクル素材や環境に優しい素材を使用した床材ソリューションを選択しています。この動向は、消費者の環境意識の高まりや規制当局の圧力によって牽引力を増しています。
• モジュール式システムとクイックインストレーションシステム：モジュール式床材システムは、組み立てや解体が容易であるため、スタジアムやアリーナでの一時的な使用に理想的であり、人気を集めています。これらのシステムは、短納期が要求される大規模なイベントには特に魅力的で、人件費や設営の遅れを軽減することができます。
• スマート床材ソリューション：仮設床材ソリューションにスマート技術を統合することは、新たな動向です。このような床材には、人の往来を追跡するセンサーが搭載され、観客の動きや摩耗に関するリアルタイムのデータを提供することができます。このようなデータは、イベント運営の最適化や安全対策の改善に役立ち、イベントをより効率的で迅速なものにします。
• 耐久性と耐候性：スタジアム用仮設床材は、耐久性と耐候性に優れた素材で設計されています。これにより、床材は安全性や美観を損なうことなく、激しい人の往来や屋外の要素、さまざまなスポーツ活動に耐えることができます。特に屋外スタジアムでは、あらゆる天候に対応できる長持ちする床材ソリューションへのニーズが高まっています。
• カスタマイズ可能なデザインとブランディング：エクスペリエンス・マーケティングの台頭により、仮設床材はブランディング要素やロゴ、カラーを含むようカスタマイズされるようになっています。この動向は、特にスポンサー、スポーツチーム、芸能人などのイベントにおいて、ブランドの存在感を高め、視覚的に魅力的な環境を作り出す必要性に後押しされています。

スタジアム用仮設床材市場は、環境問題への関心の高まり、技術の進歩、柔軟で耐久性のあるソリューションへの需要の高まりに対応して進化しています。こうした動向は、より持続可能で効率的、かつカスタマイズ可能な床材オプションへの道を開きつつあり、大規模イベントの未来を世界的に形作ると思われます。

スタジアム用仮設床材市場における最近の動向

スタジアム用仮設床材市場におけるいくつかの主な発展が技術革新を推進し、大規模イベントソリューションの新たな基準を打ち立てています。これらの開発は、持続可能性、設置の容易さ、カスタマイズに焦点を当てています。

• 持続可能な素材への注目：環境に優しい床材への需要の高まりが、スタジアム用仮設床材市場における持続可能な素材の採用につながっています。企業は、二酸化炭素排出量を削減し、環境目標に沿うために、再生プラスチック、ゴム、その他のグリーン素材を活用しています。このシフトは、持続可能性が優先される欧州や北米などの地域で支持を集めています。
• モジュール式床材システム：モジュール式床材システムは、スタジアム用仮設床材市場で最も重要なイノベーションのひとつです。このシステムは、設置や撤去が容易であるため、仮設イベントに最適です。モジュール式床材は、設営時間とコストを削減すると同時に、スポーツ、コンサート、フェスティバルなど、さまざまなタイプのイベントに対応できる汎用性を備えています。
• スマートフロアのための技術統合：技術の進歩により、スタジアム用仮設床材にスマート機能を統合することが可能になっています。これらの床には、観客の動きや温度、さらには摩耗パターンを監視するセンサーを装備することができます。収集されたデータは、イベント主催者が安全性、群衆コントロール、イベント全体の管理を最適化するのに役立ちます。
• ブランディングのためのカスタマイズ：大規模イベントにおいてブランディングの重要性が増すにつれ、スタジアム用仮設床材は、ロゴや配色、その他のブランディング要素を含むようにカスタマイズされるようになっています。この動向により、企業やスポンサーは知名度を高め、参加者により魅力的な雰囲気を作り出し、イベントのマーケティング価値を高めることができます。
• アジア太平洋市場の拡大：アジア太平洋地域、特に中国とインドでは、スタジアム用仮設床材市場が急速に拡大しています。これらの国々ではスポーツやエンターテインメント産業が成長しており、高品質でコスト効率の高い床材ソリューションへの需要が高まっています。オリンピックやクリケット大会のような大規模イベントのインフラ整備プロジェクトが増加するにつれ、信頼性の高い床材オプションのニーズも高まっています。

