VISTA阻害剤の世界市場：臨床試験と市場機会の洞察（2024年）

研究開発領域の進化、技術の進歩、研究者の知識バンクの増加に伴い、多くの疾患の発症や進行に中心的な役割を果たすタンパク質が数多く発見されています。なかでも免疫チェックポイントタンパク質は、抗がん免疫応答を抑制する役割を担っていることから注目され、有望な治療標的として浮上してきました。VISTAタンパク質は、発見された最も新しいチェックポイントタンパク質の一つであり、他のチェックポイントタンパク質とは異なる特別な性質を持つことから、がんと炎症性疾患の両方の治療において可能性を示しました。その結果、VISTAはいくつかの研究の対象となっており、製薬会社はVISTAを標的とした薬剤の開発でこれらの努力を補完しています。

V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation、通称VISTAは免疫チェックポイントタンパク質のひとつで、免疫系に対して抑制作用と刺激作用の両方を発揮します。同定されている他の免疫チェックポイントは、免疫応答を負に制御することしか知られておらず、後者がVISTAをユニークな存在にしている理由です。VISTAの抑制機能を阻害することは、がん治療における注目すべきアプローチとして浮上しており、一方、VISTAの免疫系刺激機能はマウスモデルで広く研究されています。

これらの調査研究を基盤として、製薬会社やバイオテクノロジー企業が、主にがん治療のために、VISTAを標的とした治療介入の開発に注力しています。しかし、この分野に課題がなかったわけではなく、多くの課題が臨床開発から中止されました。しかし、新世代のVISTA阻害剤は、これらの候補の欠点に対処するために開発されています。

当レポートは、世界のVISTA阻害剤市場について調査し、市場の概要とともに、薬剤動向、臨床試験動向、地域別動向、および市場に参入する企業の競合情勢などを提供しています。

目次

第1章 VISTA：新たな免疫チェックポイント

第2章 抑制性チェックポイントと共刺激性チェックポイントとしてのVISTAの二重の役割

第3章 VISTAの意義

• がんの進行を促進するVlSTAの役割
• VISTAは潜在的ながんバイオマーカー
• 自己免疫疾患の治療標的としてのVISTA

第4章 世界のVISTA阻害剤市場の動向と臨床イノベーション

• 現在の市場シナリオ
• 将来の臨床および商業化の機会

第5章 VISTA標的療法の動向と臨床イノベーション、適応症別

• 肺がん
• 膀胱がん
• 大腸がん
• 血液がん
• 自己免疫疾患、炎症性疾患、微生物疾患、アレルギー疾患

第6章 VISTA標的療法の動向と臨床イノベーション、地域別

• インド
• オーストラリア
• 米国
• 欧州

第7章 世界のVISTA阻害剤の臨床試験の概要

• 国別
• 薬剤クラス別
• 適応症別
• 組織別
• 相別

第8章 世界のVISTA阻害剤の臨床試験に関する洞察、企業、国、適応症、相別

• 前臨床
• 第I相
• 第I/II相
• 第III相

第9章 世界のVISTA阻害剤市場力学

• 市場促進要因と機会
• 市場の課題と抑制要因

第10章 競合情勢

• Adimab
• Aurigene Discovery Technologies
• Curis
• Hummingbird Bioscience
• Kineta
• Korea Drug Development Fund
• Merck
• Pierre Fabre
• PharmAbcine
• Sensei Biotherapeutics

