PreK-12（幼稚園から高校まで）の政策と予算の見通し：2023年～2024年

当レポートでは、PreK-12（幼稚園から高校まで）の政策と予算の見通しについて調査し、連邦政府および州政府の教育優先事項の合計と配分の概要に加え、カリキュラムの制限や図書の禁止、学校におけるメンタルヘルス、包括性と公平性、銃暴力などの社会問題の増加、教師の不満、教室の接続、コンピューターサイエンス、サイバーセキュリティ、プライバシーなどさまざまなテーマに関する政策の更新、増加する学校選択法案、2024年度の予算承認についても考察しています。

目次

エグゼクティブサマリー

イントロダクションと調査手法

• 調査手法
• 州ごとの歳出は大幅に異なる
• 他の連邦省庁の教育への貢献
• ESSER FUNDING CLIFFへの対応
• 今後の見通し
• 資金源別の幼稚園から高校までの支出
• 不確実性は州予算予測に影響を与える
• 各州が資金の増額を発表
• 資金調達方式の検討
• カリキュラムの制限と書籍の禁止
• 政治的分裂
• 制限の影響
• 書籍の禁止は図書館や教室に影響を与える
• 学校の選択と親の権利
• 教室における親の権利
• 政策がテーマを決定する
• コンピュータサイエンス
• キャリアと技術教育
• 各州のCTEプログラムが拡大
• 読書の科学
• 二重言語プログラム
• PREKと早期学習
• メディア・リテラシー
• 社会的感情学習：分裂にもかかわらず受け入れられる
• 最前線の社会問題
• 増加する銃による暴力事件
• メンタルヘルスは継続的な懸念事項
• 包括性と公平性：タイトルIXとトランスジェンダーの生徒
• 幼稚園から高校までの教育に影響を与えるその他の社会問題
• ホームレスと幼稚園から高校までの学校
• すべての人に無料の学校給食を提供
• 薬物使用への対処
• 人工知能の影響
• 教師の配置と給与
• サイバーセキュリティ、プライバシー、接続性
• サイバーセキュリティの脅威
• 結論

SIMBA Information's PreK-12 Policy and Budget Outlook 2023-2024 report examines educational policy and funding trends at the federal, state, and local level. On the funding side, both federal appropriations and state budgets for PreK-12 education remained strong during fiscal 2023 - the 2022-2023 school year. In many cases, this was primarily attributable to the infusion of stimulus funding to address ongoing learning loss (spurred by the pandemic lockdowns that began in 2020) alongside robust local and state budgets. The National Association of School Budget Officers' (NASBO) December 2022 Fiscal Survey of States saw 33 report revenues in fiscal 2023 that came in above projections and seven that were on target. Only one reported lower-than-forecast revenues

What this Report Covers

In addition to outlining totals and allocations of federal and state monies towards education priorities, the report also examines curriculum restrictions and book bans; growth in social issues like mental health, inclusivity vs. fairness, and gun violence in schools; teacher dissatisfaction; classroom connectivity; policy updates on various subject matter including computer science; cybersecurity and privacy; school choice bills on the rise; and approval of Fiscal 2024 budgets.

Table of Content

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY

METHODOLOGY

FEDERAL K-12 FUNDING REMAINS STRONG IN ADVANCE OF ESSER CLIFF

CONGRESSIONAL APPROPRIATIONS TARGET FEDERAL PRIORITIES

Table 1. Department of Education Fiscal Year 2024 President's Budget, Selected K-12 Programs (thousand $)

APPROPRIATIONS BY STATE VARY DRAMATICALLY

Table 2. Department of Education Grants to Local Educational Agencies, 2022-2024E (thousand $)

OTHER FEDERAL DEPARTMENTS CONTRIBUTE TO EDUCATION

Table 3. Federal On-Budget Funds for K-12 Education, by Agency, 2020-2021 (thousand $)

PREPARING FOR THE ESSER FUNDING CLIFF

Final Deadline is Looming

Looking Ahead

K-12 SPENDING BY FUNDING SOURCE

Table 4. Summary of Public Elementary-Secondary School System Revenues, FY2021 (thousand $)

Table 5. Summary of Public Elementary-Secondary School System Expenditures, FY2021 (thousand $)

Table 6. Summary of Public Elementary-Secondary School System Revenues and Expenditures by State, FY2021 (thousand $)

UNCERTAINTY IMPACTS STATE BUDGET FORECASTS

STATES ANNOUNCE FUNDING INCREASES

EXAMINING FUNDING FORMULAS

CURRICULUM RESTRICTIONS AND BOOK BANS

CURRICULUM RESTRICTIONS

Race and CRT

Political Divisions

Impacts of Restrictions

BOOK BANS IMPACT LIBRARIES AND CLASSROOMS

SCHOOL CHOICE AND PARENTAL RIGHTS

PARENTAL RIGHTS IN THE CLASSROOM

ii May 2023 © Simba Information

POLICY DICTATES SUBJECT MATTER

COMPUTER SCIENCE

CAREER AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION

States' CTE Programs Expand

THE SCIENCE OF READING

DUAL LANGUAGE PROGRAMS

PREK AND EARLY LEARNING

MEDIA LITERACY

SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL LEARNING: EMBRACED DESPITE DIVISIONS

Table 7. State Progress on Social, Emotional, and Academic Development [2021] (number of states)

SOCIAL ISSUES AT THE FOREFRONT

GUN VIOLENCE INCIDENTS ON THE RISE

MENTAL HEALTH IS AN ONGOING CONCERN

INCLUSIVITY VERSUS FAIRNESS: TITLE IX AND TRANSGENDER STUDENTS

OTHER SOCIAL ISSUES HAVING AN IMPACT ON K-12 EDUCATION

Homelessness and K-12 Schools

Free School Meals for All

Dealing with Drug Use

Impact of Artificial Intelligence

TEACHER STAFFING AND PAY

CYBERSECURITY, PRIVACY, AND CONNECTIVITY

THE CYBERSECURITY THREAT

CONCLUSION