スタジアム用仮設床材市場の最近の動向は、持続可能性、技術、カスタマイズの進歩を強調しています。イベント主催者が効率の改善、環境負荷の低減、観客体験の向上を求める中、こうした開発がスタジアム用仮設床材ソリューションの将来を形成しています。

目次

第1章 エグゼクティブサマリー

第2章 世界のスタジアム用仮設床材市場：市場力学

• イントロダクション、背景、分類
• サプライチェーン
• 業界の促進要因と課題

第3章 市場動向と予測分析 (2019年～2031年)

• マクロ経済動向 (2019～2024年) と予測 (2025～2031年)
• 世界のスタジアム用仮設床材市場の動向 (2019～2024年) と予測 (2025～2031年)
• 世界のスタジアム用仮設床材市場：種類別
  • プラスチック製床材
  • 木製床材
  • ゴム製床材
  • その他
• 世界のスタジアム用仮設床材市場：用途別
  • スポーツイベント
  • 文化・エンターテインメント活動
  • 緊急・臨時救援
  • その他

第4章 地域別の市場動向と予測分析 (2019年～2031年)

• 世界のスタジアム用仮設床材市場：地域別
• 北米のスタジアム用仮設床材市場
• 欧州のスタジアム用仮設床材市場
• アジア太平洋のスタジアム用仮設床材市場
• その他地域のスタジアム用仮設床材市場

第5章 競合分析

• 製品ポートフォリオ分析
• 運用統合
• ポーターのファイブフォース分析

第6章 成長機会と戦略分析

• 成長機会分析
  • 世界のスタジアム用仮設床材市場の成長機会：種類別
  • 世界のスタジアム用仮設床材市場の成長機会：用途別
  • 世界のスタジアム用仮設床材市場の成長機会：地域別
• 世界のスタジアム用仮設床材市場の新たな動向
• 戦略的分析
  • 新製品の開発
  • 世界のスタジアム用仮設床材市場の生産能力拡大
  • 世界のスタジアム用仮設床材市場における企業合併・買収 (M&A)、合弁事業
  • 認証とライセンシング

第7章 主要企業のプロファイル

• Terraplas
• Signature Systems
• Covermaster
• PortaFloor
• Rola-Trac
• The Box Group
• Roland Flooring

The future of the global temporary stadium flooring market looks promising with opportunities in the sports event, cultural & entertainment activity, and emergency & temporary relief markets. The global temporary stadium flooring market is expected to grow with a CAGR of 5.2% from 2025 to 2031. The major drivers for this market are the increasing sports events, the rising need for quick-install flooring solutions, and the growing investment in large-scale events.

• Lucintel forecasts that, within the type category, plastic flooring is expected to witness the highest growth over the forecast period due to its durability, cost-effectiveness, and easy installation.
• Within the application category, sports event is expected to witness the highest growth due to the rising demand for temporary stadiums.
• In terms of region, APAC is expected to witness the highest growth over the forecast period due to the growing sports event investments and infrastructure.

Emerging Trends in the Temporary Stadium Flooring Market

The temporary stadium flooring market is witnessing several emerging trends that are reshaping its landscape. These trends highlight the importance of technological innovations, environmental considerations, and flexible solutions to meet the evolving needs of large-scale events.

