医療自動化技術：製品および市場

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Abstract

REPORT HIGHLIGHTS

The U.S. market for medical automation technologies was worth an estimated $12 billion in 2008. This market is projected to grow to $13.1 billion in 2009 and to $23.2 billion by 2014, a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.2% over the next 5 years. Therapeutic applications account for the largest share of the medical automation market, with 73% in 2008, declining slightly to 72% by 2014. Diagnostic and monitoring applications represent about a quarter of the market, with $3 billion in sales in 2008. That is expected to rise to $3.3 billion in 2009 and to nearly $5.9 billion in 2014, for a CAGR of 12.4%.

INTRODUCTION

STUDY BACKGROUND

The U.S. government and healthcare industry have embarked on a major effort to increase the efficiency of healthcare, with the twin objectives of containing costs and improving the quality of care. Information technology has been at the forefront of this effort; indeed, BCC Research recently completed a study of healthcare IT technologies, products, and market opportunities (Report HLC048B).

However, healthcare IT is just one segment of the broader field of medical automation, a field that many experts believe will revolutionize the way medical care is provided. Automated delivery of healthcare can contain costs, reduce errors, and improve outcomes.

Major improvements in production efficiency and product quality have been demonstrated through automation in factories. Medical automation will borrow many of the principles developed in factory automation and apply them to the medical environment. Automation will have to demonstrate, however, that it is safe for patients, has more flexibility to accommodate the complex tasks within the hospital, and can generate a reasonable return on investment.

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

The overall goal of this study is to identify and quantify the market opportunities associated with medical automation. In support of this goal, specific objectives of this report include:

• Identifying the medical automation technologies with the greatest commercial potential over the next 5 years (2009 to 2014)
• Estimating the market for these technologies in 2007 to 2008
• Analyzing the technical, economic and other demand drivers for these products, and other prerequisites of success in these markets
• Projecting the potential U.S. markets for these technologies through 2014.

INTENDED AUDIENCE

The report is intended especially for healthcare automation suppliers, as well as government agencies, healthcare policy analysts and others seeking to understand the cost and preconditions for success of healthcare automation initiatives. Although the report is structured around specific technologies, it is largely nontechnical in nature. That is, it is concerned less with theory and jargon than with what works, how much of the latter the market is likely to purchase, and at what price.

As such, the report' s main audience is executive management, marketing and financial analysts. It is not written specifically for scientists and technologists, although its findings concerned the markets for their work, including the availability of government and corporate research funding for different technologies, and applications should interest them as well.

SCOPE OF REPORT

As indicated above, medical automation is closely related to healthcare IT, which is the subject of a companion BCC report, Healthcare Information Technology. However, for the purposes of this report, medical automation technologies are defined as technologies for the electromechanical control or operation of diagnostic or therapeutic processes or systems or training of healthcare professionals, which result in a reduced need for human intervention, or no such need at all. Examples of such medical automation technologies include the following:

• Automated health assessment and monitoring technologies
• Automated medical imaging and image analysis
• Automated prescription fulfillment devices
• Automated therapeutic (nonsurgical) devices
• Robotic and computer-assisted surgical equipment
• Automated laboratory testing and analysis
• Automated healthcare logistics, resource, and patient tracking
• Automated medical training

The study format includes the following major elements:

• Executive summary
• Definitions
• Medical automation technologies and applications
• Enabling technologies
• End-user segments
• Market environment (legal and regulatory, standards, economic conditions, consumer attitudes)
• Current (2007 and 2008) and projected market for medical automation technologies and products through 2014

METHODOLOGY

The findings and conclusions of this report are based on information gathered from developers, suppliers, integrators and users of medical automation technologies. Interview data were combined with information gathered through an extensive review of secondary sources, such as trade publications, trade associations, company literature, and online databases to produce the baseline market estimates contained in this report.

The base year for analysis and projection is 2008. With 2008 as a baseline, market projections were developed for 2009 to 2014. These projections are based on a combination of a consensus among the primary contacts combined with our understanding of the key market drivers and their impact from a historical and analytical perspective. The analytical methodologies used to generate the market estimates are described in detail in the section on detailed market projections.

