生分解性・堆肥化可能包装の世界市場（2025年～2035年）

生分解性・堆肥化可能包装市場は、環境意識の高まり、厳しい規制、持続可能な製品に対する消費者の選好の変化などにより、急速な成長を示しています。この部門は、従来のプラスチック包装に代わる環境にやさしい選択肢を提供し、世界の包装産業の重要な構成要素として浮上しています。現在、この市場は、ポリ乳酸（PLA）、ポリヒドロキシアルカノエート（PHA）、デンプンベースの混合物、セルロース由来の包装ソリューションなど、多様な材料と技術によって特徴付けられます。これらの材料はさまざまな産業で利用されていますが、食品サプライチェーンにおけるプラスチック廃棄物に対する懸念の高まりから、食品包装が最大のセグメントとなっています。包装産業の主要企業は、生分解性材料の性能と費用対効果を向上させるため、研究開発に多額の投資を行っています。同時に、数多くのスタートアップや革新的な企業が、海藻ベースの包装や菌糸体由来の材料など、斬新なソリューションで市場に参入しています。この市場では、産業用コンポストインフラの限界に対処するための、家庭用コンポストで分解できるコンポスタブル包装の開発への動向が見られます。さらに、生分解性だけでなく、製品の保存性を高めたり、スマート技術を取り入れたりする多機能包装の開発にも注目が集まっています。

その成長にもかかわらず、生分解性包装市場は、従来のプラスチックに比べて高い生産コスト、特定の用途における性能の限界、適切な廃棄物管理インフラの必要性などの課題に直面しています。しかし、進行中の技術的進歩と規模の経済により、これらの問題は徐々に解決されつつあります。持続可能性を求める世界の動きが強まるにつれて、生分解性・堆肥化可能包装市場は上昇基調を続けると予測されます。産業はさらなる革新を見せ、さまざまな部門で採用が進み、大企業が有望な技術を獲得することで統合が進む可能性もあります。この成長は、包装産業を再構築するだけでなく、プラスチック廃棄物や環境汚染を削減する世界の取り組みにも大きく寄与しています。

当レポートでは、世界の生分解性・堆肥化可能包装市場について調査分析し、市場規模と成長予測、材料のイノベーションの詳細、利用情勢、競合情勢、持続可能性への影響などの情報を提供しています。

目次

第1章 エグゼクティブサマリー

• 世界の包装市場
• 生分解性・堆肥化可能包装市場
  • バイオベースプラスチックタイプ別
  • 包装製品タイプ別
  • 最終用途市場別
  • 地域別
• 主なタイプ
  • セルロースアセテート
  • PLA
  • 脂肪族芳香族コポリエステル
  • PHA
  • デンプン/デンプン混合物
• 価格
• 市場動向
• 生分解性・堆肥化可能包装の近年の成長の市場促進要因
• 生分解性・堆肥化可能包装の課題

第2章 生分解性・堆肥化可能包装におけるバイオベース材料

• 材料のイノベーション
• アクティブパッケージング
• モノマテリアル包装
• 包装に使用される従来のポリマー材料
  • ポリオレフィン：ポリプロピレンとポリエチレン
  • PETとその他のポリエステルポリマー
  • 包装向けの再生可能なバイオベースポリマー
  • 合成化石ベースポリマーとバイオベースポリマーの比較
  • 包装におけるバイオプラスチックのプロセス
  • バイオベースの持続可能な包装の廃棄処理
• 合成バイオベース包装材料
  • ポリ乳酸（バイオPLA）
  • ポリエチレンテレフタレート（バイオPET）
  • ポリトリメチレンテレフタレート（バイオPTT）
  • ポリエチレンフラノエート（バイオPEF）
  • バイオPA
  • ポリ（ブチレンアジペートコテレフタレート）（バイオPBAT）- 脂肪族芳香族コポリエステル
  • ポリブチレンサクシネート（PBS）とコポリマー
  • ポリプロピレン（バイオPP）
• 天然バイオベース包装材料
  • ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸（PHA）
  • デンプンベースの混合物
  • セルロース
  • 包装材料におけるタンパク質ベースのバイオプラスチック
  • 包装向けの脂質とワックス
  • 海藻ベースの包装
  • 菌糸体
  • キトサン
  • バイオナフサ