• Sustainability and Eco-friendly Materials: There is an increasing focus on sustainability in the temporary flooring market. Event organizers are choosing flooring solutions made from recycled or eco-friendly materials, such as biodegradable plastics and rubber, to reduce environmental impact. This trend is gaining traction due to growing environmental awareness among consumers and regulatory pressures.
• Modular and Quick-Installation Systems: Modular flooring systems are gaining popularity as they can be easily assembled and disassembled, making them ideal for temporary use in stadiums and arenas. These systems are particularly attractive for large-scale events that require quick turnaround times, reducing labor costs and setup delays.
• Smart Flooring Solutions: The integration of smart technology into temporary flooring solutions is an emerging trend. These floors may include sensors for tracking foot traffic, providing real-time data on crowd movement or wear. Such data helps optimize event operations and improve safety measures, making events more efficient and responsive.
• Durability and Weather Resistance: Temporary stadium flooring is being designed with more durable and weather-resistant materials. This ensures the flooring can withstand heavy foot traffic, outdoor elements, and various sports activities without compromising on safety or aesthetics. The need for long-lasting flooring solutions that can handle all weather conditions is growing, particularly in outdoor stadiums.
• Customizable Designs and Branding: With the rise of experiential marketing, temporary flooring solutions are being customized to include branding elements, logos, or colors. This trend is being driven by the need to enhance brand presence and create visually appealing environments at events, especially for sponsors, sports teams, and entertainers.

The temporary stadium flooring market is evolving in response to growing environmental concerns, technological advancements, and the increasing demand for flexible, durable solutions. These trends are paving the way for more sustainable, efficient, and customizable flooring options that will shape the future of large-scale events globally.

Recent Developments in the Temporary Stadium Flooring Market

Several key developments in the temporary stadium flooring market are driving innovation and setting new standards for large-scale event solutions. These developments focus on sustainability, ease of installation, and customization.

• Focus on Sustainable Materials: The growing demand for environmentally friendly flooring has led to the adoption of sustainable materials in the temporary stadium flooring market. Companies are utilizing recycled plastics, rubber, and other green materials to reduce their carbon footprint and align with environmental goals. This shift is gaining traction in regions like Europe and North America, where sustainability is prioritized.
• Modular Flooring Systems: Modular flooring systems are one of the most significant innovations in the temporary stadium flooring market. These systems allow for easy installation and removal, making them ideal for temporary events. Modular flooring reduces setup time and costs, while offering versatility for different types of events, including sports, concerts, and festivals.
• Technological Integration for Smart Floors: Advances in technology are enabling the integration of smart features into temporary stadium floors. These floors can be equipped with sensors to monitor crowd movement, temperature, and even wear patterns. The data collected helps event organizers optimize safety, crowd control, and overall event management.
• Customization for Branding: As branding becomes increasingly important in large events, temporary stadium flooring is being customized to include logos, color schemes, and other branding elements. This trend allows businesses and sponsors to enhance their visibility and create a more engaging atmosphere for attendees, increasing the marketing value of events.
• Expansion of Market in Asia-Pacific: The Asia-Pacific region, particularly China and India, is seeing a rapid expansion in the temporary stadium flooring market. Growing sports and entertainment industries in these countries are driving demand for high-quality, cost-effective flooring solutions. As infrastructure projects for large events like the Olympics and cricket tournaments increase, so does the need for reliable flooring options.

The recent developments in the temporary stadium flooring market highlight advancements in sustainability, technology, and customization. As event organizers seek to improve efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and enhance audience experiences, these developments are shaping the future of temporary stadium flooring solutions.

Strategic Growth Opportunities in the Temporary Stadium Flooring Market

The temporary stadium flooring market offers several strategic growth opportunities across key applications. These opportunities are largely driven by technological innovations, environmental trends, and the growing demand for flexibility in large-scale event setups.

• Sports Events: With the rising popularity of sports globally, there is a significant opportunity in providing high-performance flooring solutions for temporary sports events. Flooring systems must cater to different sports and weather conditions, offering both durability and safety. This is especially important in regions with unpredictable climates.
• Music and Cultural Festivals: Temporary flooring for outdoor music festivals and cultural events is a growing market segment. Event organizers are looking for flooring solutions that are easy to install, weather-resistant, and capable of handling large crowds. Customizable flooring options also help enhance the festival experience by showcasing branding or thematic designs.
• Corporate and Trade Events: Corporate events and trade shows often require temporary flooring solutions that are both functional and aesthetically appealing. Flooring systems in these settings need to support heavy foot traffic, be durable, and offer easy integration with other event features like booths or stages. This sector is seeing increased demand for modular flooring systems.
• Exhibition Halls and Conventions: The exhibition and convention sector is a key area for growth in the temporary flooring market. These events require high-quality flooring that can withstand heavy equipment, furniture, and large crowds. Customization and ease of installation are crucial factors driving the demand for innovative flooring systems.
• Government and Public Events: Temporary flooring for government and public events, including exhibitions, ceremonies, and parades, offers substantial growth potential. These events require flexible, easy-to-install flooring solutions that can handle various weather conditions. The emphasis is on providing high-quality flooring systems that ensure safety while meeting aesthetic and functional requirements.