Table of Contents

Chapter- 1: INTRODUCTION -- Complimentary 4

• STUDY BACKGROUND 1
• GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 1
• INTENDED AUDIENCE 2
• SCOPE OF REPORT 2
• METHODOLOGY 3
• AUTHOR' S CREDENTIALS 3
• RELATED BCC RESEARCH 3
• BCC ONLINE SERVICES 4
• DISCLAIMER 4

Chapter-2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2

• DEFINITIONS 7
• MEDICAL AUTOMATION FUNCTIONS 7
• HEALTH ASSESSMENT, MONITORING 7
• IMAGING 8
• PRESRIPTION FORMULATION, DISPENSING 8
• NONSURGICAL THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS 8
• MEDICAL ROBOTICS AND COMPUTER-ASSISTED SURGERY 8
• LABORATORY TESTING AND ANALYSIS 9
• LOGISTICS, RESOURCE AND PATIENT TRACKING 9
• HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING 9
• ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR MEDICAL AUTOMATION 9
• WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES 10
• SENSORS 10
• Parameters Measured 11
• Micro- and Nanosensors 11
• Sensing Fabrics and Wearable Monitors 12
• ROBOTICS 12
• Surgical Robots 13
• Other Medical Robot Applications 14
• ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND DECISION SUPPORT 15
• Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support (Continued) 16
• TABLE 1 MEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 17
• RFID/BARCODING 17
• END USER SEGMENTS 18
• HOSPITALS 19
• FIGURE 1 TRENDS IN NUMBER OF U.S. HOSPITALS, 1995 - 2007 (UNITS) 19
• FIGURE 2 U.S. HOSPITALS WITH SURGERY DEPARTMENTS, 2008 (NUMBER OF HOSPITALS) 20
• OUTPATIENT SURGERY CENTERS 20
• PHYSICIAN PRACTICES 21
• FIGURE 3 TRENDS IN NUMBER OF ACTIVE U.S. PHYSICIANS, 1975-2007 (THOUSANDS) 21
• TABLE 2 DISTRIBUTION OF U.S. PHYSICIANS BY PRACTICE SETTNG/SIZE, 1996 - 2005 (%) 22
• RETAIL ESTABLISHMENTS 22
• FIGURE 4 TRENDS IN NUMBER OF RETAIL DRUG OUTLETS, 2000 - 2007 (THOUSAND UNITS) 23
• HOME CARE 23
• FIGURE 5 TRENDS IN U.S. EXPENDITURES ON HOME HEALTHCARE, 2000 - 2008* ($ BILLIONS) 24
• MILITARY 24
• FIGURE 6 U.S. MILITARY HEALTH EXPENDITURES, FY 2000 - FY 2008 ($ BILLIONS) 25
• MEDICAL RESEARCH/CLINICAL LABORATORIES 25
• MEDICAL SCHOOLS/OTHER TRAINING INSTITUTIONS 26
• TABLE 3 U.S. MEDICAL AUTOMATION MARKET BY FUNCTION 26
• FIGURE 7 U.S. MEDICAL AUTOMATION MARKET BY FUNCTION, 2008-2014 (%) 27

Chapter-3: OVERVIEW OF MEDICAL AUTOMATION 21

Chapter-4: MARKET ENVIRONMENT FOR MEDICAL AUTOMATION 17

• LAWS AND REGULATIONS 28
• FDA REGULATION 28
• FDA Regulation (Continued) 29
• FDA Regulation (Continued) 30
• MEDICARE/MEDICAID RULES 31
• DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS 32
• GROWTH AND STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE U.S. POPULATION 32
• TABLE 4 TRENDS IN TOTAL US POPULATION AND POPULATION AGED 65 AND OLDER, 2000 - 2014 (THOUSANDS) 33
• TRENDS IN THE NUMBER OF ELDERLY LIVING IN OWN HOMES 33
• FIGURE 8 TRENDS IN THE PERCENTAGE OF AMERICANS OVER 65 REMAINING IN THEIR HOMES, 1985 - 2007 (%) 34
• TRENDS IN THE HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY 35
• RISING HOSPITAL/NURSING HOME COSTS 35
• FIGURE 9 TRENDS IN U.S. HOSPITAL AND NURSING HOME COSTS SINCE 2000 ($) 35
• FIGURE 9 (CONTINUED) 36
• EXPENDITURES ON HOME HEALTHCARE 36
• FIGURE 10 TRENDS IN U.S. EXPENDITURES ON HOME HEALTHCARE, 2000 - 2007 ($ BILLIONS) 36
• PHYSICIAN ATTITUDES TOWARD HOME CARE 37
• FIGURE 11 TREND IN NUMBER OF MEDICARE-PAID PHYSICIAN HOUSE CALLS, 2001 AND 2008 (MILLION HOUSE CALLS) 37
• DECLINING REIMBURSEMENT RATES 38
• SHORTAGES OF HEALTHCARE PERSONNEL AND INCREASING WORKLOADS 39
• Physicians 39
• Surgeons 40
• Nurses 41
• HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS' ATTITUDES TOWARDS AUTOMATION 42
• CARE PROVIDER FINANCES 43
• FIGURE 12 EFFECT OF ECONOMIC DOWNTURN ON HOSPITALS' IT SPENDING (%) 44

