Plastic pollution and climate change are reshaping packaging legislation up to 2025 in all regions of the world. Package design, materials choices and waste management infrastructure are adjusting to this emerging legislative framework.
Our exclusive content
- The seven over-arching programs the EU is using to guide its climate-based legal frameworks
- How climate regulations in the rest of the world are centred around plastic bans, with minimal use of taxation and financial incentives as a lever to encourage sustainable packaging.
Plastic pollution and climate change are reshaping packaging legislation up to 2025 in all regions of the world. Package design, materials choices and waste management infrastructure are adjusting to this emerging legislative framework. The report reviews climate-based packaging legislative changes globally to 2030, and highlights implications on development trends within the packaging industry.
Since 2015, a broad consensus has developed regarding environmental problems of packaging waste, and especially pollution from plastic packaging. The worldwide extent of plastic marine litter has been highly publicised. Examples of mismanaged waste in developing countries, often exacerbated by imported waste from more developed countries, has highlighted the need for action. The emerging climate crisis has created a compelling need for a global solution to both CO2 generation and pollution.
What will you discover?
- The key characteristics of the EU's future legislative framework
- The regulations being introduced by the world's ten largest contributors to marine litter
- The impact of EPR on future packaging design.
Who should buy the report?
- Packaging converters
- Brands
- Packaging manufacturers
- Raw material suppliers
- Feedstock material suppliers.
The Smithers methodology
This report is based on extensive primary and secondary research. Primary research consisted of interviews with packaging material suppliers, converters and experts drawn from key markets. This was supported by secondary research in the form of extensive literature analysis of published data, official government statistics, domestic and international trade organisation data, company websites, industry reports, trade press articles, presentations, and attendance at trade events.
About the author
Dr. Neil Rogers is an award-winning package development consultant. He spent 25 years with the Procter & Gamble Company as their global expert in flexible packaging, sustainability, bottle packing & labelling, open innovation and supplier management. He was elected to the board of the CEFLEX Consortium and has also worked for Yara International. He also has extensive experience in R&D, procurement and packaging.
Table of Contents
List of tables
List of figures
Executive summary
1. Introduction and methodology
- Introduction
- Objectives
- Scope
- Methodology
- Definitions
- Abbreviations relating to legal frameworks
- Definitions related to legal frameworks
- Technical definitions
- Technical abbreviations
2. Review of EU climate regulations to 2030
- Introduction - the need for legislative change
- Non-standard waste management across member states
- Emphasis on 'reduce' at the expense of 'recycle'
- The changing waste stream and fit with recycling infrastructure
- Overview of the EU's legislative framework
- Overarching legislative programmes
- A circular economy
- EU plastics strategy
- Waste package
- The EU Green Deal
- New Circular Economy Action Plan (NCEAP)
- Food contact materials
- Directives and legislation
- Waste Framework Directive (WFD)
- Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive (PPWD)
- Single-Use Plastics Directive (SUPD)
- Waste shipment regulation (WSR)
- Landfill Directive (LD)
- Sustainable Product Policy Framework
- Green claim legislation
- Biodegradable packaging regulations
- Recycled content regulations
- Emerging EU and member state plastic taxes
- EU plastic tax
- UK plastic packaging tax
- Spanish and Italian plastic tax
- French plastic tax
- Implications for packaging
- Package design
- EPR and taxation
- Waste management
3. Overview of climate packaging regulations outside the EU
- Overview
- Packaging pollution: marine litter and mismanaged waste
- Individual country climate regulations
- China
- USA
- Japan
- South Korea
- Hong Kong
- Chile
- Brazil
- Malaysia
- Sri Lanka
- Thailand
- Indonesia
- The Philippines
- Vietnam
- India
- Saudi Arabia
4. Implications for different packaging materials and forms
- Overview
- Paper-based packaging
- Plastic packaging
- PET
- HDPE
- PVC
- LDPE
- PP
- PS
- Other
- Biodegradable plastic
- Metal packaging
- Glass packaging
5. Package development strategies in response to climate regulations
- Overview
- Sustainable package development strategies
- Material reductions/resource efficiency
- Recyclable packaging
- Biodegradable packaging
- Reusable packaging
- Recycled content into packaging
- Sustainably sourced materials
- Investment in waste management Infrastructure
6. Supply chain action in response to climate regulations
- Overview
- Material suppliers