Strategic growth opportunities in the temporary stadium flooring market lie in expanding applications across sports, cultural festivals, corporate events, exhibitions, and government functions. As demand for versatile, sustainable, and customizable flooring solutions rises, the market will continue to thrive, particularly in emerging markets like Asia-Pacific.

Temporary Stadium Flooring Market Driver and Challenges

The temporary stadium flooring market is influenced by various drivers and challenges, including technological advancements, economic factors, and regulatory pressures. Understanding these drivers and challenges is essential for businesses aiming to thrive in this evolving market.

The factors responsible for driving the temporary stadium flooring market include:

1. Technological Innovation: Advances in flooring materials and modular systems have driven the temporary stadium flooring market. Technologies like smart flooring, which includes sensors and analytics, enable event organizers to improve safety, crowd control, and efficiency, enhancing the overall event experience.

2. Environmental Awareness: Growing concerns about sustainability have pushed the demand for eco-friendly temporary flooring solutions. Flooring made from recycled or biodegradable materials is gaining popularity as event organizers aim to minimize their carbon footprint and align with environmental regulations.

3. Increasing Demand for Multi-functional Flooring: Temporary flooring that can serve multiple purposes is becoming more popular. The flexibility of modular systems and the ability to customize flooring for different types of events, such as sports and festivals, has made these solutions highly desirable for large-scale events.

4. Growth in Sports and Entertainment: The global boom in sports and entertainment events is driving demand for temporary stadium flooring. From the Olympics to international music festivals, these events require high-quality, durable, and easy-to-install flooring that can handle large crowds and various weather conditions.

5. Rising Disposable Income in Emerging Markets: As disposable income increases in emerging markets, there is a growing demand for large-scale events like sports tournaments and concerts. This growth presents opportunities for temporary flooring providers to expand their services into new and developing markets, particularly in Asia-Pacific regions.

Challenges in the temporary stadium flooring market are:

1. Cost of Installation and Maintenance: While modular flooring systems offer flexibility, the upfront costs of installation and ongoing maintenance can be a challenge for event organizers, especially in smaller markets. The need for cost-effective solutions remains a significant hurdle in certain regions.

2. Regulatory and Safety Standards: The temporary stadium flooring market faces challenges related to safety and regulatory compliance. Event organizers must adhere to strict regulations regarding materials and setup, which can complicate the flooring selection process. Ensuring safety while meeting legal standards is an ongoing challenge.

3. Market Competition: As the demand for temporary flooring grows, so does the competition among flooring manufacturers. Smaller companies may struggle to compete with established players who have the resources to offer innovative, high-quality flooring solutions at competitive prices. Managing this competition remains a key challenge.

The drivers of technological innovation, environmental awareness, and the growth of sports and entertainment events are shaping the temporary stadium flooring market. However, challenges such as installation costs, regulatory pressures, and intense market competition must be navigated for companies to maintain growth and competitiveness in this evolving sector.

List of Temporary Stadium Flooring Companies

Companies in the market compete on the basis of product quality offered. Major players in this market focus on expanding their manufacturing facilities, R&D investments, infrastructural development, and leverage integration opportunities across the value chain. With these strategies temporary stadium flooring companies cater increasing demand, ensure competitive effectiveness, develop innovative products & technologies, reduce production costs, and expand their customer base. Some of the temporary stadium flooring companies profiled in this report include-

• Terraplas
• Signature Systems
• Covermaster
• PortaFloor
• Rola-Trac
• The Box Group
• Roland Flooring

Temporary Stadium Flooring Market by Segment

The study includes a forecast for the global temporary stadium flooring market by type, application, and region.

