ソーダ灰市場レポート：用途別、地域別、2025年～2033年

ソーダ灰市場の世界市場規模は2024年に207億米ドルに達しました。IMARC Groupは、2025年から2033年にかけての成長率（CAGR）は4.4%で、2033年には306億米ドルに達すると予測しています。建設業界や自動車業界での利用拡大、廃水処理における雇用の増加、生産能力の拡大などが市場を牽引する主な要因です。現在、中国が最大のソーダ灰市場シェアを占めているが、これは建設業界からの需要が急増しているためです。

建設・自動車産業における需要増加が市場成長を促進

建設産業と自動車産業における需要の高まりは、現在ソーダ灰市場の主要な促進要因の一つとなっています。ガラス産業はソーダ灰の最大の最終用途産業であり、建設産業でドアや窓、その他の関連製品の製造に利用されています。ガラスはまた、様々な自動車部品を製造するために自動車産業で広く利用されています。消費者のライフスタイルが変化し、世界中の個人の所得水準が上昇しているため、商業用不動産プロジェクトが増加しています。さらに、ガラス産業における技術の進歩は、世界中でソーダ灰市場の成長を後押ししています。

市場構造、主要企業による市場シェア、主要企業の市況分析、主要成功戦略、競合ダッシュボード、企業評価象限などの競合分析が本レポートで取り上げられています。また、主要企業の詳細プロファイルも掲載しています。市場構造は集中しており、ソーダ灰業界のシェアの半分以上を占める企業もいます。高い資本投資、集中した市場構造、環境保護のための厳しい規則や規制のため、ソーダ灰業界では新規参入の量は少ないです。これとは別に、市場の大半が複数のメーカー間でほとんど差別化されていない製品で構成されているため、製品の差別化も低いです。

ソーダ灰とは？

ソーダ灰は、炭酸ナトリウムとしても知られ、白色、無水、粉末または粒状の物質を指します。これは、鉱物のトロナ、自然界に存在する炭酸ナトリウムを含む塩水、または塩草、昆布、海藻などの塩分を含む土壌で育った植物の木灰から製造されるアルカリ化学物質です。高度に精製され、主に嵩比重が異なる数多くのグレードが広く出回っています。効果的で経済的であり、さまざまな衣料素材に付着したアルコールや油脂の汚れを落とすのに有益です。ソーダ灰は水蒸気と反応し、高温で水酸化ナトリウムと二酸化炭素（CO2）を生成します。いくつかの非鉄・鉄鉱石からリン酸塩や硫黄を簡単に除去・脱灰します。また、シリカの融点を下げ、ガラスの製造に使用されます。湖沼のアルカリ性を高め、水中の水素の電位（pH）を維持し、殺菌作用があります。これに加えて、発電所から発生する排気ガスの酸性度を下げるのを助ける。また、特に灰汁巻きやドイツ風プレッツェルなど、嘘の調理において水酸化ナトリウムの代替品としても適しています。その結果、ソーダ灰は世界中の自動車、建設、製造、紙・パルプ、石鹸・洗剤産業で広く採用されています。

COVID-19の影響：

COVID-19パンデミックの発生は、ソーダ灰産業に深刻な問題を引き起こし、世界の数多くの国に前例のない課題を課しました。パンデミックが蔓延した最初の数ヶ月間、生産工場は操業停止や一時的な操業停止に追い込まれました。原材料の入手不能、労働力不足、在庫の少なさなどを理由に、サプライチェーンが混乱しました。これに加えて、各国の統治機関が国境を越えた交流に厳しい規則と制限を課したため、ソーダ灰の全体的な需要と市場に大きな悪影響が生じた。物流業者は、特に国境を越えて商品を輸送することができませんでした。ソーダ灰業界のメーカーは、商品の移動制限、道路移動の制限、労働力不足により、莫大な損失に直面しました。これとは別に、商品の輸出入はCOVID-19パンデミックの影響を大きく受けた。港と国境の制限は貿易活動に悪影響を及ぼし、ソーダ灰産業に影響を与えました。しかし、パンデミック後の数カ国の統治機関は、輸出入が円滑に機能するよう後方支援を行っており、状況は継続的に改善しています。このように、ソーダ灰産業は、世界の製造ユニットの開設により、今後数年間で上昇すると予想されます。