第3章 市場と用途

• 紙・板紙包装
• 食品包装
  • バイオベースフィルム、トレイ
  • バイオベースパウチ、バッグ
  • バイオベーステキスタイル、ネット
  • バイオ接着剤
  • バリアコーティング、フィルム
  • アクティブスマート食品包装
  • 抗菌フィルム、抗菌剤
  • バイオベースインク、染料
  • 可食フィルム、コーティング
• 包装におけるバイオベースフィルム、コーティング
  • 概要
  • バイオベースの塗料・コーティングの使用における課題
  • 包装に使用されるバイオベースコーティング、フィルムのタイプ
• 包装向け炭素回収由来材料
  • プラスチック原料への炭素利用の利点
  • CO2由来のポリマーとプラスチック
  • CO2利用製品
• 軟質包装
• 硬質包装
• コーティング、フィルム

第4章 企業プロファイル（企業230社のプロファイル）

第5章 調査手法

第6章 参考文献

List of Tables

• Table 1. Global biodegradable and compostable packaging by biobased plastics type, 2023-2035 (1,000 tonnes)
• Table 2. Global biodegradable and compostable packaging by packaging product type, 2023-2035 (1,000 tonnes)
• Table 3. Global biodegradable and compostable packaging by end-use market, 2023-2035 (1,000 tonnes)
• Table 4. Global biodegradable and compostable packaging by region, 2023-2035 (1,000 tonnes)
• Table 5. Main Types of Biodegradable and Compostable Packaging Materials
• Table 6. Average prices by bioplastic type, 2024 (US$ per kg)
• Table 7. Average annual prices by bioplastic type, 2020-2023 (US$ per kg)
• Table 8. Market trends in Biodegradable and Compostable Packaging
• Table 9. Market drivers for recent growth in the Biodegradable and Compostable Packaging market
• Table 10. Challenges for Biodegradable and Compostable Packaging
• Table 11. Types of bio-based plastics and fossil-fuel-based plastics
• Table 12. Comparison of synthetic fossil-based and bio-based polymers
• Table 13. Processes for bioplastics in packaging
• Table 14. LDPE film versus PLA, 2019-24 (USD/tonne)
• Table 15. PLA properties for packaging applications
• Table 16. Applications, advantages and disadvantages of PHAs in packaging
• Table 17. Major polymers found in the extracellular covering of different algae
• Table 18. Market overview for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in paperboard and packaging-market age, key benefits, applications and producers
• Table 19. Applications of nanocrystalline cellulose (CNC)
• Table 20. Market overview for cellulose nanofibers in packaging
• Table 21. Applications of Bacterial Nanocellulose in Packaging
• Table 22. Types of protein based-bioplastics, applications and companies
• Table 23. Overview of alginate-description, properties, application and market size
• Table 24. Companies developing algal-based bioplastics
• Table 25. Overview of mycelium fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications
• Table 26. Overview of chitosan-description, properties, drawbacks and applications
• Table 27. Commercial Examples of Chitosan-based Films and Coatings and Companies
• Table 28. Bio-based naphtha markets and applications
• Table 29. Bio-naphtha market value chain
• Table 30. Commercial Examples of Bio-Naphtha Packaging and Companies
• Table 31. Pros and cons of different type of food packaging materials
• Table 32. Active Biodegradable Films films and their food applications
• Table 33. Intelligent Biodegradable Films
• Table 34. Edible films and coatings market summary
• Table 35. Summary of barrier films and coatings for packaging
• Table 36. Types of polyols
• Table 37. Polyol producers
• Table 38. Bio-based polyurethane coating products
• Table 39. Bio-based acrylate resin products
• Table 40. Polylactic acid (PLA) market analysis
• Table 41. Commercially available PHAs
• Table 42. Market overview for cellulose nanofibers in paints and coatings
• Table 43. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers products in paints and coatings
• Table 44. Types of protein based-biomaterials, applications and companies
• Table 45. CO2 utilization and removal pathways
• Table 46. CO2 utilization products developed by chemical and plastic producers
• Table 47. Comparison of bioplastics' (PLA and PHAs) properties to other common polymers used in product packaging
• Table 48. Typical applications for bioplastics in flexible packaging
• Table 49. Bioplastics for flexible packaging by bioplastic material type, 2019-2035 ('000 tonnes)
• Table 50. Typical applications for bioplastics in rigid packaging
• Table 51. Bioplastics for rigid packaging by bioplastic material type, 2019-2035 ('000 tonnes)
• Table 52. Market revenues for bio-based coatings in packaging, 2018-2035 (billions USD), high estimate
• Table 53. Lactips plastic pellets
• Table 54. Oji Holdings CNF products