- PCR-virgin blends
- Feedstock from chemical recycling of plastic waste
- Feedstock from biomass
- Other developments
- Waste management and recycling companies
- Solvent dissolution
- Cadel Deinking
- Erema deodorisation
- saperatec layer separation
- Packaging suppliers
- Recyclable packaging
- Recycled content
- Biodegradable packaging
- Packing equipment vendors
- Brand owners and retailers
- Procter & Gamble
- Unilever
- Nestle
- Tesco
- Notable consortium activity
List of tables
- E.1 Summary of the main implications of EU packaging legislation on future package design
- E.2 Summary of the main implications of EU packaging legislation on future EPR and taxation
- E.3 Main implications of EU packaging legislation on future package waste management
- E.4 Updated packaging recycling targets to 2030 arising from the PPWD
- E.5 An overview of packaging legislation and waste management for the countries considered in this report
- E.7 Sustainable package development options in differing regions
- 2.1 Timeof packaging impacts arising from the EU programme for a circular economy
- 2.2 Timeof improvements for plastics and plastic packaging arising from the EU's plastics strategy
- 2.3 Main policy areas and scope of the Green Deal
- 2.4 Timeof main deliverables arising from the New Circular Economy Action Plan (part of the Green Deal)
- 2.5 Timeof deliverables to increase recycled content for food contact applications
- 2.6 Examples of EPR levels for different packaging materials in four EU member states
- 2.7 A timefor updates to the WFD as part of the NCEAP
- 2.8 Updated packaging recycling targets to 2030, arising from the PPWD
- 2.9 Current Packaging Essential Requirements Regulations
- 2.10 Summary of recyclability guidelines from different packaging organisations
- 2.11 A timeline for planned updates to the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive (PPWD)
- 2.12 Targeted plastic articles and associated action steps in the Single-Use Plastics Directive (SUPD)
- 2.13 Timeof actions arising from the EU's Single-Use Plastics Directive (SUP; Circular Economy Action Plan and Plastics Strategy)
- 2.14 Timeof updates to the WSR arising from the EU Green Deal
- 2.15 Timeof updates to the LD arising from the EU Green Deal
- 2.16 Timefor Biodegradable Packaging Legislation within the EU's circular economy
- 2.17 Timefor mandating recycled content into plastic packaging
- 2.18 Overview of EU member state packaging/environmental plastic taxes
- 2.19 Timeof the major implication on packaging design arising from EU packaging legislation
- 2.20 Timeof major changes in EPR and taxation from planned EU packaging legislation
- 2.21 Timeof the major changes in waste management within the EU, arising from planned packaging/environmental legislation
- 3.1 An overview of environmental packaging legislation for a selection of countries
- 3.2 An overview of climate regulations with implications for package design, 2016-30
- 3.3 Plastic products and packaging whose production and sale are prohibited in China
- 4.1 Qualitative comparison of environmental impact/sustainability and legislation on packaging materials
- 4.2 Recent developments in the performance of paper packaging to replace plastic packaging
- 4.3 Recent developments in paper packaging to replace glass packaging
- 5.1 Sustainability strategies among brand owners and package suppliers
- 5.2 Definition of recyclability from different packaging organisations
- 5.3 Recent developments in paper packaging performance to enable plastic packaging replacement
- 6.1 Sustainable plastics development: resin suppliers and their technology partners
- 6.2 Properties of nylon/PE-based food packaging across a range of typical pack formats
- 6.3 Properties of PE mono-materialbased food packaging across a range of typical pack formats
- 6.4 Properties of PE/EVOH-based food packaging across a range of typical pack formats
- 6.5 Properties of metallised or oxide coated BOPP/PE type structures for food packaging across a range of typical pack formats
- 6.6 Analysis of brand owner origins of marine litter across multiple countries, 2019
- 6.7 Tesco's preferred packaging material list
- 6.8 Details of consortia activity for sustainable packaging
List of figures
- E.1 An overview of EU Climate Regulation from 2015 to 2025, with implications for package design
- E.2 EU Waste Hierarchy and relationship to linear and circular economies
- E.3 EU EPR plans, based on layers of different EPR charges
- 2.1 The EU's legal framework for packaging-relevant environmental legislation
- 2.2 The EU's Waste Hierarchy and how the linear and circular economy fit into this hirearchy
- 2.3 The main policy areas of the EU's Green Deal
- 2.4 Future EPR plans, based on layers of different EPR charges
- 3.1 The top plastic polluting countries by weight and for mismanaged waste and marine litter
- 3.2 Percentage of plastic waste that is mismanaged per country in 2010
- 3.3 Sources of plastic marine litter
- 5.1 EU Waste Hierarchy showing linear and circular economy fit
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