ソーダ灰市場動向：

現在、建設および自動車産業におけるガラス製造のためのソーダ灰の利用増加は、市場の成長に寄与する主な要因の一つです。さらに、衛生を維持し、水から不純物を除去するための廃水処理におけるソーダ灰の需要の高まりは、業界の投資家に有利な成長機会を提供しています。これとは別に、染料、着色剤、肥料を製造するためのソーダ灰の利用の増加は、前向きな市場見通しを提供しています。これに加えて、衣服の汚れを減らすのに役立つ安価で効果的な洗浄液の需要が増加しています。これは、プールのアルカリ度を高め、水の適切な水素電位（pH）バランスを確保するためにソーダ灰の採用が増加していることと相まって、市場の成長を推進しています。これに加えて、多くの最終用途産業でいくつかの製品を生産するためのソーダ灰の需要の増加が、市場にプラスの影響を与えています。さらに、世界中でシーラントや接着剤を製造するためのソーダ灰の雇用が増加していることが、市場の成長を支えています。

本レポートで扱う主な質問

• 2024年のソーダ灰市場の市場規模は？
• 2025-2033年における世界のソーダ灰市場の予想成長率は？
• 世界のソーダ灰市場を牽引する主要因は何か？
• 世界のソーダ灰市場に対するCOVID-19の影響は？
• 世界のソーダ灰市場の用途別内訳は？
• 世界のソーダ灰市場における主要地域は？
• 世界のソーダ灰市場における主要企業は？

目次

第1章 序文

第2章 調査範囲と調査手法

• 調査の目的
• ステークホルダー
• データソース
  • 一次情報
  • 二次情報
• 市場推定
  • ボトムアップアプローチ
  • トップダウンアプローチ
• 調査手法

第3章 エグゼクティブサマリー

第4章 イントロダクション

• 概要
• 物理的および化学的性質
• 主要業界動向

第5章 世界のソーダ灰産業

• 市場概要
• 市場実績
  • 数量動向
  • 金額動向
• COVID-19の影響
• 価格動向
• 市場予測
• SWOT分析
  • 概要
  • 強み
  • 弱み
  • 機会
  • 脅威
• バリューチェーン分析
• 製品の価格設定とマージン分析
• ポーターのファイブフォース分析
  • 概要
  • 買い手の交渉力
  • 供給企業の交渉力
  • ライバル関係の度合い
  • 新規参入業者の脅威
  • 代替品の脅威
• 貿易データ
  • 輸入
  • 輸出
• 市場促進要因と成功要因

第6章 主要地域の実績

• 中国
• アジア太平洋地域（中国を除く）
• 欧州
• 北米
• ラテンアメリカ
• 中東・アフリカ

第7章 市場内訳：用途別

• ガラス
  • 市場動向
  • 市場予測
• 石鹸と洗剤
  • 市場動向
  • 市場予測
• 化学薬品
  • 市場動向
  • 市場予測
• 冶金
  • 市場動向
  • 市場予測
• パルプ・紙
  • 市場動向
  • 市場予測
• その他
  • 市場動向
  • 市場予測

第8章 競合情勢

• 市場構造
• 主要企業の市場シェア
• 主要企業のプロファイル
  • Solvay S.A.
  • Tata Chemicals Limited
  • Shandong Haihua Group Co. Ltd.
  • Tronox Ltd.
  • Nirma Limited

第9章 ソーダ灰製造プロセス

• 製品概要
• 関与する化学反応
• 詳細なプロセスフロー
• 原材料要件
• 質量バランスと原料転換率

第10章 ソーダ灰：原料分析

• アンモニア
  • 市場実績
  • 価格動向
  • 市場内訳：地域別
  • 市場内訳：用途別
  • 主要サプライヤー
• 石灰岩
  • 市場実績
  • 価格動向
  • 市場内訳：地域別
  • 市場内訳：用途別
  • 主要サプライヤー
• 塩化ナトリウム
  • 市場実績
  • 価格動向
  • 市場内訳：地域別
  • 市場内訳：用途別
  • 主要サプライヤー