List of Figures

• Figure 1. Global packaging market by material type
• Figure 2. Global biodegradable and compostable packaging by biobased plastics type, 2023-2035 (1,000 tonnes)
• Figure 3. Global biodegradable and compostable packaging by packaging product type, 2023-2035 (1,000 tonnes)
• Figure 4. Global biodegradable and compostable packaging by end-use market, 2023-2035 (1,000 tonnes)
• Figure 5. Global biodegradable and compostable packaging by region, 2023-2035 (1,000 tonnes)
• Figure 6. Routes for synthesizing polymers from fossil-based and bio-based resources
• Figure 7. Organization and morphology of cellulose synthesizing terminal complexes (TCs) in different organisms
• Figure 8. Biosynthesis of (a) wood cellulose (b) tunicate cellulose and (c) BC
• Figure 9. Cellulose microfibrils and nanofibrils
• Figure 10. TEM image of cellulose nanocrystals
• Figure 11. CNC slurry
• Figure 12. CNF gel
• Figure 13. Bacterial nanocellulose shapes
• Figure 14. BLOOM masterbatch from Algix
• Figure 15. Typical structure of mycelium-based foam
• Figure 16. Types of bio-based materials used for antimicrobial food packaging application
• Figure 17. Water soluble packaging by Notpla
• Figure 18. Examples of edible films in food packaging
• Figure 19. Schematic of gas barrier properties of nanoclay film
• Figure 20. Hefcel-coated wood (left) and untreated wood (right) after 30 seconds flame test
• Figure 21. Applications for CO2
• Figure 22. Life cycle of CO2-derived products and services
• Figure 23. Conversion pathways for CO2-derived polymeric materials
• Figure 24. Bioplastics for flexible packaging by bioplastic material type, 2019-2035 ('000 tonnes)
• Figure 25. Bioplastics for rigid packaging by bioplastic material type, 2019-2035 ('000 tonnes)
• Figure 26. Market revenues for bio-based coatings in packaging, 2018-2035 (billions USD), conservative estimate
• Figure 27. Pluumo
• Figure 28. Anpoly cellulose nanofiber hydrogel
• Figure 29. MEDICELLU(TM)
• Figure 30. Asahi Kasei CNF fabric sheet
• Figure 31. Properties of Asahi Kasei cellulose nanofiber nonwoven fabric
• Figure 32. CNF nonwoven fabric
• Figure 33. Passionfruit wrapped in Xgo Circular packaging
• Figure 34. BIOLO e-commerce mailer bag made from PHA
• Figure 35. Reusable and recyclable foodservice cups, lids, and straws from Joinease Hong Kong Ltd., made with plant-based NuPlastiQ BioPolymer from BioLogiQ, Inc
• Figure 36. Fiber-based screw cap
• Figure 37. SEELCAP ONEGO
• Figure 38. CJ CheilJedang's biodegradable PHA-based wrapper for shipping products
• Figure 39. CuanSave film
• Figure 40. ELLEX products
• Figure 41. CNF-reinforced PP compounds
• Figure 42. Kirekira! toilet wipes
• Figure 43. Edible packaging from Dissolves
• Figure 44. Rheocrysta spray
• Figure 45. DKS CNF products
• Figure 46. Evoware edible seaweed-based packaging
• Figure 47. Photograph (a) and micrograph (b) of mineral/ MFC composite showing the high viscosity and fibrillar structure
• Figure 48. Forest and Whale container
• Figure 49. PHA production process
• Figure 50. Soy Silvestre's wheatgrass shots
• Figure 51. AVAPTM process
• Figure 52. GreenPower+(TM) process
• Figure 53. Cutlery samples (spoon, knife, fork) made of nano cellulose and biodegradable plastic composite materials
• Figure 54. CNF gel
• Figure 55. Block nanocellulose material
• Figure 56. CNF products developed by Hokuetsu
• Figure 57. Unilever Carte D'Or ice cream packaging
• Figure 58. Kami Shoji CNF products
• Figure 59. IPA synthesis method
• Figure 60. Compostable water pod
• Figure 61. XCNF
• Figure 62: Innventia AB movable nanocellulose demo plant
• Figure 63. Shellworks packaging containers
• Figure 64. Thales packaging incorporating Fibrease
• Figure 65. Sulapac cosmetics containers
• Figure 66. Sulzer equipment for PLA polymerization processing
• Figure 67. Silver / CNF composite dispersions
• Figure 68. CNF/nanosilver powder
• Figure 69. Corbion FDCA production process
• Figure 70. UPM biorefinery process
• Figure 71. Vegea production process
• Figure 72. Worn Again products
• Figure 73. S-CNF in powder form