List of Figures

• Figure 1-1: VISTA Protein - Structure
• Figure 1-2: VISTA - Binding Partners
• Figure 1-3: VISTA Inhibition - Basic Mechanism
• Figure 1-4: VISTA Inhibition - Edge Over Conventional Checkpoint Inhibition
• Figure 4-1: VISTA Inhibitors - Current Market Landscape
• Figure 4-2: VISTA Inhibitor - Key Players
• Figure 5-1: Pierre Fabre Laboratories - K01401-020 (W0180) Research Study
• Figure 5-2: CA-170 - Clinical Trial Insights
• Figure 5-3: HMBD-002 Phase I (NCT05082610) Study - Initiation & Completion Year
• Figure 5-4: Lung Cancer VISTA Inhibitor - Clinical Landscape
• Figure 5-5: Sensei Bio Collaborations
• Figure 5-6: SNS-101 Phase I/II (NCT05864144) Study - Initiation & Completion Year
• Figure 5-7: Sensei Bio Clinical Pipeline - VISTA Preclinical & Clinical Candidates
• Figure 5-8: Cleveland Clinic Research Study for VISTA Inhibitors, May 2024
• Figure 5-9: KVA12123 Phase I/II (NCT05708950) Study - Initiation & Completion Year
• Figure 5-10: Kineta Q1 Financial Results
• Figure 5-11: Aspects Influencing Global VISTA Hematological Market
• Figure 5-12: Kings College London & Dartmouth College VISTA Patent

(US10745467B2) - Grant & Expiration Year

• Figure 6-1: PMC-309 Phase 1 (NCT05957081) Study - Initiation & Completion Year
• Figure 7-1: Global - Number Of VISTA Inhibitors In Clinical Trials By Country, 2024
• Figure 7-2: Global - Number Of VISTA Inhibitors In Clinical Trials By Drug Class, 2024
• Figure 7-3: Global - Number Of VISTA Inhibitors In Clinical Trials By Indication, 2024
• Figure 7-4: Global - Number Of VISTA Inhibitors In Clinical Trials By Organization, 2024
• Figure 7-5: Global - Number Of VISTA Inhibitors In Clinical Trials By Phase, 2024
• Figure 9-1: Market Drivers & Opportunities
• Figure 9-2: Market Challenges & Restraints

List of Tables

• Table 5-1: Role of VISTA in Allergic, Autoimmune Disease & Viral Ailments
• Table 6-1: US - Ongoing Clinical Trials for VISTA inhibitors
• Table 10-1: Curis - VISTA Inhibitors Drugs Clinical Trials Insight
• Table 10-2: Curis Merck & Co. - VISTA Inhibitors Drugs Clinical Trials Insight
• Table 10-3: Sensei Biotherapeutics - VISTA Inhibitors Drugs Clinical Trials Insight

Global VISTA Inhibitor Clinical Trials & Market Opportunity Insight 2024 Report Highlights:

• Global VISTA Inhibitors Clinical Trials Insight By Company, Country, Indication & Phase
• VISTA Inhibitors Clinical Trials: 8 Drugs
• US Dominating VISTA Inhibitors Clinical Trials Landscape: 5 Drugs
• Global VISTA Inhibitors Market Trends & Clinical Innovation
• Competitive Landscape: Insight On 10 Companies
• Future Clinical & Commercialization Opportunities

With evolution in the research and development domain, along with technological advancements and the increasing knowledge bank of researchers, a number of proteins have been discovered to play central roles in development and progression of many diseases. Among these, immune checkpoint proteins have especially gained attention for their role in suppressing anti-cancer immune responses and have emerged as promising therapeutic targets. The VISTA protein is one of the newest checkpoint proteins to be discovered, which has showed potential in treating both cancer and inflammatory diseases because of its extraordinary properties that make it different from its fellow checkpoint proteins. As a result, it has become the subject of several research studies, with pharmaceutical companies complementing these efforts with the development of drugs targeting VISTA.

V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation, commonly known as VISTA, is an immune checkpoint protein which exerts both inhibitory and stimulatory effects on the immune system. Other identified immune checkpoints are only known to negatively regulate immune responses, which is why the latter makes VISTA unique. Blocking its inhibitory functions has emerged as a hot approach in the treatment of cancer, while its immune system stimulatory functions have been explored widely in murine models.

With these research studies serving as the foundation, several pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies have been focusing on the development of therapeutic interventions that target the VISTA, mainly for the management of cancer, given that most clinical studies were conducted to elucidate its role in cancer. However, the field has not been without challenges, with many candidates being withdrawn from clinical development. However, new generation VISTA inhibitors are being developed to address the shortcomings of these candidates.