List of Figures

• Figure 1: Global: Soda Ash Market: Major Drivers and Challenges
• Figure 2: Global: Soda Ash Market: Volume Trends (in Million Tons), 2019-2024
• Figure 3: Global: Soda Ash Market: Value Trends (in Billion USD), 2019-2024
• Figure 4: Global: Soda Ash Market: Price Trends (in USD/Ton), 2019-2024
• Figure 5: Global: Soda Ash Market Forecast: Volume Trends (in Million Tons), 2025-2033
• Figure 6: Global: Soda Ash Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Billion USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 7: Global: Soda Ash Industry: SWOT Analysis
• Figure 8: Global: Soda Ash Industry: Value Chain Analysis of Synthetic Soda Ash
• Figure 9: Global: Soda Ash Industry: Profit Margins at Various Levels of the Supply Chain
• Figure 10: Global: Soda Ash Industry: Porter's Five Forces Analysis
• Figure 11: Global: Soda Ash Market: Breakup by Region (in %), 2024
• Figure 12: China: Soda Ash Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 13: China: Soda Ash Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 14: Asia Pacific (Excluding China): Soda Ash Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 15: Asia Pacific (Excluding China): Soda Ash Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 16: Europe: Soda Ash Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 17: Europe: Soda Ash Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 18: North America: Soda Ash Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 19: North America: Soda Ash Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 20: Latin America: Soda Ash Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 21: Latin America: Soda Ash Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 22: Middle East and Africa: Soda Ash Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 23: Middle East and Africa: Soda Ash Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 24: Global: Soda Ash Market: Breakup by Application (in %), 2024
• Figure 25: Global: Soda Ash Market: Glass (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 26: Global: Soda Ash Market Forecast: Glass (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 27: Global: Soda Ash Market: Soaps and Detergents (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 28: Global: Soda Ash Market Forecast: Soaps and Detergents (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 29: Global: Soda Ash Market: Chemicals (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 30: Global: Soda Ash Market Forecast: Chemicals (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 31: Global: Soda Ash Market: Metallurgy (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 32: Global: Soda Ash Market Forecast: Metallurgy (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 33: Global: Soda Ash Market: Pulp and Paper (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 34: Global: Soda Ash Market Forecast: Pulp and Paper (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 35: Global: Soda Ash Market: Other Applications (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 36: Global: Soda Ash Market Forecast: Other Applications (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 37: Global: Soda Ash Market: Market Share of Key Players (in %)
• Figure 38: Soda Ash Manufacturing Plant: Detailed Process Flow
• Figure 39: Soda Ash Manufacturing Process: Conversion Rate of Salt, Limestone and Coke
• Figure 40: Global: Ammonia Market: Production Volume Trends (in Million Tons), 2019-2024
• Figure 41: Global: Ammonia Market: Value Trends (in Billion USD), 2019-2024
• Figure 42: Global: Ammonia Market: Price Trends (in USD/Ton), 2019-2024
• Figure 43: Global: Ammonia Market: Breakup by Region (in %), 2024
• Figure 44: Global: Ammonia Market: Breakup by Application (in %), 2024
• Figure 45: Global: Limestone Market: Production Volume Trends (in Million Tons), 2019-2024
• Figure 46: Global: Limestone Market: Value Trends (in Billion USD), 2019-2024
• Figure 47: Global: Limestone Market: Price Trends (in USD Per Million Btu), 2019-2024
• Figure 48: Global: Limestone Market: Breakup by Region (in %), 2024
• Figure 49: Global: Limestone Market: Breakup by Application (in %), 2024
• Figure 50: Global: Sodium Chloride Market: Production Volume Trends (in Million Tons), 2019-2024
• Figure 51: Global: Sodium Chloride Market: Value Trends (in Billion USD), 2019-2024
• Figure 52: Global: Sodium Chloride Market: Price Trends (in USD Per Million Btu), 2019-2024
• Figure 53: Global: Sodium Chloride Market: Breakup by Region (in %), 2024
• Figure 54: Global: Sodium Chloride Market: Breakup by Application (in %), 2024