The market for biodegradable and compostable packaging is experiencing rapid growth, driven by increasing environmental awareness, stringent regulations, and shifting consumer preferences towards sustainable products. This sector has emerged as a crucial component of the global packaging industry, offering eco-friendly alternatives to traditional plastic packaging. Currently, the market is characterized by a diverse range of materials and technologies, including polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), starch-based blends, and cellulose-derived packaging solutions. These materials are finding applications across various industries, with food packaging representing the largest segment due to growing concerns about plastic waste in the food supply chain. Major players in the packaging industry are investing heavily in research and development to improve the performance and cost-effectiveness of biodegradable materials. Simultaneously, numerous start-ups and innovative companies are entering the market with novel solutions, such as seaweed-based packaging and mycelium-derived materials. The market is witnessing a trend towards the development of compostable packaging that can break down in home composting conditions, addressing the limitations of industrial composting infrastructure. Additionally, there is a growing focus on creating multi-functional packaging that not only biodegrades but also offers enhanced shelf life for products or incorporates smart technologies.

Despite its growth, the biodegradable packaging market faces challenges, including higher production costs compared to conventional plastics, performance limitations in certain applications, and the need for proper waste management infrastructure. However, ongoing technological advancements and economies of scale are gradually addressing these issues. As the global push for sustainability intensifies, the biodegradable and compostable packaging market is expected to continue its upward trajectory. The industry is likely to see further innovations, increased adoption across various sectors, and potential consolidation as larger companies acquire promising technologies. This growth is not only reshaping the packaging industry but also contributing significantly to global efforts in reducing plastic waste and environmental pollution.

"The Global Market for Biodegradable and Compostable Packaging 2025-2035" provides a thorough examination of the market landscape from 2025 to 2035, offering valuable insights for manufacturers, investors, and stakeholders in the sustainable packaging ecosystem.

Report contents include:

• Market Size and Growth Projections: Detailed forecasts of the biodegradable and compostable packaging market size and growth rate from 2025 to 2035, segmented by product type, material, end-use industry, and region.
• Material Innovation Deep Dive: Comprehensive analysis of both synthetic and natural biobased packaging materials, including PLA, Bio-PET, PHA, starch-based blends, and emerging solutions like mycelium and seaweed-based packaging.
• Application Landscape: Exploration of key application areas such as food packaging, consumer goods, pharmaceuticals, and e-commerce, with insights into specific requirements and growth opportunities.
• Competitive Landscape: Profiles of leading companies and emerging players in the biodegradable packaging space, including their technologies, strategies, and market positioning. Companies profiled include 9Fiber, Inc., ADBioplastics, Advanced Biochemical (Thailand) Co., Ltd., Aeropowder Limited, AGRANA Staerke GmbH, Ahlstrom-Munksjo Oyj, Alberta Innovates/Innotech Materials, LLC, Alter Eco Pulp, Alterpacks, AmicaTerra, An Phat Bioplastics, Anellotech, Inc., Ankor Bioplastics Co., Ltd., ANPOLY, Inc., Apeel Sciences, Applied Bioplastics, Aquapak Polymers Ltd, Archer Daniel Midland Company (ADM), Arekapak GmbH, Arkema S.A, Arrow Greentech, Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation, Attis Innovations, llc, Avani Eco, Avantium B.V., Avient Corporation, Balrampur Chini Mills, BASF SE, Bio Fab NZ, Bio Plast Pom, Bio2Coat, Bioelements Group, Biofibre GmbH, Bioform Technologies, Biokemik, BIOLO, BioLogiQ, Inc., Biome Bioplastics, Biomass Resin Holdings Co., Ltd., BIO-FED, BIO-LUTIONS International AG, Bioplastech Ltd, BioSmart Nano, BIOTEC GmbH & Co. KG, Biovox GmbH, BlockTexx Pty Ltd., Blue Ocean Closures, Bluepha Beijing Lanjing Microbiology Technology Co., Ltd., BOBST, Borealis AG, Brightplus Oy, Business Innovation Partners Co., Ltd., Carbiolice, Carbios, Cardia Bioplastics Ltd., CARAPAC Company, Cass Materials Pty Ltd, Celanese Corporation, Cellugy, Cellutech AB (Stora Enso), Chemkey Advanced Materials Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Chemol Company (Seydel), CJ Biomaterials, Inc., Coastgrass ApS, Corumat, Inc., Cruz Foam, CuanTec Ltd., Daicel Polymer Ltd., Daio Paper Corporation, Danimer Scientific LLC, DIC Corporation, DIC Products, Inc., DKS Co. Ltd., Dow, Inc., DuFor Resins B.V., DuPont, Earthodic Pty Ltd., EarthForm, Ecomann Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Ecoshell, EcoSynthetix, Inc., Ecovia Renewables, Enkev, Epoch Biodesign, Eranova, Esbottle Oy, Fiberlean Technologies, Fiberwood Oy, FKuR Kunststoff GmbH, Floreon, Footprint, Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Full Cycle Bioplastics LLC, Futamura Chemical Co., Ltd., Futuramat Sarl, Futurity Bio-Ventures Ltd., Genecis Bioindustries, Inc., Grabio Greentech Corporation, Granbio Technologies, GreenNano Technologies Inc., GS Alliance Co. Ltd, Guangzhou Bio-plus Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Hokuetsu Toyo Fibre Co., Ltd., Holmen Iggesund, IUV Srl, Jiangsu Jinhe Hi-Tech Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Torise Biomaterials Co., Ltd, JinHui ZhaoLang High Technology Co., Ltd., Kagzi Bottles Private