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市場調査レポート
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1422928

クロム採掘市場:タイプ、エンドユーザー、地域別、2024年~2032年

Chromium Mining Market by Type (Metallurgical Chromite, Chemical and Foundry Sand Chromite, Refractory Chromite), End User (Stainless Steel, Alloy Steel), and Region 2024-2032

出版日: | 発行: IMARC | ページ情報: 英文 143 Pages | 納期: 2~3営業日

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価格
価格表記: USDを日本円(税抜)に換算
本日の銀行送金レート: 1USD=156.76円
クロム採掘市場:タイプ、エンドユーザー、地域別、2024年~2032年
出版日: 2024年01月30日
発行: IMARC
ページ情報: 英文 143 Pages
納期: 2~3営業日
  • 全表示
  • 概要
  • 図表
  • 目次
概要

世界のクロム採掘市場規模は2023年に4,400万トンに達しました。IMARC Groupは、2032年の市場規模は6,190万トンに達し、2024~2032年の成長率(CAGR)は3.75%になると予測しています。冶金産業の拡大、広範な研究開発(R&D)活動、政府投資の増加が市場を牽引する主な要因のひとつです。

クロムは光沢のある硬質な青灰色の金属で、岩石、動物、植物、土壌、火山塵、ガスなどに自然に含まれています。クロムは主にクロマイトという鉱物から採掘され、地表採掘と地下採掘が行われます。通常、クロマイト鉱石の採掘にはまず地表技術が使用されます。この方法には露天掘りが含まれ、クロマイトを含まない表層物質とクロマイト鉱石が一般的にそこから抽出されます。一方、発破孔停止技術は、地下採掘を実施するために一般的に利用されています。クロムは、鋼の硬化、合金の製造、ステンレス鋼の製造、染料、顔料の製造、冷却塔の水の処理、皮革や木材の保存などに広く使用されています。また、鉄鋼製品の耐久性、強度、靭性、耐食性、耐薬品性も発揮します。

クロム採掘市場の動向:

世界中の冶金産業におけるクロム需要の増加は、市場成長を促進する重要な要因の1つです。鉄鋼やアルミニウムなどの金属生産におけるクロム需要の高まりにより、クロム採掘プロセスが広く利用されています。これに伴い、カトラリー、手術器具、車の排気装置、シートベルト、キッチンシンクの製造に広く利用されているステンレス鋼の製造に広く利用されているプロセスも、市場成長を後押ししています。さらに、自動車産業におけるピストンリング、ショックアブソーバー、エンジンバルブ、ブレーキピストンの製造にクロムが利用されていることも、成長を促す大きな要因となっています。これとは別に、設備投資が少なくて済み、柔軟性のあるクロマイト製錬技術のイントロダクションが市場成長の原動力となっています。さらに、真鍮、錫、鋼、鉄の循環水システム、ブライン、ディップの抑制剤として塗料に広く使用されるクロム顔料を得るためのクロム採掘活動の増加が、市場成長にプラスの影響を与えています。さらに、慢性疾患や深刻な健康状態に陥りがちな老年人口の増加を背景に、医療産業でクロムが広く採用されていることも、市場の成長を後押ししています。クロムは血糖値の調整に不可欠な医薬品の製造に広く使用されており、これが市場成長を促進しています。その他の要因としては、金属生産の増加、広範な研究開発(R&D)活動、金属・鉱業産業への政府投資の増加などがあり、市場成長の原動力になると予想されます。

本レポートで扱う主な質問

  • 世界のクロム採掘市場はこれまでどのように推移し、今後数年間はどのように推移するのか?
  • 世界のクロム採掘市場における市場促進要因、抑制要因、機会は何か?
  • 主要な地域市場とは?
  • クロム採掘市場で最も魅力的な国は?
  • タイプ別の市場内訳は?
  • エンドユーザー別の市場内訳は?
  • 世界のクロム採掘市場の競争構造は?
  • クロム鉱山の世界市場における主要プレーヤー/企業は?

