キルン・シェル・スキャナーの市場レポート：タイプ、用途、エンドユーザー、地域別、2025-2033年

キルン・シェル・スキャナーの市場の世界市場規模は2024年に2,340万米ドルに達しました。今後、IMARC Groupは、市場は2033年までに2,870万米ドルに達し、2025-2033年の成長率（CAGR）は2.21%になると予測しています。無線技術の採用の増加、セメント産業での製品利用の広がり、広範な研究開発（R&D）が市場を牽引する主な要因の一つです。

キルン・シェル・スキャナーは、キルン・シェルをリアルタイムで監視し、効率的に稼働させるために使用される高性能熱探知器です。キルンの完全な温度プロファイルを表示し、耐火物の破損を示すホットスポットを早期に警告します。赤外線スキャナーヘッド、データ処理装置、ソフトウェアで構成されます。キルン・シェル・スキャナーは、キルンを内張りする耐火物の全体的な状態を監視し、報告するために広く使用されています。また、シェル上の温度変化によるキルンの歪みを計算し、シェル、タイヤ、ローラーステーションが受ける周期的な過負荷と関連する応力を推測するのにも役立ちます。その結果、キルン・シェル・スキャナーは、鉱物、セメント、製紙、パルプ産業で幅広く利用されています。

キルン・シェル・スキャナーの市場傾向：

キルン・シェル・スキャナーへのワイヤレス技術の利用の増加は、市場成長を促進する重要な要因の1つです。 ワイヤレス・キルン・シェル・スキャナーは、手持ち温度計や高温計を使用した手動検査を伴う従来のデータ収集方法よりも広く好まれており、非常に非効率で潜在的に危険です。 これに加えて、エンドユーザーは、近くに設置でき、正確なリアルタイムデータを収集できるワイヤレスデバイスを採用しています。ワイヤレスデバイスは、操作の利便性、工業用データ伝送速度の向上、テザリング不要の操作、危険区域への容易なアクセス、全体的な運用コストの削減などの利点もあり、市場成長に有利です。さらに、セメント、石灰石、石膏の材料、抽出、調製に関する重要な情報を得るために、セメント産業で製品が広く利用されていることも、成長を促進する要因となっています。これとは別に、キルン・シェル・スキャナー技術にクラウド対応ソフトウェアがイントロダクションされ、エンドユーザーが複数のオプションと常時リアルタイムの入力が可能なインタラクティブなプラットフォームを実現し、シェルライニングの欠陥を検出し、より良い意思決定を容易にすることが、市場成長に弾みをつけています。さらに、キルン・シェル・スキャナーはコスト効率の高い方法でデータを収集するため、エンドユーザーにとってスムーズで中断のない生産が保証されます。その他の要因としては、広範な研究開発活動、キルンダウンタイムを最小化する必要性の高まり、安全基準に対する懸念の高まり、紙・パルプ産業での製品利用の広がりなどがあり、市場の見通しは明るいです。

本レポートで扱う主な質問

• 世界のキルン・シェル・スキャナーの市場はこれまでどのように推移し、今後どのように推移するのか？
• 世界のキルン・シェル・スキャナーの市場における促進要因、抑制要因、機会は何か？
• 主要な地域市場とは？
• 最も魅力的なキルン・シェル・スキャナーの市場はどの国か？
• タイプ別の市場内訳は？
• 用途別の市場内訳は？
• 製品エンドユーザー別の市場内訳は？
• 世界のキルン・シェル・スキャナーの市場の競合構造は？
• キルン・シェル・スキャナーの市場の世界市場における主要プレイヤー/企業は？

目次

第1章 序文

第2章 調査範囲と調査手法

• 調査の目的
• ステークホルダー
• データソース
  • 一次情報
  • 二次情報
• 市場推定
  • ボトムアップアプローチ
  • トップダウンアプローチ
• 調査手法

第3章 エグゼクティブサマリー

第4章 イントロダクション

• 概要
• 主要業界動向

第5章 世界のキルン・シェル・スキャナーの市場

• 市場概要
• 市場実績
• COVID-19の影響
• 市場予測

第6章 市場内訳：タイプ別

• 標準スキャナ
  • 市場動向
  • 市場予測
• ステレオスキャナ
  • 市場動向
  • 市場予測

第7章 市場内訳：用途別

• オンライン測定
  • 市場動向
  • 市場予測
• 予防保守
  • 市場動向
  • 市場予測

第8章 市場内訳：エンドユーザー別

• 鉱物産業
  • 市場動向
  • 市場予測
• セメント産業
  • 市場動向
  • 市場予測
• パルプ・製紙産業
  • 市場動向
  • 市場予測

第9章 市場内訳：地域別

• 北米
  • 米国
  • カナダ
• アジア太平洋地域
  • 中国
  • 日本
  • インド
  • 韓国
  • オーストラリア
  • インドネシア
  • その他
• 欧州
  • ドイツ
  • フランス
  • 英国
  • イタリア
  • スペイン
  • ロシア
  • その他
• ラテンアメリカ
  • ブラジル
  • メキシコ
  • その他
• 中東・アフリカ
  • 市場動向
  • 市場内訳：国別
  • 市場予測