Limited, Kami Shoji Company, Kaneka Corporation, Kelpi Industries Ltd., Kingfa Sci. & Tech. Co. Ltd., Klabin S.A., Lactips S.A., LAM'ON, LanzaTech, Licella, Lignin Industries, Loick Biowertstoff GmbH, LOTTE Chemical Corporation, MadeRight, MakeGrowLab, Marea, Marine Innovation Co., Ltd, Melodea Ltd., Mi Terro, Inc., Mitr Phol, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Mitsubishi Polyester Film GmbH, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., Mobius, Mondi, Multibax Public Co., Ltd., Nabaco, Inc., NatPol, Nature Coatings, Inc., NatureWorks LLC, New Zealand Natural Fibers (NZNF), Newlight Technologies, NEXE Innovations Inc., Nippon Paper Industries, Notpla, Novamont S.p.A., Novomer, Oimo, Oji Paper Company, Omya, one - five GmbH, Origin Materials, Pack2Earth, Paptic Ltd., Pivot Materials LLC, Plafco Fibertech Oy, Plantic Technologies Ltd., Plantics B.V., Poliloop, Polyferm Canada, Pond Biomaterials, Provenance Biofabrics, Inc., PT Intera Lestari Polimer, PTT MCC Biochem Co., Ltd., Qnature UG, Rengo Co., Ltd., Rise Innventia AB, Rodenburg Productie B.V., Roquette S.A., RWDC Industries, S.lab, Sappi Limited, Saudi Basic Industries Corp. (SABIC), Searo, Shellworks, Shenzhen Ecomann Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Sirmax Group, SK Chemicals Co., Ltd., Solvay SA, Spectrus Sustainable Solutions Pvt Ltd, Spero Renewables, StePAc, Stora Enso Oyj, Sufresca, Sulapac Oy, Sulzer Chemtech AG, SUPLA Bioplastics, Sway Innovation Co., Sweetwater Energy, Taghleef Industries Llc, Teal Bioworks, Inc., TemperPack-R Technologies, Termotecnica, TerraVerdae BioWorks Inc, Tianjin GreenBio Materials Co., Ltd, Ticinoplast, TIPA, Toppan Printing Co., Ltd., Toraphene, TotalEnergies Corbion, Universal Bio Pack Co., Ltd., UPM Biochemicals, UPM-Kymmene Oyj, Valentis Nanotech, Vegea srl, Verso Corporation, Weidmann Fiber Technology, Woamy Oy, Woodly Ltd., Worn Again Technologies, Xampla, Yangi, Yokohama Bio Frontier, Inc., Zelfo Technology, ZeroCircle, Zhejiang Jinjiahao Green Nanomaterial Co., Ltd.
• Sustainability Impact: Assessment of the environmental benefits and challenges associated with biodegradable and compostable packaging, including life cycle analyses and circular economy initiatives.
• Recent developments in biodegradable packaging technology.
• Market Drivers and Opportunities.
• Challenges and Market Dynamics
• Regional Analysis and Market Opportunities
• In-depth analysis of biodegradable packaging applications across various industries:
  • Food and Beverage: Largest market segment with diverse applications from fresh produce to dairy packaging
  • Consumer Goods: Growing demand in personal care and household products
  • Pharmaceutical: Increasing use of bioplastics in medical packaging and drug delivery systems
  • E-commerce: Rising adoption of sustainable packaging solutions for online retail
• Materials Benchmarking and Performance Analysis
• Manufacturing and Processing Innovations
  • Improvements in extrusion and thermoforming processes
  • Novel approaches to enhance material properties
  • Scalability considerations for mass production
  • Quality control and testing methodologies
• Investment Landscape and Market Opportunities
• Regulatory Framework and Standards