目次

第1章 序文

第2章 調査範囲と調査手法

  • 調査目的
  • 利害関係者
  • データソース
    • 一次情報
    • 二次情報
  • 市場推定
    • ボトムアップアプローチ
    • トップダウンアプローチ
  • 調査手法

第3章 エグゼクティブサマリー

第4章 イントロダクション

  • 概要
  • 主要産業動向

第5章 クロム採掘の世界市場

  • 市場概要
  • 市場実績
  • COVID-19の影響
  • 市場予測

第6章 市場内訳:タイプ別

  • 冶金用クロマイト
    • 市場動向
    • 市場予測
  • 化学・鋳物砂用クロマイト
    • 市場動向
    • 市場予測
  • 耐火物用クロマイト
    • 市場動向
    • 市場予測

第7章 市場内訳:エンドユーザー別

  • ステンレス鋼
    • 市場動向
    • 市場予測
  • 合金鋼
    • 市場動向
    • 市場予測

第8章 市場内訳:地域別

  • 北米
    • 米国
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • カナダ
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
  • アジア太平洋
    • 中国
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • 日本
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • インド
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • 韓国
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • オーストラリア
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • インドネシア
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • その他
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
  • 欧州
    • ドイツ
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • フランス
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • 英国
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • イタリア
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • スペイン
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • ロシア
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • その他
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
  • ラテンアメリカ
    • ブラジル
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • メキシコ
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
    • その他
      • 市場動向
      • 市場予測
  • 中東・アフリカ地域
    • 市場動向
    • 市場内訳:国別
    • 市場予測

第9章 促進要因・抑制要因・機会

  • 市場概要
  • 促進要因
  • 抑制要因
  • 機会

第10章 バリューチェーン分析

第11章 ポーターのファイブフォース分析

  • 概要
  • 買い手の交渉力
  • 供給企業の交渉力
  • 競合の程度
  • 新規参入業者の脅威
  • 代替品の脅威

第12章 価格分析

第13章 競合情勢

  • 市場構造
  • 主要企業
  • 主要企業のプロファイル
    • Afarak Group SE
    • Assore Limited
    • Glencore plc
    • KWG Resources Inc
    • Outokompu Oyj
    • Samancore Chrome
    • Yilmaden
図表

List of Figures

  • Figure 1: Global: Chromium Mining Market: Major Drivers and Challenges
  • Figure 2: Global: Chromium Mining Market: Volume Trends (in Million Tons), 2018-2023
  • Figure 3: Global: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Volume Trends (in Million Tons), 2024-2032
  • Figure 4: Global: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018-2023
  • Figure 5: Global: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 6: Global: Chromium Mining Market: Breakup by Type (in %), 2023
  • Figure 7: Global: Chromium Mining Market: Breakup by End User (in %), 2023
  • Figure 8: Global: Chromium Mining Market: Breakup by Region (in %), 2023
  • Figure 9: Global: Chromium Mining (Metallurgical Chromite) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 10: Global: Chromium Mining (Metallurgical Chromite) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 11: Global: Chromium Mining (Chemical and Foundry Sand Chromite) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 12: Global: Chromium Mining (Chemical and Foundry Sand Chromite) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 13: Global: Chromium Mining (Refractory Chromite) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 14: Global: Chromium Mining (Refractory Chromite) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 15: Global: Chromium Mining (Stainless Steel) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 16: Global: Chromium Mining (Stainless Steel) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 17: Global: Chromium Mining (Alloy Steel) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 18: Global: Chromium Mining (Alloy Steel) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 19: North America: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 20: North America: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 21: United States: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 22: United States: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 23: Canada: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 24: Canada: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 25: Asia-Pacific: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 26: Asia-Pacific: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 27: China: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 28: China: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 29: Japan: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 30: Japan: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 31: India: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 32: India: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 33: South Korea: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 34: South Korea: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 35: Australia: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 36: Australia: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 37: Indonesia: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 38: Indonesia: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 39: Others: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 40: Others: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 41: Europe: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 42: Europe: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 43: Germany: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 44: Germany: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 45: France: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 46: France: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 47: United Kingdom: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 48: United Kingdom: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 49: Italy: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 50: Italy: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 51: Spain: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 52: Spain: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 53: Russia: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 54: Russia: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 55: Others: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 56: Others: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 57: Latin America: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 58: Latin America: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 59: Brazil: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 60: Brazil: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 61: Mexico: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 62: Mexico: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 63: Others: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 64: Others: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 65: Middle East and Africa: Chromium Mining Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 66: Middle East and Africa: Chromium Mining Market: Breakup by Country (in %), 2023
  • Figure 67: Middle East and Africa: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 68: Global: Chromium Mining Industry: Drivers, Restraints, and Opportunities
  • Figure 69: Global: Chromium Mining Industry: Value Chain Analysis
  • Figure 70: Global: Chromium Mining Industry: Porter's Five Forces Analysis