第10章 促進要因・抑制要因・機会

• 概要
• 促進要因
• 抑制要因
• 機会

第11章 バリューチェーン分析

第12章 ポーターのファイブフォース分析

• 概要
• バイヤーの交渉力
• 供給企業の交渉力
• 競合の程度
• 新規参入業者の脅威
• 代替品の脅威

第13章 価格分析

第14章 競合情勢

• 市場構造
• 主要企業
• 主要企業のプロファイル
  • AMETEK Land
  • Flsmidth & Co. A/S
  • HGH Infrared Systems
  • Syn-Fab
  • Thermoteknix Systems Ltd.
  • ThyssenKrupp AG

List of Figures

• Figure 1: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Major Drivers and Challenges
• Figure 2: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019-2024
• Figure 3: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 4: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Breakup by Type (in %), 2024
• Figure 5: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Breakup by Applications (in %), 2024
• Figure 6: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Breakup by End User (in %), 2024
• Figure 7: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Breakup by Region (in %), 2024
• Figure 8: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner (Standard Scanner) Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 9: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner (Standard Scanner) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 10: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner (Stereo Scanner) Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 11: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner (Stereo Scanner) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 12: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner (On-Line Measurement) Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 13: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner (On-Line Measurement) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 14: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner (Preventative Maintenance) Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 15: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner (Preventative Maintenance) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 16: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner (Minerals Industry) Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 17: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner (Minerals Industry) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 18: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner (Cement Industry) Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 19: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner (Cement Industry) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 20: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner (Pulp and Paper Industry) Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 21: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner (Pulp and Paper Industry) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 22: North America: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 23: North America: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 24: United States: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 25: United States: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 26: Canada: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 27: Canada: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 28: Asia-Pacific: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 29: Asia-Pacific: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 30: China: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 31: China: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 32: Japan: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 33: Japan: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 34: India: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 35: India: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 36: South Korea: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 37: South Korea: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 38: Australia: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 39: Australia: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 40: Indonesia: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 41: Indonesia: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 42: Others: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 43: Others: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 44: Europe: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 45: Europe: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 46: Germany: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 47: Germany: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 48: France: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 49: France: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 50: United Kingdom: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 51: United Kingdom: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 52: Italy: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 53: Italy: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 54: Spain: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 55: Spain: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 56: Russia: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 57: Russia: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 58: Others: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 59: Others: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 60: Latin America: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 61: Latin America: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 62: Brazil: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 63: Brazil: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 64: Mexico: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 65: Mexico: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 66: Others: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 67: Others: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 68: Middle East and Africa: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
• Figure 69: Middle East and Africa: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Breakup by Country (in %), 2024
• Figure 70: Middle East and Africa: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Figure 71: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Industry: Drivers, Restraints, and Opportunities
• Figure 72: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Industry: Value Chain Analysis
• Figure 73: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Industry: Porter's Five Forces Analysis

List of Tables

• Table 1: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Key Industry Highlights, 2024 & 2033
• Table 2: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Breakup by Type (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Table 3: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Breakup by Applications (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Table 4: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Breakup by End User (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Table 5: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Market Forecast: Breakup by Region (in Million USD), 2025-2033
• Table 6: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Competitive Structure
• Table 7: Global: Kiln Shell Scanner Market: Key Players

The global kiln shell scanner market size reached USD 23.4 Million in 2024. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach USD 28.7 Million by 2033, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 2.21% during 2025-2033. The increasing adoption of wireless technology, the widespread product utilization in the cement industry, and extensive research and development (R&D) activities represent some of the key factors driving the market.