Chapter-5: AUTOMATED HEALTH ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING: TECHNOLOGIES, PRODUCTS AND MARKETS 25

• SUMMARY 45
• FIGURE 13 TRENDS IN U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED HEALTH ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING, 2008 - 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 45
• AUTOMATED HOME MONITORING AND TELEMETRY 46
• Objectives 46
• Technologies 46
• Embedded Monitors 46
• Toilet Seats 46
• Bathroom Mirrors 46
• Elderly Walkers 47
• Wearable Monitors 47
• Wearable ... (Continued) 48
• Home Telemetry Monitors 49
• Telehomecare 49
• Mobile Phone-based Technologies 49
• Bluetooth 50
• ZigBee 50
• Signal Transmission via Human Skin 51
• Current Commercial Status 51
• Suppliers 51
• TABLE 5 DEVELOPERS AND SUPPLIERS OF AUTOMATED HOME MONITORING AND TELEMETRY SOLUTIONS 52
• TELEHEALTH KIOSKS 52
• Objectives 52
• Technologies 53
• Commercial Status 53
• Suppliers 54
• TABLE 6 SUPPLIERS OF TELEHEALTH KIOSKS 54
• AUTOMATED EYE EXAMINATION DEVICES 54
• Objectives 54
• Technologies 55
• Automated Ophthalmic Instruments 55
• Autorefractors 55
• Autokeratometers 55
• Aberrometers 55
• Eye Health Kiosk 56
• Suppliers 56
• TABLE 7 DEVELOPERS AND SUPPLIERS OF AUTOMATED EYE HEALTHCARE SOLUTIONS 57
• Current Commercial Status 57
• AUTOMATED DRUG TESTING 57
• Objectives 58
• Technologies 59
• Analytical Technologies 59
• FIGURE 14 DRUG TESTS BY TYPE OF TEST, 2008 (PERCENT OF ALL TESTS BY VALUE) 59
• FIGURE 14 (CONTINUED) 60
• Test Matrices 60
• Eye Tracking Systems 61
• Laboratory vs. Point-of-Collection Analysis 61
• Commercial Status 61
• Suppliers 62
• TABLE 8 DEVELOPERS AND SUPPLIERS OF AUTOMATED DRUG TESTING EQUIPMENT 62
• MARKETS 62
• TABLE 9 U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED HEALTH ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING SYSTEMS BY TYPE OF SYSTEM, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 62
• FIGURE 15 AUTOMATED HEALTH MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT MARKET PRODUCT SEGMENTS (%) 63
• WEARABLE MONITORS 64
• TABLE 10 HOME MONITORING AND TELEMETRY SALES, 2008 - 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 64
• Home Telemetry Monitors 64
• TABLE 11 SALES OF HOME TELEMETRY MONITORS, 2008 - 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 64
• TELEHEALTH KIOSKS 65
• TABLE 12 TELEHEALTH KIOSK SALES AND LEASE REVENUES, 2014 (UNITS/$) 66
• AUTOMATED EYE HEALTHCARE TECHNOLOGIES 66
• TABLE 13 U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED DIAGNOSTIC OPHTHALMIC EQUIPMENT ($ MILLIONS) 66
• AUTOMATED DRUG TESTING 67
• FIGURE 16 AUTOMATED TEST EQUIPMENT SHARE OF DRUG TESTING MARKET, 2008 (%) 67
• FIGURE 17 DRUG ABUSE VS. THERAPEUTIC DRUG TESTING SHARES OF AUTOMATED DRUG TESTING EQUIPMENT MARKET, 2008 (%) 68
• TABLE 14 U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED DRUG TESTING SYSTEMS ($ MILLIONS) 69