List of Tables

  • Table 1: Global: Chromium Mining Market: Key Industry Highlights, 2023 & 2032
  • Table 2: Global: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Breakup by Type (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Table 3: Global: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Breakup by End User (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Table 4: Global: Chromium Mining Market Forecast: Breakup by Region (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Table 5: Global: Chromium Mining Market: Competitive Structure
  • Table 6: Global: Chromium Mining Market: Key Players
目次
Product Code: SR112024A6816

Abstract

The global chromium mining market size reached 44.0 Million Tons in 2023. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach 61.9 Million Tons by 2032, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 3.75% during 2024-2032. The expansion in the metallurgy industry, extensive research and development (R&D) activities and increasing government investment represent some of the key factors driving the market.

Chromium is a lustrous, hard, bluish-gray metal found naturally in rocks, animals, plants, soil, volcanic dust, and gasses. It is chiefly obtained from the mineral chromite that is carried out by surface techniques and underground mining processes. Surface techniques are usually used first to mine chromite ore. The method includes an open pit, from which the non-chromite-bearing surface materials and chromite ores are generally extracted. On the other hand, blasthole stoping techniques are commonly utilized for carrying out underground mining. Chromium is widely used to harden steel, make alloys, manufacture stainless steel, dyes, and pigments, treat cool tower water, and preserve leather and wood. It also exhibits durability, strength, toughness, corrosion, and chemical resistance to iron-steel products.

Chromium Mining Market Trends:

The increasing demand for chromium in the metallurgy industry across the globe is one of the key factors driving the market growth. The chromium mining process is widely used due to the rising demand for chromium for the production of metals, such as steel and aluminum. In line with this, the widespread process utilization for producing stainless steel, which is widely utilized in the manufacturing of cutlery, surgical tools, car exhaust systems, seatbelts, and kitchen sinks, is favoring the market growth. Additionally, the utilization of chromium for producing piston rings, shock absorbers, engine valves, and brake pistons in the automotive industry is acting as another major growth-inducing factor. Apart from this, the introduction of chromite smelting technology that requires low capital investment and offers flexibility is providing an impetus to the market growth. Moreover, the increasing chromium mining activities to obtain pigments of chromium that are widely used in paints as inhibitors for recirculating water systems, brines, and dips for brass, tin, steel, and iron, is positively influencing the market growth. Furthermore, the widespread adoption of chromium in the medical industry owing to the rising geriatric population prone to chronic diseases and serious health conditions is driving the market growth. Chromium is widely used for manufacturing medicines essential in regulating blood sugar levels, which is propelling the market growth. Other factors, including rising production of metals, extensive research and development (R&D) activities and increasing government investment in the metal and mining industry, are anticipated to drive the market growth.

Key Market Segmentation:

IMARC Group provides an analysis of the key trends in each segment of the global chromium mining market, along with forecasts at the global, regional, and country level from 2024-2032. Our report has categorized the market based on the type and end user.

Type Insights:

Metallurgical Chromite

Chemical and Foundry Sand Chromite

Refractory Chromite

The report has provided a detailed breakup and analysis of the chromium mining market based on the type. This includes metallurgical, chemical, and foundry sand and refractory chromite. According to the report, metallurgical chromite represented the largest segment.

End User Insights:

Stainless Steel

Alloy Steel

The report has provided a detailed breakup and analysis of the chromium mining market based on the end user. This includes stainless and alloy steel. According to the report, stainless steel represented the largest segment.

Regional Insights:

North America

United States

Canada

Asia Pacific

China

Japan

India

South Korea

Australia

Indonesia

Others

Europe

Germany

France

United Kingdom

Italy

Spain

Russia

Others

Latin America

Brazil

Mexico

Others

Middle East and Africa

The report has also provided a comprehensive analysis of all the major regional markets that include North America (the United States and Canada); Europe (Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, Russia, and others); Asia Pacific (China, Japan, India, South Korea, Australia, Indonesia, and others); Latin America (Brazil, Mexico, and others); and the Middle East and Africa. According to the report, Asia Pacific was the largest market for chromium mining. Some of the factors driving the Asia Pacific chromium mining market included widespread process utilization for producing stainless steel, significant technological advancements, and extensive research and development (R&D) activities.