A kiln shell scanner is a high-performance thermal detector used to monitor a kiln shell in real time to ensure it operates efficiently. It displays the complete temperature profile of the kiln and gives early warning of hot spots indicative of refractory failure. It consists of an infrared scanner head, a data processing unit, and software. A kiln shell scanner is widely used to monitor and report the overall condition of the refractory materials lining the kiln. It also helps calculate the kiln distortion induced by temperature changes over the shell to infer the cyclical overloads and associated stresses suffered by the shell, tires, and roller stations. As a result, kiln shell scanner finds extensive applications across the minerals, cement, paper, and pulp industries.

Kiln Shell Scanner Market Trends:

The increasing utilization of wireless technology for kiln shell scanners is one of the key factors driving the market growth. Wireless kiln shell scanners are widely preferred over conventional data collection methods that involve manual inspections with handheld thermometers and pyrometers and are highly inefficient and potentially dangerous. In addition to this, end users are adopting wireless devices that can be placed in close proximity and collect accurate real-time data, they also offer advantages, such as the convenience of operations, increased speed of industrial data transmissions, untethered operations, easy access to hazardous areas, and an overall reduction in operational costs which is favoring the market growth. Moreover, the widespread product utilization in the cement industry to obtain vital information on cement, limestone, and gypsum materials, extraction, and preparation is acting as another growth-inducing factor. Apart from this, the introduction of cloud-enabled software in the kiln shell scanner technology, which enables an interactive platform for end-users with multiple options and constant real-time input, helps detect defects in shell lining, and facilitates better decision-making, is providing an impetus to the market growth. Additionally, kiln shell scanners ensure the collection of data in a cost-effective manner, which, in turn, ensure smooth and uninterrupted production for end users. This, along with other factors, including extensive research and development (R&D) activities, the increasing need to minimize kiln downtime, rising concerns over safety standards, and the widespread product utilization in the paper and pulp industry, is creating a positive outlook for the market.

Key Market Segmentation:

Type Insights:

• Standard Scanner
• Stereo Scanner

Applications Insights:

• On-Line Measurement
• Preventative Maintenance

End User Insights:

• Minerals Industry
• Cement Industry
• Pulp and Paper Industry

Regional Insights:

• North America
• United States
• Canada
• Asia Pacific
• China
• Japan
• India
• South Korea
• Australia
• Indonesia
• Others
• Europe
• Germany
• France
• United Kingdom
• Italy
• Spain
• Russia
• Others
• Latin America
• Brazil
• Mexico
• Others
• Middle East and Africa
• The report has also provided a comprehensive analysis of all the major regional markets that include North America (the United States and Canada); Asia Pacific (China, Japan, India, South Korea, Australia, Indonesia, and others); Europe (Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, Russia, and others); Latin America (Brazil, Mexico, and others); and Middle East and Africa. According to the report, Asia Pacific was the largest market for kiln shell scanners. Some of the factors driving the Asia Pacific kiln shell scanner market included rising extensive research and development (R&D) activities, technological advancements, and the widespread product utilization in the cement industry.

Competitive Landscape:

• The report has also provided a comprehensive analysis of the competitive landscape in the global kiln shell scanner market. Detailed profiles of all major companies have also been provided. Some of the companies covered include AMETEK Land, Flsmidth & Co. A/S, HGH Infrared Systems, Syn-Fab, Thermoteknix Systems Ltd., ThyssenKrupp AG, etc. Kindly note that this only represents a partial list of companies, and the complete list has been provided in the report.

Key Questions Answered in This Report:

• How has the global kiln shell scanner market performed so far and how will it perform in the coming years?
• What are the drivers, restraints, and opportunities in the global kiln shell scanner market?
• What are the key regional markets?
• Which countries represent the most attractive kiln shell scanner markets?
• What is the breakup of the market based on the type?
• What is the breakup of the market based on the applications?
• What is the breakup of the market based on the product end user?
• What is the competitive structure of the global kiln shell scanner market?
• Who are the key players/companies in the global kiln shell scanner market?

Table of Contents

1 Preface

2 Scope and Methodology

• 2.1 Objectives of the Study
• 2.2 Stakeholders
• 2.3 Data Sources
  • 2.3.1 Primary Sources
  • 2.3.2 Secondary Sources
• 2.4 Market Estimation
  • 2.4.1 Bottom-Up Approach
  • 2.4.2 Top-Down Approach
• 2.5 Forecasting Methodology

3 Executive Summary

4 Introduction

• 4.1 Overview
• 4.2 Key Industry Trends

5 Global Kiln Shell Scanner Market

• 5.1 Market Overview
• 5.2 Market Performance
• 5.3 Impact of COVID-19
• 5.4 Market Forecast

6 Market Breakup by Type

• 6.1 Standard Scanner
  • 6.1.1 Market Trends
  • 6.1.2 Market Forecast
• 6.2 Stereo Scanner
  • 6.2.1 Market Trends
  • 6.2.2 Market Forecast