Chapter-6: AUTOMATED IMAGING AND IMAGE ANALYSIS 18

• SUMMARY 70
• FIGURE 18 TRENDS IN US MARKET FOR AUTOMATED MEDICAL IMAGING TECHNOLOGIES, 2008 - 2014 ($) 70
• TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTS 71
• AUTOMATED RADIOGRAPHY AND FLUOROSCOPY 71
• Objectives 71
• Technologies 71
• Automated Radiography 71
• Automated Fluoroscopy 72
• CT Fluoroscopy 73
• AUTOMATED WHOLE-BREAST ULTRASOUND 73
• COMPUTER-AIDED DETECTION 74
• AUTOMATED MICROSCOPY 74
• AUTOMATED SKIN CANCER DETECTION 75
• Automated Skin ... (Continued) 76
• Commercial Status 77
• Suppliers 77
• TABLE 15 DEVELOPERS AND SUPPLIERS OF AUTOMATED IMAGING TECHNOLOGIES 77
• TABLE 15 (CONTINUED) 78
• ENDOSOCPIC CAPSULES 78
• Objective 78
• Technologies 78
• Current Commercial Status 79
• Suppliers 79
• TABLE 16 CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY SUPPLIERS 79
• MARKETS 80
• TABLE 17 U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED IMAGING SYSTEMS BY TYPE OF SYSTEM, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 80
• FIGURE 19 AUTOMATED IMAGING MARKET PRODUCT SEGMENTS, 2008-2014 (%) 81
• AUTOMATED RADIOGRAPHY AND FLUOROSCOPY 81
• TABLE 18 U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED RADIOGRAPHY AND FLUOROSCOPY SYSTEMS BY TYPE OF SYSTEM, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 82
• Automated Radiography 82
• TABLE 19 U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED RADIOGRAPHY SYSTEMS ($ MILLIONS) 82
• Fluoroscopy 83
• TABLE 20 U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED FLUOROSCOPY SYSTEMS ($ MILLIONS) 83
• CAD 83
• TABLE 21 U.S. MARKET FOR CAD SYSTEMS ($ MILLIONS) 84
• AUTOMATED WHOLE BREAST ULTRASOUND 84
• TABLE 22 U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED WHOLE BREAST ULTRASOUND SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 85
• AUTOMATED MICROSOCPY 85
• TABLE 23 U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED MICROSCOPY SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 86
• AUTOMATED SKIN CANCER DETECTION 86
• TABLE 24 U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED SKIN CANCER DETECTION SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 86
• CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY 87
• TABLE 25 U.S. MARKET FOR CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 87

Chapter-7: AUTOMATED PRESCRIPTION FORMULATION AND DISPENSING: TECHNOLOGIES, PRODUCTS AND MARKETS 7

• SUMMARY 88
• FIGURE 20 TRENDS IN US MARKET FOR AUTOMATED PRESCRIPTION FORMULATION AND DISPENSING TECHNOLOGIES, 2008 - 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 88
• OBJECTIVES 89
• TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTS 89
• PACKAGING MACHINES 89
• Tablet Counters 89
• Unit-Dose or Blister Pack Repackaging and Dispensing Systems 89
• INTRAVENOUS COMPOUNDERS 90
• DISPENSING MACHINES 90
• Centralized Dispensing Systems 90
• Decentralized Dispensing Systems 90
• CURRENT COMMERCIAL STATUS 91
• SUPPLIERS 91
• TABLE 26 SUPPLIERS OF AUTOMATED PRESCRIPTION FORMULATION AND DISPENSING SYSTEMS 92
• MARKETS 92
• TABLE 27 U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED PRESCRIPTION FORMULATION AND DISPENSING SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 92
• FIGURE 21 AUTOMATED PRESCRIPTION FORMULATION AND DISPENSING PRODUCT SEGMENTS, 2008-2014 (%) 93
• HOSPITAL/INPATIENT SYSTEMS 93
• TABLE 28 U.S. MARKET FOR HOSPITAL/INPATIENT AUTOMATED PRESCRIPTION FORMULATION AND DISPENSING SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 94
• PHARMACY/OUTPATIENT SYSTEMS 94
• TABLE 29 U.S. MARKET FOR PHARMACY/OUTPATIENT AUTOMATED PRESCRIPTION FORMULATION AND DISPENSING SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 94