As the world moves towards more sustainable packaging solutions, understanding the biodegradable and compostable packaging market is crucial for:

• Packaging manufacturers looking to expand their product portfolio
• Brand owners seeking to meet sustainability goals and consumer demands
• Investors interested in high-growth areas of the packaging industry
• Policy makers developing regulations for sustainable packaging
• Researchers and material scientists working on next-generation packaging solutions

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• 1.1. Global Packaging Market
• 1.2. The Market for Biodegradable and Compostable Packaging
  • 1.2.1. By biobased plastics type
  • 1.2.2. By packaging product type
  • 1.2.3. By end-use market
  • 1.2.4. By region
• 1.3. Main types
  • 1.3.1. Cellulose acetate
  • 1.3.2. PLA
  • 1.3.3. Aliphatic-aromatic co-polyesters
  • 1.3.4. PHA
  • 1.3.5. Starch/starch blends
• 1.4. Prices
• 1.5. Market Trends
• 1.6. Market Drivers for recent growth in Biodegradable and Compostable Packaging
• 1.7. Challenges for Biodegradable and Compostable Packaging

2. BIOBASED MATERIALS IN BIODEGRADABLE AND COMPOSTABLE PACKAGING

• 2.1. Materials innovation
• 2.2. Active packaging
• 2.3. Monomaterial packaging
• 2.4. Conventional polymer materials used in packaging
  • 2.4.1. Polyolefins: Polypropylene and polyethylene
    • 2.4.1.1. Overview
    • 2.4.1.2. Grades
    • 2.4.1.3. Producers
  • 2.4.2. PET and other polyester polymers
    • 2.4.2.1. Overview
  • 2.4.3. Renewable and bio-based polymers for packaging
  • 2.4.4. Comparison of synthetic fossil-based and bio-based polymers
  • 2.4.5. Processes for bioplastics in packaging
  • 2.4.6. End-of-life treatment of bio-based and sustainable packaging
• 2.5. Synthetic bio-based packaging materials
  • 2.5.1. Polylactic acid (Bio-PLA)
    • 2.5.1.1. Overview
    • 2.5.1.2. Properties
    • 2.5.1.3. Applications
    • 2.5.1.4. Advantages
    • 2.5.1.5. Challenges
    • 2.5.1.6. Commercial examples
  • 2.5.2. Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET)
    • 2.5.2.1. Overview
    • 2.5.2.2. Properties
    • 2.5.2.3. Applications
    • 2.5.2.4. Advantages of Bio-PET in Packaging
    • 2.5.2.5. Challenges and Limitations
    • 2.5.2.6. Commercial examples
  • 2.5.3. Polytrimethylene terephthalate (Bio-PTT)
    • 2.5.3.1. Overview
    • 2.5.3.2. Production Process
    • 2.5.3.3. Properties
    • 2.5.3.4. Applications
    • 2.5.3.5. Advantages of Bio-PTT in Packaging
    • 2.5.3.6. Challenges and Limitations
    • 2.5.3.7. Commercial examples
  • 2.5.4. Polyethylene furanoate (Bio-PEF)
    • 2.5.4.1. Overview
    • 2.5.4.2. Properties
    • 2.5.4.3. Applications
    • 2.5.4.4. Advantages of Bio-PEF in Packaging
    • 2.5.4.5. Challenges and Limitations
    • 2.5.4.6. Commercial examples
  • 2.5.5. Bio-PA
    • 2.5.5.1. Overview
    • 2.5.5.2. Properties
    • 2.5.5.3. Applications in Packaging
    • 2.5.5.4. Advantages of Bio-PA in Packaging
    • 2.5.5.5. Challenges and Limitations
    • 2.5.5.6. Commercial examples
  • 2.5.6. Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (Bio-PBAT)- Aliphatic aromatic copolyesters
    • 2.5.6.1. Overview
    • 2.5.6.2. Properties
    • 2.5.6.3. Applications in Packaging
    • 2.5.6.4. Advantages of Bio-PBAT in Packaging
    • 2.5.6.5. Challenges and Limitations
    • 2.5.6.6. Commercial examples
  • 2.5.7. Polybutylene succinate (PBS) and copolymers
    • 2.5.7.1. Overview
    • 2.5.7.2. Properties
    • 2.5.7.3. Applications in Packaging
    • 2.5.7.4. Advantages of Bio-PBS and Co-polymers in Packaging
    • 2.5.7.5. Challenges and Limitations
    • 2.5.7.6. Commercial examples
  • 2.5.8. Polypropylene (Bio-PP)
    • 2.5.8.1. Overview
    • 2.5.8.2. Properties
    • 2.5.8.3. Applications in Packaging
    • 2.5.8.4. Advantages of Bio-PP in Packaging
    • 2.5.8.5. Challenges and Limitations
    • 2.5.8.6. Commercial examples
• 2.6. Natural bio-based packaging materials
  • 2.6.1. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)
    • 2.6.1.1. Properties
    • 2.6.1.2. Applications in Packaging
    • 2.6.1.3. Advantages of PHA in Packaging
    • 2.6.1.4. Challenges and Limitations
    • 2.6.1.5. Commercial examples
  • 2.6.2. Starch-based blends
    • 2.6.2.1. Overview
    • 2.6.2.2. Properties
    • 2.6.2.3. Applications in Packaging
    • 2.6.2.4. Advantages of Starch-Based Blends in Packaging
    • 2.6.2.5. Challenges and Limitations
    • 2.6.2.6. Commercial examples
  • 2.6.3. Cellulose
    • 2.6.3.1. Feedstocks
      • 2.6.3.1.1. Wood
      • 2.6.3.1.2. Plant
      • 2.6.3.1.3. Tunicate
      • 2.6.3.1.4. Algae
      • 2.6.3.1.5. Bacteria
    • 2.6.3.2. Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC)
      • 2.6.3.2.1. Properties
    • 2.6.3.3. Nanocellulose
      • 2.6.3.3.1. Cellulose nanocrystals
        • 2.6.3.3.1.1. Applications in packaging
      • 2.6.3.3.2. Cellulose nanofibers
        • 2.6.3.3.2.1. Applications in packaging
      • 2.6.3.3.3. Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC)
        • 2.6.3.3.3.1. Applications in packaging
    • 2.6.3.4. Commercial examples
  • 2.6.4. Protein-based bioplastics in packaging
    • 2.6.4.1. Feedstocks
    • 2.6.4.2. Commercial examples
  • 2.6.5. Lipids and waxes for packaging
    • 2.6.5.1. Overview
    • 2.6.5.2. Commercial examples
  • 2.6.6. Seaweed-based packaging
    • 2.6.6.1. Overview
    • 2.6.6.2. Production
    • 2.6.6.3. Applications in packaging
    • 2.6.6.4. Producers
  • 2.6.7. Mycelium
    • 2.6.7.1. Overview
    • 2.6.7.2. Applications in packaging
    • 2.6.7.3. Commercial examples
  • 2.6.8. Chitosan
    • 2.6.8.1. Overview
    • 2.6.8.2. Applications in packaging
    • 2.6.8.3. Commercial examples
  • 2.6.9. Bio-naphtha
    • 2.6.9.1. Overview
    • 2.6.9.2. Markets and applications
    • 2.6.9.3. Commercial examples