7 Market Breakup by Applications

• 7.1 On-Line Measurement
  • 7.1.1 Market Trends
  • 7.1.2 Market Forecast
• 7.2 Preventative Maintenance
  • 7.2.1 Market Trends
  • 7.2.2 Market Forecast

8 Market Breakup by End User

• 8.1 Minerals Industry
  • 8.1.1 Market Trends
  • 8.1.2 Market Forecast
• 8.2 Cement Industry
  • 8.2.1 Market Trends
  • 8.2.2 Market Forecast
• 8.3 Pulp and Paper Industry
  • 8.3.1 Market Trends
  • 8.3.2 Market Forecast

9 Market Breakup by Region

• 9.1 North America
  • 9.1.1 United States
    • 9.1.1.1 Market Trends
    • 9.1.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.1.2 Canada
    • 9.1.2.1 Market Trends
    • 9.1.2.2 Market Forecast
• 9.2 Asia-Pacific
  • 9.2.1 China
    • 9.2.1.1 Market Trends
    • 9.2.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.2.2 Japan
    • 9.2.2.1 Market Trends
    • 9.2.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.2.3 India
    • 9.2.3.1 Market Trends
    • 9.2.3.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.2.4 South Korea
    • 9.2.4.1 Market Trends
    • 9.2.4.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.2.5 Australia
    • 9.2.5.1 Market Trends
    • 9.2.5.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.2.6 Indonesia
    • 9.2.6.1 Market Trends
    • 9.2.6.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.2.7 Others
    • 9.2.7.1 Market Trends
    • 9.2.7.2 Market Forecast
• 9.3 Europe
  • 9.3.1 Germany
    • 9.3.1.1 Market Trends
    • 9.3.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.3.2 France
    • 9.3.2.1 Market Trends
    • 9.3.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.3.3 United Kingdom
    • 9.3.3.1 Market Trends
    • 9.3.3.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.3.4 Italy
    • 9.3.4.1 Market Trends
    • 9.3.4.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.3.5 Spain
    • 9.3.5.1 Market Trends
    • 9.3.5.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.3.6 Russia
    • 9.3.6.1 Market Trends
    • 9.3.6.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.3.7 Others
    • 9.3.7.1 Market Trends
    • 9.3.7.2 Market Forecast
• 9.4 Latin America
  • 9.4.1 Brazil
    • 9.4.1.1 Market Trends
    • 9.4.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.4.2 Mexico
    • 9.4.2.1 Market Trends
    • 9.4.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 9.4.3 Others
    • 9.4.3.1 Market Trends
    • 9.4.3.2 Market Forecast
• 9.5 Middle East and Africa
  • 9.5.1 Market Trends
  • 9.5.2 Market Breakup by Country
  • 9.5.3 Market Forecast

10 Drivers, Restraints, and Opportunities

• 10.1 Overview
• 10.2 Drivers
• 10.3 Restraints
• 10.4 Opportunities

11 Value Chain Analysis

12 Porters Five Forces Analysis

• 12.1 Overview
• 12.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
• 12.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
• 12.4 Degree of Competition
• 12.5 Threat of New Entrants
• 12.6 Threat of Substitutes

13 Price Analysis

14 Competitive Landscape

• 14.1 Market Structure
• 14.2 Key Players
• 14.3 Profiles of Key Players
  • 14.3.1 AMETEK Land
    • 14.3.1.1 Company Overview
    • 14.3.1.2 Product Portfolio
  • 14.3.2 Flsmidth & Co. A/S
    • 14.3.2.1 Company Overview
    • 14.3.2.2 Product Portfolio
    • 14.3.2.3 Financials
    • 14.3.2.4 SWOT Analysis
  • 14.3.3 HGH Infrared Systems
    • 14.3.3.1 Company Overview
    • 14.3.3.2 Product Portfolio
  • 14.3.4 Syn-Fab
    • 14.3.4.1 Company Overview
    • 14.3.4.2 Product Portfolio
  • 14.3.5 Thermoteknix Systems Ltd.
    • 14.3.5.1 Company Overview
    • 14.3.5.2 Product Portfolio
  • 14.3.6 ThyssenKrupp AG
    • 14.3.6.1 Company Overview
    • 14.3.6.2 Product Portfolio
    • 14.3.6.3 Financials
    • 14.3.6.4 SWOT Analysis

Kindly note that this only represents a partial list of companies, and the complete list has been provided in the report.