Chapter-8: AUTOMATED THERAPEUTIC (NONSURGICAL) PROCEDURES: TECHNOLOGIES, PRODUCTS AND MARKETS 14

• SUMMARY 95
• FIGURE 22 TRENDS IN US MARKET FOR AUTOMATED NON-SURGICAL THERAPEUTIC DEVICES, 2008 - 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 95
• TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTS 96
• AUTOMATED DEFIBRILLATORS 96
• Objectives 96
• Technologies 96
• Portable Automated Defibrillators 96
• Wearable Defibrillators 96
• Implantable Defibrillators 97
• Current Commercial Status 98
• Suppliers 98
• TABLE 30 AUTOMATED DEFIBRILLATOR MANUFACTURERS 98
• AUTOMATED MEDICATION DELIVERY SYSTEMS 99
• Objectives 99
• Technologies 99
• Implantable Drug Pumps 99
• Wearable Drug Pumps 100
• Wearable ... (Continued) 101
• Current Commercial Status 102
• Suppliers 102
• TABLE 31 AUTOMATED MEDICATION DELIVERY SYSTEM SUPPLIERS 102
• MARKETS 102
• TABLE 32 U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED NON-SURGICAL THERAPEUTIC DEVICES, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 103
• FIGURE 23 AUTOMATED NON-SURGICAL THERAPEUTIC DEVICE SEGMENTS, 2008-2014 (%) 103
• AUTOMATED DEFIBRILLATORS 104
• TABLE 33 U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED DEFIBRILLATORS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 104
• Portable Automated Defibrillators 104
• TABLE 34 U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATORS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 104
• Implanted Cardioverter Defibrillators 105
• TABLE 35 U.S. MARKET FOR IMPLANTED CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATORS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 105
• AUTOMATED MEDICATION DELIVERY SYSTEMS 106
• TABLE 36 U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED MEDICATION DELIVERY SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 106
• Wearable Systems 107
• TABLE 37 U.S. MARKET FOR WEARABLE AUTOMATED MEDICATION DELIVERY SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 107
• Implanted Systems 107
• TABLE 38 U.S. MARKET FOR IMPLANTED AUTOMATED MEDICATION DELIVERY SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 108

Chapter-9: MEDICAL ROBOTICS AND COMPUTER-ASSISTED SURGICAL DEVICES: TECHNOLOGIES, PRODUCTS AND MARKETS 22

SUMMARY 109 FIGURE 24 TRENDS IN US MARKET FOR AUTOMATED MEDICAL IMAGING TECHNOLOGIES, 2008 - 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 109 TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTS 110 SURGICAL PLANNERS AND SIMULATORS 110 Objectives 110 Technologies 110 Modeling of Organs and Deformations 111 Simulation of Actions and Force Feedback Reactions 111 Emerging Technologies 112 Web-Based Surgical Simulators 112 Virtual Surgery Tables 112 Currrent Commercial Status 113 Suppliers 113 TABLE 39 STANDALONE SURGICAL PLANNERS AND SIMULATORS 113 SURGICAL NAVIGATION SYSTEMS 114 Technologies 114 Imaging Technologies 114 Multi-Modal Imaging 114 Fluoroscopic Imaging 115 Video-enhanced Imagery 115 Microscopic Imagery 115 Endoscopic Imagery 116 Dynamic (Interventional) Imaging 117 Compact MRI Scanners 117 Intraoperative CT 118 Intraoperative Ultrasound 118 Tracking Technologies 118 Optical Tracking 118 Electromagnetic Tracking 119 Display Technologies 119 Virtual and Augmented Reality 119 Heads-up Displays 119 Suppliers 120 TABLE 40 SURGICAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM SUPPLIERS 120 SURGICAL ROBOTS 120 Objectives 121 Technologies 121 Robotically Assisted Micro-manipulation 121 Steady-hand Systems 122 Robotic "Wrists" and Other Dexterity Enhancements 122 Pre-programmed Robots 123 Constraint Robots 123 Voice Control 124 Other Emerging Technologies 124 New Robotic Arm Designs 124 Remote Surgery 125 Microbots 125 Suppliers 125 TABLE 41 SUPPLIERS AND DEVELOPERS OF SURGICAL ROBOTICS 126 "INTELLIGENT OPERATING ROOMS" AND RELATED EQUIPMENT 126 Description 126 Technologies 126 Data Routing 127 User Interface 127 Open System Architectures 128 Suppliers 128 TABLE 42 SUPPLIERS OF INTELLIGENT OPERATING ROOM SOLUTIONS AND COMPONENTS 128 MARKETS 128 TABLE 43 U.S. MEDICAL ROBOTICS AND COMPUTER-ASSISTED SURGERY MARKET BY TYPE OF EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 129 FIGURE 25 U.S. MEDICAL ROBOTICS AND COMPUTER-ASSISTED SURGERY MARKET SHARES BY TYPE OF EQUIPMENT, 2008 VS. 2014 (PERCENT OF TOTAL SALES) 130

