Product Code: MCP-7880
This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Automotive Seats in US$ Million. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Rest of World. Annual estimates and forecasts are provided for the period 2016 through 2024. Also, a five-year historic analysis is provided for these markets. Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are primarily based on public domain information including company URLs. The report profiles 35 companies including many key and niche players such as -
Adient
BRIDE Co., Ltd.
Brose Fahrzeugteile GmbH & Co. KG
Camaco LLC
C.I.E.B. Kahovec, spol. s r.o.
Daewon Kang up Co., Ltd
Table of Contents
I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS
Study Reliability and Reporting Limitations
Disclaimers
Data Interpretation & Reporting Level
- Quantitative Techniques & Analytics
Product Definitions and Scope of Study
II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
- Automotive Seats: The Most Important Component in Vehicle Interiors
- Table 1: As an Important Component of Vehicle Interiors, Seats to Witness Strong Growth in the US$176 Billion Automobile Interiors Market: Global Automobile Interiors Market (In US$ Billion) for the Years 2018, 2022 and 2025 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Robust Penetration of Sophisticated Seating Solutions in Mass Market Vehicles: A Key Growth Driver
- Table 2: Consumer Preference for Smaller Cars Low on Price and High on Luxury and Comfort Features to Drive Increased Penetration of Advanced Seating Solutions in Mass Market Cars: Global Breakdown of Light Vehicle Sales (In 000 Units) by Category for the Years 2016, 2019 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Automotive Electronification Revolutionizes the Seemingly Unremarkable Car Seat
- Table 3: Growing Penetration Of Electronics In An Average Automobile To Benefit Adoption Of Electronically Controlled Seats: % Breakdown of the Total Cost of Electronics in an Automobile for the Years 1970, 1980, 2000, 2017, 2020 and 2030 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Stringent Safety Regulations Spur Focus on Developing Safe and Reliable Automotive Seats
- Table 4: The Growing Commercial Value Of Safety Technologies Encourages Seating Integrated Safety Innovations: Global Passenger Car Safety Systems Market (In US$ Billion) for the Years 2016, 2018 and 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Lightweight Automotive Seating Structures Grow in Prominence
- Table 5: Massive Engineering Interest In Lightweighting As Measured By The Robust Demand for Automotive Lightweight Materials, Catalyzes Engineering Focus on Lighter Seats: Global Automotive Lightweight Materials Market (In US$ Billion) for the Years 2017, 2020 & 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 6: A Comparison Of Weight Of Steel Seat Structure & Composite Seat Structure (In Kg) By Component (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Progressive Advancements in Autonomous Cars Step Up the Focus On Smart Seats
- Table 7: As Connected Seats Become Vital to the Success of Autonomous Cars, R&D Spending on Seating Innovations is Forecast to Grow Strong: Value of Funding Secured (In US$ Million) by Top Ten Autonomous Car Startups in the Year 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Expanding Vehicle Fleet & Availability of Technologically Savvy Seats at Affordable Prices Drive Growth in the Aftermarket
- Table 8: Rising Passenger Car Density Expands the Addressable Market for Replacement Seats in the Aftermarket: Global Passenger Car Population by Type (in Million Units) for the years 2017 and 2035 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Slowing Passenger Car Sales as the New Normal & Huge Technological Challenges Faced by the Auto Value Chain Steps Up the Operating Pressure for Tier 1 Auto Component Suppliers
- Table 9: With the Auto Industry Moving Past the Recovery Boom Period, Tier 1 Suppliers Face the Competitive Challenge to Enhance Operational Efficiencies to Sustain Profitability: Global Sales of Passenger Cars (In 000 Units) for the Years 2016, 2019, 2022, and 2025 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Vehicle Production Gains in China to Drive Growth in the Asian Market
- Table 10: With Over 23 Million Automobiles Rolling off the Assembly Line, Robust Production in China Offers a Fertile Environment for the Growth of Seating Systems in the OEM Market: Global Top Automotive Manufacturing Countries (Production in 000 Units) for the Years 2015, 2016 and 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Automotive Seat Manufacturing Shifts to Asia
- Table 11: A Review of Leading Exporters of Auto Parts & Components Worldwide for the Year 2017, Ranked by Each Country's Share in Total Global Exports (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Continuous Innovation to Benefit Growth in the Market
- Comfort, Compact Form Factor, Safety, Digital Convenience & Aesthetics: The Primary Criterions for Innovation
- Table 12: Growing Automotive R&D Spending in the Wake of the Industry's Migration Towards Smart Cars Bodes Well for Healthy Innovation in Seating Systems: Global Spending on Automotive Research and Development (In US$ Billion) for the Years 2012, 2015, 2018, & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Expanding Middle Class Population in Developing Countries to Boost Demand for Intelligent Seating Solutions and High-End Premium Seat Trim
- Table 13: As the Key Demographic Driver of Consumerism, Growing Middle Class Population to Drive Demand for Intelligent Seating Solutions in Automobiles: Global Middle Class Population (In Million) by Geographic Region for the Years 2017, 2022 & 2030 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 14: Breakdown of World Middle Class Spending (In US$ Trillion) by Region for the Years 2017 & 2030 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Market Share Finding