List of Tables

• Table 1: Physical Properties of Soda Ash
• Table 2: Chemical Properties of Soda Ash
• Table 3: Global Soda Ash Market: Key Industry Highlights, 2024 and 2033
• Table 4: Global: Soda Ash: Import Data of Major Countries, 2024
• Table 5: Global: Soda Ash: Export Data of Major Countries, 2024
• Table 6: Global: Soda Ash Market Forecast: Breakup by Region (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Table 7: Global: Soda Ash Market Forecast: Breakup by Application (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Table 8: Soda Ash Manufacturing: Chemical Reactions Involved in Soda Ash production
• Table 9: Soda Ash Manufacturing: Chemical Reactions Involved in Soda Ash Formation
• Table 10: Soda Ash Manufacturing Process: Raw Materials Required
• Table 11: Global: Soda Ash Market: Competitive Structure
• Table 12: Global: Key Ammonia Suppliers
• Table 13: Global: Key Limestone Suppliers
• Table 14: Global: Key Sodium Chloride Suppliers

The global soda ash market size reached USD 20.7 Billion in 2024. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach USD 30.6 Billion by 2033, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 4.4% during 2025-2033. The growing utilization in the construction and automotive industries, increasing employment in wastewater treatment, and rising capacity expansion represent some of the key factors driving the market. At present, China accounts for the largest soda ash market share owing to the proliferating demand from the construction industry.

Rising Demand in Construction and Automotive Industry Augmenting Market Growth

The rising demand in the construction and automotive industries currently represents one of the primary drivers of the soda ash market. The glass industry is the largest end-use industry of soda ash, as it is utilized in the construction industry for manufacturing doors and windows and other related products. Glass is also widely utilized in the automotive industry to produce various automotive parts. There is an increase in commercial estate projects due to changing consumer lifestyles, along with the inflating income level of individuals around the world. Moreover, technological advancements in the glass industry are bolstering the growth of the soda ash market across the globe.

Competitive analysis such as market structure, market share by key players, player positioning, top winning strategies, competitive dashboard, and company evaluation quadrant has been covered in the report. Also, detailed profiles of all major companies have been provided. The market structure is concentrated with some players accounted for more than half of the share in the soda ash industry. The volume of new entrants is low in the soda ash industry due to the high capital investments, concentrated market structure, and stringent rules and regulations for environment protection. Apart from this, the product differentiation is low, as the majority of the market comprises of products with little differentiation between several manufacturers.

What is Soda ash?

Soda ash, also known as sodium carbonate, refers to a white, anhydrous, powdered, or granular substance. It is an alkali chemical that is manufactured from mineral trona, naturally occurring sodium carbonate-bearing brines, or wood ashes of plants grown in salt-bearing soils, such as saltwort, kelp, and seaweed. It is highly purified and widely available in numerous grades that differ primarily in bulk density. It is effective, economical, and beneficial in removing alcohol and grease stains from various clothing materials. Soda ash reacts with water vapor to form sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide (CO2) at a high temperature. It easily removes or de-clarifies phosphates and sulfurs from several non-ferrous and ferrous ores. It also decreases the melting point of silica and is used to manufacture glass. It assists in enhancing the alkalinity of lakes, maintaining the potential of hydrogen (pH) in water, and has disinfectant properties. Besides this, it aids in lowering the acidity of emissions that are generated from a power plant. It is also a suitable alternative to sodium hydroxide in cooking for lying, particularly with lye rolls and German pretzels. As a result, soda ash is widely employed in the automotive, construction, manufacturing, paper and pulp, and soap and detergents industries around the world.