Temporary Stadium Flooring Market by Type [Value from 2019 to 2031]:

• Plastic Flooring
• Wooden Flooring
• Rubber Flooring
• Others

Temporary Stadium Flooring Market by Application [Value from 2019 to 2031]:

• Sports Events
• Cultural & Entertainment Activities
• Emergency & Temporary Relief
• Others

Temporary Stadium Flooring Market by Region [Value from 2019 to 2031]:

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• The Rest of the World

Country Wise Outlook for the Temporary Stadium Flooring Market

The temporary stadium flooring market has been evolving to meet the demands of large-scale events like sports competitions, concerts, and festivals. In countries like the United States, China, Germany, India, and Japan, technological advancements, sustainability trends, and increased demand for quick setup and durability have driven growth. These markets are investing in innovative flooring solutions to accommodate varied events while maintaining safety, aesthetics, and convenience.

• United States: The U.S. temporary stadium flooring market is witnessing significant growth with a strong emphasis on sustainability. Event organizers are shifting towards environmentally friendly flooring materials, including recycled plastics and non-toxic coatings. The demand for durable, easily installable flooring solutions is increasing in sports and entertainment events, with a focus on reducing setup time and improving event logistics.
• China: China's market for temporary stadium flooring is expanding rapidly, fueled by the country's booming sports sector, particularly post-Olympics and World Cup preparations. The focus is on multi-purpose flooring solutions that can accommodate both sports events and large-scale public gatherings. Additionally, the Chinese market is embracing innovations like modular flooring systems that allow quick installation and cost-efficiency.
• Germany: In Germany, the temporary stadium flooring market is highly advanced, with an emphasis on precision engineering and high-quality materials. The market is driven by both local and international events, including football matches and music festivals. The demand for eco-friendly flooring is also prominent, with Germany prioritizing the use of sustainable materials and modular designs that reduce waste.
• India: India is experiencing rapid growth in the temporary stadium flooring market due to the increasing popularity of sports and entertainment events. Temporary flooring solutions are widely used in cricket stadiums, concert venues, and large festivals. The focus is on providing cost-effective, high-quality solutions that can handle diverse weather conditions while maintaining durability and safety standards.
• Japan: Japan's market for temporary stadium flooring is evolving with advancements in material technology, offering lightweight yet durable flooring solutions for various events. Following the success of the Tokyo 2020 Olympics, there is a surge in demand for temporary flooring that can be quickly deployed and removed, especially for outdoor events. Environmental sustainability is also a key factor in flooring decisions.

Features of the Global Temporary Stadium Flooring Market

Market Size Estimates: Temporary stadium flooring market size estimation in terms of value ($B).

Trend and Forecast Analysis: Market trends (2019 to 2024) and forecast (2025 to 2031) by various segments and regions.

Segmentation Analysis: Temporary stadium flooring market size by type, application, and region in terms of value ($B).

Regional Analysis: Temporary stadium flooring market breakdown by North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Rest of the World.

Growth Opportunities: Analysis of growth opportunities in different type, application, and regions for the temporary stadium flooring market.

Strategic Analysis: This includes M&A, new product development, and competitive landscape of the temporary stadium flooring market.

Analysis of competitive intensity of the industry based on Porter's Five Forces model.

This report answers following 11 key questions:

• Q.1. What are some of the most promising, high-growth opportunities for the temporary stadium flooring market by type (plastic flooring, wooden flooring, rubber flooring, and others), application (sports events, cultural & entertainment activities, emergency & temporary relief, and others), and region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Rest of the World)?
• Q.2. Which segments will grow at a faster pace and why?
• Q.3. Which region will grow at a faster pace and why?
• Q.4. What are the key factors affecting market dynamics? What are the key challenges and business risks in this market?
• Q.5. What are the business risks and competitive threats in this market?
• Q.6. What are the emerging trends in this market and the reasons behind them?
• Q.7. What are some of the changing demands of customers in the market?
• Q.8. What are the new developments in the market? Which companies are leading these developments?
• Q.9. Who are the major players in this market? What strategic initiatives are key players pursuing for business growth?
• Q.10. What are some of the competing products in this market and how big of a threat do they pose for loss of market share by material or product substitution?
• Q.11. What M&A activity has occurred in the last 5 years and what has its impact been on the industry?