- Table 15: Global Market for Automotive Seating Systems: % Market Share Breakdown of Leading Players for the Year 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 16: Global Market for Automotive Seats: % Breakdown of Revenues by End-Use Sector - Passenger Cars, Light Commercial Vehicles (LCVs) and Medium & Heavy Commercial Vehicles (M&HCVs) for the Year 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Market Outlook
2. PRODUCT OVERVIEW
- Introduction
- Mechanisms for Seat Adjustment
- Length Adjusters
- Height Adjusters and Tilt Adjusters
- Recliners
- Crash Active Headrests
- Types of Add-On Seats and Safety Features
- Anti-submarine Seat
- Bucket and Bench Seats
- Power Seats
- Seats for Disabled Passengers
- Child Safety Seats
- Regulations Influencing Child Safety Seats Globally
- Types of Child Safety Seats
- Infant Seats
- Convertible Seats
- Combination Seats
- Booster Seats
- Classification of Child Safety Seats
- Group 0 -
- Group 0+
- Group 1 -
- Group 2 -
- Group 3 -
- The Evolution of Automotive Seat Manufacturing Industry from In-House Production Model to Outsourced Manufacturing
3. PRODUCT LAUNCHES
- Recaro Automotive Seating Introduces Speed V for American Sports Car
- Recaro Automotive Seating Unveils Modular Recaro Performance Seat Platform (RPSP) and SUV Performance Seat
- Recaro Automotive Seating Launches the Limited- Edition Recaro Expert Houndstooth
- Recaro Automotive Seating Introduces Sportster GT
- Recaro Automotive Seating Introduces Speed V for C5, C6 and C7 Corvettes
- Recaro Automotive Seating Expands Portfolio of Performance Seating for SUVs
4. RECENT INDUSTRY ACTIVITY
- Faurecia Forms Joint Venture with BYD
- Adient Acquires Futuris Group
- Adient and Autoliv Collaborates to Address Vehicle Seating Challenges for Future Cars
- Faurecia Forms Joint Venture with Liuzhou Wuling Industry for Automotive Seating Products
- Magna Expands the Seat Trim Facility in Serbia
- Lear Corporation Acquires Grupo Antolin's Automotive Seating Business
- Magna Enters into a Joint Venture Agreement with HAPM to Expand the Seating Expertise
- Magna Collaborates with BMW Group and Secures the Seating Business
- Johnson Controls Announces Spin-off of its Automotive Seating Business Adient
- Adient Forms a Joint Venture with Shenyang Jinbei Automotive to Produce Seats
- Brose Expands its Seat Manufacturing Facility in Queretaro and Mexico
- APM Signs a JV Agreement with Tachi-S (Thailand) Co., Ltd.
5. FOCUS ON SELECT PLAYERS
- Adient (USA)
- BRIDE Co., Ltd (Japan)
- Brose Fahrzeugteile GmbH & Co. KG (Germany)
- Camaco LLC, (USA)
- C.I.E.B. Kahovec, spol. s r.o.( Czech Republic)
- Daewon Kang up Co., Ltd (South Korea)
- Faurecia SA. (France)
- GENTHERM (USA)
- GRAMMER AG (Germany)
- Guelph Manufacturing Group (Canada)
- Hyundai DYMOS (South Korea)
- Lear Corporation (USA)
- Magna International, Inc. (Canada)
- NHK SPRING Co. Ltd (Japan)
- Phoenix Seating Limited (UK)
- Proma (Italy)
- Sitech Sitztechnik GMBH (Germany)
- Tachi -S (Japan)
- Toyota Boshoku Corporation (Japan)
- TS TECH Co., Ltd. (Japan)
6. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE
- Table 17: World Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America, and Rest of the World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 18: World Historic Review for Automotive Seats by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America, and Rest of the World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 19: World 14-Year Perspective for Automotive Seats by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America, and Rest of the World Markets for the Years 2011, 2017, and 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
III. MARKET
1. THE UNITED STATES
- A. Market Analysis
- Product Launches
- Strategic Corporate Developments
- Key Players
- B. Market Analytics
- Table 20: US Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 21: US Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
2. CANADA
- A. Market Analysis
- Current & Future Analysis
- Key Players
- B. Market Analytics
- Table 22: Canadian Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 23: Canadian Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
3. JAPAN
- A. Market Analysis
- Current & Future Analysis
- Key Players
- B. Market Analytics
- Table 24: Japanese Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 25: Japanese Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
4. EUROPE
- A. Market Analysis
- Current & Future Analysis
- Strategic Corporate Development
- B. Market Analytics
- Table 26: European Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats by Geographic Region/Country - France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia, and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 27: European Historic Review for Automotive Seats by Geographic Region/ Country - France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia, and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 28: European 14-Year Perspective for Automotive Seats by Geographic Region/Country - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia, and Rest of Europe Markets for the Years 2011, 2017, and 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
4a. FRANCE
- A. Market Analysis
- Current & Future Analysis
- Strategic Corporate Development
- Faurecia Sa. - A Key French Player
- B. Market Analytics
- Table 29: French Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 30: French Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
4b. GERMANY
- A. Market Analysis
- Current & Future Analysis
- Key Players
- B. Market Analytics
- Table 31: German Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 32: German Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