COVID-19 Impact:

The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak has caused a severe problem for the soda ash industry and imposed unprecedented challenges on numerous countries worldwide. The production plants were slowed down or temporarily shut down during the initial months of the widespread pandemic. There was a supply chain disruption on account of the unavailability of raw materials, shortage of labor, and low stocks. In addition to this, the stringent rules and restrictions imposed by the governing agencies of various countries on the cross-border exchange led to a significant negative impact on the overall demand and market of soda ash. Logistics providers were unable to transport goods, particularly across borders. The manufacturers in the soda ash industry faced huge losses due to the restriction on the movement of goods, limitations on road movement, and labor shortages. Apart from this, exports and imports of goods were highly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The port and border restrictions adversely affected trade activities, which has impacted the soda ash industry. However, post-pandemic governing agencies of several countries are providing logistical support for the smooth functioning of exports and imports, and the situation has been continuously improving. Thus, the soda ash industry is expected to rise in the coming years due to the opening of manufacturing units worldwide.

Soda Ash Market Trends:

At present, the increasing utilization of soda ash in the construction and automotive industries for manufacturing glass represents one of the key factors contributing to the growth of the market. Moreover, the rising demand for soda ash in wastewater treatment to maintain hygiene and remove impurities from water is offering lucrative growth opportunities to industry investors. Apart from this, the growing utilization of soda ash for manufacturing dyes, coloring agents, and fertilizers is offering a positive market outlook. In addition to this, there is a rise in the demand for inexpensive and effective cleaning solutions that assist in decreasing stains from clothes. This, coupled with the increasing adoption of soda ash to increase the alkalinity in swimming pools and ensure the proper potential of hydrogen (pH) balance of the water, is propelling the growth of the market. Besides this, the growing demand for soda ash to produce several products in numerous end-use industries is positively influencing the market. Additionally, the increasing employment of soda ash to manufacture sealants and glues across the globe is supporting the growth of the market.

Key Market Segmentation:

Application Insights:

• Glass
• Soaps and detergents
• Chemicals
• Metallurgy
• Pulp and paper
• Others

Regional Insights:

• China
• Asia Pacific (Excluding China)
• Europe
• North America
• Latin America
• Middle East and Africa
• The report has also provided a comprehensive analysis of all the major regional markets, which include China, Asia Pacific (excluding China), Europe, North America, Latin America, and Middle East and Africa. According to the report, China was the largest market for soda ash. Some of the factors driving the China soda ash market included the growing demand from the construction and manufacturing industries, thriving glass industry, and rapid urbanization. In addition to this, the increasing utilization of glass in new housing and infrastructure is propelling the growth of the market. Moreover, there is a rapid utilization of ammonium chloride to produce fertilizer, which is strengthening the market growth in the region. Besides this, soda ash capacity is continuously increasing through greenfield or from debottlenecking existing capacity and it is further expected to rise in the forthcoming years.

Competitive Landscape:

The report has also provided a comprehensive analysis of the competitive landscape in the global soda ash market. Some of the companies covered in the report include:

• Solvay S.A.
• Tata Chemicals Limited
• Shandong Haihua Group Co. Ltd.
• Tronox Limited
• Nirma Limited
• Please note that this only represents a partial list of companies, and the complete list has been provided in the report.

Key Questions Answered in This Report

• 1.What is the size of the soda ash market in 2024?
• 2.What is the expected growth rate of the global soda ash market during 2025-2033?
• 3.What are the key factors driving the global soda ash market?
• 4.What has been the impact of COVID-19 on the global soda ash market?
• 5.What is the breakup of the global soda ash market based on the application?
• 6.What are the key regions in the global soda ash market?
• 7.Who are the key players/companies in the global soda ash market?