3. MARKETS AND APPLICATIONS

• 3.1. Paper and board packaging
• 3.2. Food packaging
  • 3.2.1. Bio-Based films and trays
  • 3.2.2. Bio-Based pouches and bags
  • 3.2.3. Bio-Based textiles and nets
  • 3.2.4. Bioadhesives
    • 3.2.4.1. Starch
    • 3.2.4.2. Cellulose
    • 3.2.4.3. Protein-Based
  • 3.2.5. Barrier coatings and films
    • 3.2.5.1. Polysaccharides
      • 3.2.5.1.1. Chitin
      • 3.2.5.1.2. Chitosan
      • 3.2.5.1.3. Starch
    • 3.2.5.2. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)
    • 3.2.5.3. Poly(butylene Succinate)
    • 3.2.5.4. Functional Lipid and Proteins Based Coatings
  • 3.2.6. Active and Smart Food Packaging
    • 3.2.6.1. Active Materials and Packaging Systems
    • 3.2.6.2. Intelligent and Smart Food Packaging
  • 3.2.7. Antimicrobial films and agents
    • 3.2.7.1. Natural
    • 3.2.7.2. Inorganic nanoparticles
    • 3.2.7.3. Biopolymers
  • 3.2.8. Bio-based Inks and Dyes
  • 3.2.9. Edible films and coatings
    • 3.2.9.1. Overview
    • 3.2.9.2. Commercial examples
• 3.3. Biobased films and coatings in packaging
  • 3.3.1. Overview
  • 3.3.2. Challenges using bio-based paints and coatings
  • 3.3.3. Types of bio-based coatings and films in packaging
    • 3.3.3.1. Polyurethane coatings
      • 3.3.3.1.1. Properties
      • 3.3.3.1.2. Bio-based polyurethane coatings
      • 3.3.3.1.3. Products
    • 3.3.3.2. Acrylate resins
      • 3.3.3.2.1. Properties
      • 3.3.3.2.2. Bio-based acrylates
      • 3.3.3.2.3. Products
    • 3.3.3.3. Polylactic acid (Bio-PLA)
      • 3.3.3.3.1. Properties
      • 3.3.3.3.2. Bio-PLA coatings and films
    • 3.3.3.4. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) coatings
    • 3.3.3.5. Cellulose coatings and films
      • 3.3.3.5.1. Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC)
      • 3.3.3.5.2. Cellulose nanofibers
        • 3.3.3.5.2.1. Properties
        • 3.3.3.5.2.2. Product developers
    • 3.3.3.6. Lignin coatings
    • 3.3.3.7. Protein-based biomaterials for coatings
      • 3.3.3.7.1. Plant derived proteins
      • 3.3.3.7.2. Animal origin proteins
• 3.4. Carbon capture derived materials for packaging
  • 3.4.1. Benefits of carbon utilization for plastics feedstocks
  • 3.4.2. CO2-derived polymers and plastics
  • 3.4.3. CO2 utilization products
• 3.5. Flexible packaging
• 3.6. Rigid packaging
• 3.7. Coatings and films

4. COMPANY PROFILES (230 company profiles)

5. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

6. REFERENCES