4c. ITALY
- A. Market Analysis
- Current & Future Analysis
- Proma - A Key Italian Player
- B. Market Analytics
- Table 33: Italian Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 34: Italian Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
4d. THE UNITED KINGDOM
- A. Market Analysis
- Current & Future Analysis
- Phoenix Seating Limited - A Key Uk Player
- B. Market Analytics
- Table 35: The UK Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 36: The UK Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
4e. SPAIN
- Market Analysis
- Table 37: Spanish Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 38: Spanish Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
4f. RUSSIA
- Market Analysis
- Table 39: Russian Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 40: Russian Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
4g. REST OF EUROPE
- A. Market Analysis
- Current & Future Analysis
- Strategic Corporate Developments
- C.I.E.B. Kahovec, spol. s r.o. - A Key Czech Player
- B. Market Analytics
- Table 41: Rest of Europe Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 42: Rest of Europe Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
5. ASIA-PACIFIC
- Market Analysis
- Table 43: Asia Pacific Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats by Geographic Region/Country - Australia, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Rest of Asia-Pacific Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 44: Asia-Pacific Historic Review for Automotive Seats by Geographic Region/Country - Australia, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Rest of Asia-Pacific Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 45: Asia-Pacific 14-Year Perspective for Automotive Seats by Geographic Region/Country - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Australia, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Rest of Asia-Pacific Markets for the Years 2011, 2017, and 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
5a. AUSTRALIA
- Market Analysis
- Table 46: Australian Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 47: Australian Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
5b. CHINA
- A. Market Analysis
- Current & Future Analysis
- Presence of Huge Automotive Manufacturing Industry Makes China a Lucrative Market for Automotive Seats
- Strategic Corporate Developments
- B. Market Analytics
- Table 48: Chinese Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 49: Chinese Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
5c. INDIA
- Market Analysis
- Table 50: Indian Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 51: Indian Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
5d. INDONESIA
- Market Analysis
- Table 52: Indonesian Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 53: Indonesian Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
5e. MALAYSIA
- Market Analysis
- Table 54: Malaysian Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 55: Malaysian Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
5f. SOUTH KOREA
- A. Market Analysis
- Current & Future Analysis
- Key Players
- B. Market Analytics
- Table 56: South Korean Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 57: South Korean Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
5g. TAIWAN
- Market Analysis
- Table 58: Taiwanese Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 59: Taiwanese Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
5h. THAILAND
- Market Analysis
- Table 60: Thailand Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 61: Thailand Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
5i. REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC
- A. Market Analysis
- Current & Future Analysis
- Strategic Corporate Development
- B. Market Analytics
- Table 62: Rest of Asia-Pacific Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 63: Rest of Asia-Pacific Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
6. LATIN AMERICA
- Market Analysis
- Table 64: Latin American Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats by Geographic Region/Country - Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, and Rest of Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 65: Latin American Historic Review for Automotive Seats by Geographic Region/Country - Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, and Rest of Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 66: Latin American 14-Year Perspective for Automotive Seats by Geographic Region/Country - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, and Rest of Latin America Markets for the Years 2011, 2017, and 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
6a. ARGENTINA
- Market Analysis
- Table 67: Argentinean Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 68: Argentinean Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
6b. BRAZIL
- Market Analysis
- Table 69: Brazilian Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 70: Brazilian Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
6c. MEXICO
- A. Market Analysis
- Current & Future Analysis
- Strategic Corporate Development
- B. Market Analytics
- Table 71: Mexican Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 72: Mexican Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
6d. REST OF LATIN AMERICA
- Market Analysis
- Table 73: Rest of Latin America Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 74: Rest of Latin America Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
7. REST OF WORLD
- Market Analysis
- Table 75: Rest of World Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2016 through 2024 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
- Table 76: Rest of World Historic Review for Automotive Seats Market Analyzed with Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