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary

2. Global Temporary Stadium Flooring Market : Market Dynamics

• 2.1: Introduction, Background, and Classifications
• 2.2: Supply Chain
• 2.3: Industry Drivers and Challenges

3. Market Trends and Forecast Analysis from 2019 to 2031

• 3.1. Macroeconomic Trends (2019-2024) and Forecast (2025-2031)
• 3.2. Global Temporary Stadium Flooring Market Trends (2019-2024) and Forecast (2025-2031)
• 3.3: Global Temporary Stadium Flooring Market by Type
  • 3.3.1: Plastic Flooring
  • 3.3.2: Wooden Flooring
  • 3.3.3: Rubber Flooring
  • 3.3.4: Others
• 3.4: Global Temporary Stadium Flooring Market by Application
  • 3.4.1: Sports Events
  • 3.4.2: Cultural & Entertainment Activities
  • 3.4.3: Emergency & Temporary Relief
  • 3.4.4: Others

4. Market Trends and Forecast Analysis by Region from 2019 to 2031

• 4.1: Global Temporary Stadium Flooring Market by Region
• 4.2: North American Temporary Stadium Flooring Market
  • 4.2.1: North American Market by Type: Plastic Flooring, Wooden Flooring, Rubber Flooring, and Others
  • 4.2.2: North American Market by Application: Sports Events, Cultural & Entertainment Activities, Emergency & Temporary Relief, and Others
• 4.3: European Temporary Stadium Flooring Market
  • 4.3.1: European Market by Type: Plastic Flooring, Wooden Flooring, Rubber Flooring, and Others
  • 4.3.2: European Market by Application: Sports Events, Cultural & Entertainment Activities, Emergency & Temporary Relief, and Others
• 4.4: APAC Temporary Stadium Flooring Market
  • 4.4.1: APAC Market by Type: Plastic Flooring, Wooden Flooring, Rubber Flooring, and Others
  • 4.4.2: APAC Market by Application: Sports Events, Cultural & Entertainment Activities, Emergency & Temporary Relief, and Others
• 4.5: ROW Temporary Stadium Flooring Market
  • 4.5.1: ROW Market by Type: Plastic Flooring, Wooden Flooring, Rubber Flooring, and Others
  • 4.5.2: ROW Market by Application: Sports Events, Cultural & Entertainment Activities, Emergency & Temporary Relief, and Others

5. Competitor Analysis

• 5.1: Product Portfolio Analysis
• 5.2: Operational Integration
• 5.3: Porter's Five Forces Analysis

6. Growth Opportunities and Strategic Analysis

• 6.1: Growth Opportunity Analysis
  • 6.1.1: Growth Opportunities for the Global Temporary Stadium Flooring Market by Type
  • 6.1.2: Growth Opportunities for the Global Temporary Stadium Flooring Market by Application
  • 6.1.3: Growth Opportunities for the Global Temporary Stadium Flooring Market by Region
• 6.2: Emerging Trends in the Global Temporary Stadium Flooring Market
• 6.3: Strategic Analysis
  • 6.3.1: New Product Development
  • 6.3.2: Capacity Expansion of the Global Temporary Stadium Flooring Market
  • 6.3.3: Mergers, Acquisitions, and Joint Ventures in the Global Temporary Stadium Flooring Market
  • 6.3.4: Certification and Licensing

7. Company Profiles of Leading Players

• 7.1: Terraplas
• 7.2: Signature Systems
• 7.3: Covermaster
• 7.4: PortaFloor
• 7.5: Rola-Trac
• 7.6: The Box Group
• 7.7: Roland Flooring