CA-170, developed by Aurigene Oncology and Curis, marks a significant advancement in the landscape of VISTA-targeted therapies. CA-170 is a first-in-class oral small molecule that directly targets both PD-1/PD-L1 and VISTA pathways. It is currently undergoing phase 2/3 clinical trials in India for the management of non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer, making it the candidate farthest ahead in the pipeline of VISTA-targeted therapies. While CA-170 has shown anti-tumor activity in multiple preclinical models, results from these ongoing clinical trials are yet to be revealed by Aurigene or Curis.

In addition to Aurigene and Curis, several research institutes, and biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies are actively pursuing VISTA inhibitors; these include Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas, Kineta, Sensei Biotherapeutics, Washington University among others. Therefore, the current market for VISTA targeted therapies is witnessing a high level of competition and innovation, albeit with smaller companies dominating and larger companies waiting for breakthroughs before making their way into the market.

At present, cancer, mainly solid tumors, are dominating the research and development landscape of VISTA-targeted therapies. However, ongoing research has also associated the functions of VISTA with autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, wherein aberrant immune system activation damages tissue. This can however, with averted with the use of VISTA agonists, which can help expand the potential of VISTA as a therapeutic target to diseases mediated by the immune system. Additionally, modulation of VISTA activity has also been linked to viral infection through research findings indicating the VISTA plays a role in regulating the immune responses in viral infections. Therefore, as research findings continue linking VISTA functions to new indications, it becomes increasingly evident that researchers are yet to unravel the complexities of VISTA.

In conclusion, the landscape of VISTA-targeted therapeutics is characterized by active research, early-stage clinical development, and growing interest from both the scientific community and the pharmaceutical sector. As research progresses, VISTA inhibitors emerge as a beacon of innovation, holding up hope not only for cancer treatments but also for viral infections, autoimmune illnesses, and other ailments.

Table of Contents

1. VISTA: An Emerging Immune Checkpoint

• 1.1 Introduction to VISTA Inhibition
• 1.2 Structure & Biology Of VISTA Protein
• 1.3 Mechanism of Action of VISTA Inhibitors
• 1.4 VISTA Inhibition v/s Conventional Immune Checkpoints Inhibitors

2. Dual Role of VISTA as Inhibitory & Costimulatory Checkpoint

• 2.1 VISTA as Inhibitory Immune Checkpoint
• 2.2 VISTA as Costimulatory Checkpoint

3. Significance of VISTA

• 3.1 Role of VlSTA in Facilitating Cancer Progression
• 3.2 VISTA as Potential Cancer Biomarker
• 3.3 VISTA as Therapeutic Target in Autoimmunity

4. Global VISTA Inhibitors Market Trends & Clinical Innovation

• 4.1 Current Market Scenario
• 4.2 Future Clinical & Commercialization Opportunities

5. VISTA Targeted Therapies Trends & Clinical Innovation by Indication

• 5.1 Lung Cancer
• 5.2 Bladder Cancer
• 5.3 Colorectal Cancer
• 5.4 Hematological Cancers
• 5.5 Autoimmune, Inflammatory, Microbial, & Allergic Disorders

6. VISTA Targeted Therapies Trends & Clinical Innovation By Region

• 6.1 India
• 6.2 Australia
• 6.3 US
• 6.4 Europe

7. Global VISTA Inhibitors Clinical Trials Overview

• 7.1 By Country
• 7.2 By Drug Class
• 7.3 By Indication
• 7.4 By Organization
• 7.5 By Phase

8. Global VISTA Inhibitors Clinical Trials Insight By Company, Country, Indication & Phase

• 8.1 Preclinical
• 8.2 Phase - I
• 8.3 Phase - I/II
• 8.4 Phase - III

9. Global VISTA Inhibitors Market Dynamics

• 9.1 Market Drivers & Opportunities
• 9.2 Market Challenges & Restraints

10. Competitive Landscape

• 10.1 Adimab
• 10.2 Aurigene Discovery Technologies
• 10.3 Curis
• 10.4 Hummingbird Bioscience
• 10.5 Kineta
• 10.6 Korea Drug Development Fund
• 10.7 Merck
• 10.8 Pierre Fabre
• 10.9 PharmAbcine
• 10.10 Sensei Biotherapeutics