Table of Contents

1 Preface

2 Scope and Methodology

• 2.1 Objectives of the study
• 2.2 Stakeholders
• 2.3 Data Sources
  • 2.3.1 Primary Sources
  • 2.3.2 Secondary Sources
• 2.4 Market Estimation
  • 2.4.1 Bottom-Up Approach
  • 2.4.2 Top-Down Approach
• 2.5 Forecasting Methodology

3 Executive Summary

4 Introduction

• 4.1 Overview
• 4.2 Physical and Chemical Properties
• 4.3 Key Industry Trends

5 Global Soda Ash Industry

• 5.1 Market Overview
• 5.2 Market Performance
  • 5.2.1 Volume Trends
  • 5.2.2 Value Trends
• 5.3 Impact of COVID-19
• 5.4 Price Trends
• 5.5 Market Forecast
• 5.6 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6.1 Overview
  • 5.6.2 Strengths
  • 5.6.3 Weaknesses
  • 5.6.4 Opportunities
  • 5.6.5 Threats
• 5.7 Value Chain Analysis
• 5.8 Product Pricing and Margin Analysis
• 5.9 Porter's Five Forces Analysis
  • 5.9.1 Overview
  • 5.9.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
  • 5.9.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
  • 5.9.4 Degree of Rivalry
  • 5.9.5 Threat of New Entrants
  • 5.9.6 Threat of Substitutes
• 5.10 Trade Data
  • 5.10.1 Imports
  • 5.10.2 Exports
• 5.11 Key Market Drivers and Success Factors

6 Performance of Key Regions

• 6.1 China
  • 6.1.1 Market Trends
  • 6.1.2 Market Forecast
• 6.2 Asia Pacific (Excluding China)
  • 6.2.1 Market Trends
  • 6.2.2 Market Forecast
• 6.3 Europe
  • 6.3.1 Market Trends
  • 6.3.2 Market Forecast
• 6.4 North America
  • 6.4.1 Market Trends
  • 6.4.2 Market Forecast
• 6.5 Latin America
  • 6.5.1 Market Trends
  • 6.5.2 Market Forecast
• 6.6 Middle East and Africa
  • 6.6.1 Market Trends
  • 6.6.2 Market Forecast

7 Market Breakup by Application

• 7.1 Glass
  • 7.1.1 Market Trends
  • 7.1.2 Market Forecast
• 7.2 Soaps and Detergents
  • 7.2.1 Market Trends
  • 7.2.2 Market Forecast
• 7.3 Chemicals
  • 7.3.1 Market Trends
  • 7.3.2 Market Forecast
• 7.4 Metallurgy
  • 7.4.1 Market Trends
  • 7.4.2 Market Forecast
• 7.5 Pulp and Paper
  • 7.5.1 Market Trends
  • 7.5.2 Market Forecast
• 7.6 Others
  • 7.6.1 Market Trends
  • 7.6.2 Market Forecast

8 Competitive Landscape

• 8.1 Market Structure
• 8.2 Market Share of Key Players
• 8.3 Key Player Profiles
  • 8.3.1 Solvay S.A.
  • 8.3.2 Tata Chemicals Limited
  • 8.3.3 Shandong Haihua Group Co. Ltd.
  • 8.3.4 Tronox Ltd.
  • 8.3.5 Nirma Limited

9 Soda Ash Manufacturing Process

• 9.1 Product Overview
• 9.2 Chemical Reactions Involved
• 9.3 Detailed Process Flow
• 9.4 Raw Material Requirements
• 9.5 Mass Balance and Feedstock Conversion Rate

10 Soda Ash: Feedstock Analysis

• 10.1 Ammonia
  • 10.1.1 Market Performance
  • 10.1.2 Price Trends
  • 10.1.3 Market Breakup by Region
  • 10.1.4 Market Breakup by Application
  • 10.1.5 Key Suppliers
• 10.2 Limestone
  • 10.2.1 Market Performance
  • 10.2.2 Price Trends
  • 10.2.3 Market Breakup by Region
  • 10.2.4 Market Breakup by Application
  • 10.2.5 Key Suppliers
• 10.3 Sodium Chloride
  • 10.3.1 Market Performance
  • 10.3.2 Price Trends
  • 10.3.3 Market Breakup by Region
  • 10.3.4 Market Breakup by Application
  • 10.3.5 Key Suppliers