Competitive Landscape:

The report has also provided a comprehensive analysis of the competitive landscape in the global chromium mining market. Detailed profiles of all major companies have also been provided. Some of the companies covered include Afarak Group SE, Assore Limited, Glencore plc, KWG Resources Inc, Outokompu Oyj, Samancore Chrome, Yilmaden, etc.

Key Questions Answered in This Report:

  • How has the global chromium mining market performed so far and how will it perform in the coming years?
  • What are the drivers, restraints, and opportunities in the global chromium mining market?
  • What are the key regional markets?
  • Which countries represent the most attractive chromium mining markets?
  • What is the breakup of the market based on the type?
  • What is the breakup of the market based on the end user?
  • What is the competitive structure of the global chromium mining market?
  • Who are the key players/companies in the global chromium mining market?

Table of Contents

1 Preface

2 Scope and Methodology

  • 2.1 Objectives of the Study
  • 2.2 Stakeholders
  • 2.3 Data Sources
    • 2.3.1 Primary Sources
    • 2.3.2 Secondary Sources
  • 2.4 Market Estimation
    • 2.4.1 Bottom-Up Approach
    • 2.4.2 Top-Down Approach
  • 2.5 Forecasting Methodology

3 Executive Summary

4 Introduction

  • 4.1 Overview
  • 4.2 Key Industry Trends

5 Global Chromium Mining Market

  • 5.1 Market Overview
  • 5.2 Market Performance
  • 5.3 Impact of COVID-19
  • 5.4 Market Forecast

6 Market Breakup by Type

  • 6.1 Metallurgical Chromite
    • 6.1.1 Market Trends
    • 6.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 6.2 Chemical and Foundry Sand Chromite
    • 6.2.1 Market Trends
    • 6.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 6.3 Refractory Chromite
    • 6.3.1 Market Trends
    • 6.3.2 Market Forecast

7 Market Breakup by End User

  • 7.1 Stainless Steel
    • 7.1.1 Market Trends
    • 7.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 7.2 Alloy Steel
    • 7.2.1 Market Trends
    • 7.2.2 Market Forecast

8 Market Breakup by Region

  • 8.1 North America
    • 8.1.1 United States
      • 8.1.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.1.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.1.2 Canada
      • 8.1.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.1.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.2 Asia-Pacific
    • 8.2.1 China
      • 8.2.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.2 Japan
      • 8.2.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.3 India
      • 8.2.3.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.3.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.4 South Korea
      • 8.2.4.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.4.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.5 Australia
      • 8.2.5.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.5.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.6 Indonesia
      • 8.2.6.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.6.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.7 Others
      • 8.2.7.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.7.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.3 Europe
    • 8.3.1 Germany
      • 8.3.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.2 France
      • 8.3.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.3 United Kingdom
      • 8.3.3.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.3.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.4 Italy
      • 8.3.4.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.4.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.5 Spain
      • 8.3.5.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.5.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.6 Russia
      • 8.3.6.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.6.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.7 Others
      • 8.3.7.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.7.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.4 Latin America
    • 8.4.1 Brazil
      • 8.4.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.4.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.4.2 Mexico
      • 8.4.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.4.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.4.3 Others
      • 8.4.3.1 Market Trends
      • 8.4.3.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.5 Middle East and Africa
    • 8.5.1 Market Trends
    • 8.5.2 Market Breakup by Country
    • 8.5.3 Market Forecast

9 Drivers, Restraints, and Opportunities

  • 9.1 Overview
  • 9.2 Drivers
  • 9.3 Restraints
  • 9.4 Opportunities

10 Value Chain Analysis

11 Porters Five Forces Analysis

  • 11.1 Overview
  • 11.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
  • 11.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
  • 11.4 Degree of Competition
  • 11.5 Threat of New Entrants
  • 11.6 Threat of Substitutes

12 Price Analysis

13 Competitive Landscape

  • 13.1 Market Structure
  • 13.2 Key Players
  • 13.3 Profiles of Key Players
    • 13.3.1 Afarak Group SE
      • 13.3.1.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.1.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.2 Assore Limited
      • 13.3.2.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.2.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.3 Glencore plc
      • 13.3.3.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.3.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.4 KWG Resources Inc
      • 13.3.4.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.4.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.5 Outokompu Oyj
      • 13.3.5.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.5.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.5.3 Financials
      • 13.3.5.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.6 Samancore Chrome
      • 13.3.6.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.6.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.7 Yilmaden
      • 13.3.7.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.7.2 Product Portfolio