Chapter-10: AUTOMATED LABORATORY TESTING AND ANALYSIS: TECHNOLOGIES, PRODUCTS AND MARKETS 8

• FIGURE 26 TRENDS IN US MARKET FOR AUTOMATED CLINICAL LABORATORY SYSTEMS, 2008 - 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 131
• FIGURE 26 (CONTINUED) 132
• TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTS 132
• OBJECTIVES 132
• TECHNOLOGIES 133
• Central Laboratory Systems 133
• Total Laboratory Automation 133
• Modular Systems 133
• Sample Processing 133
• Quality Inspection 134
• Standardized Interfaces 134
• Point-of-Care Testing Systems 134
• COMMERCIAL STATUS 135
• SUPPLIERS 135
• TABLE 44 SUPPLIERS OF AUTOMATED LABORATORY TESTING AND ANALYSIS SYSTEMS 135
• MARKETS 136
• SUMMARY 136
• TABLE 45 U.S. AUTOMATED LABORATORY TESTING AND ANALYSIS MARKET BY TYPE OF EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 136
• FIGURE 27 AUTOMATED LABORATORY TESTING AND ANALYSIS PRODUCT SEGMENTS, 2008-2014 (%) 136
• FIGURE 27 (CONTINUED) 137
• CENTRAL LABORATORY SYSTEMS 137
• TABLE 46 U.S. AUTOMATED CENTRAL LABORATORY TESTING AND ANALYSIS MARKET BY TYPE OF EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 137
• POINT-OF-CARE TESTING SYSTEMS 138
• TABLE 47 U.S. AUTOMATED POINT-OF-CARE TESTING AND ANALYSIS MARKET BY TYPE OF EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 138

Chapter-11: AUTOMATED HEALTHCARE LOGISTICS, RESOURCE AND PERSONNEL TRACKING: TECHNOLOGIES, PRODUCTS AND MARKETS 12

• SUMMARY 139
• FIGURE 28 TRENDS IN US MARKET FOR AUTOMATED HEALTHCARE LOGISTICS, RESOURCE AND PERSONNEL TRACKING SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2014 ($) 139
• TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTS 140
• AUTOMATED HOSPITAL PICKUP AND DELIVERY 140
• Objectives 140
• Technologies 140
• Pneumatic Tubes 140
• Automated Guided Vehicles 141
• Commercial Status 142
• Suppliers 142
• HOSPITAL ASSET/PATIENT/STAFF TRACKING SYSTEMS 142
• Objectives 143
• Technologies 143
• Active RFID 144
• Wi-Fi 144
• Hybrid Systems 145
• Sensor Tags 145
• Real-Time Location Systems 145
• Commercial Status 146
• Suppliers 146
• TABLE 49 SUPPLIERS OF HOSPITAL EQUIPMENT/PATIENT/STAFF/TRACKING SYSTEMS 146
• MARKETS 146
• SUMMARY 146
• TABLE 50 U.S. MARKET FOR AUTOMATED HEALTHCARE LOGISTICS, RESOURCE AND PERSONNEL TRACKING SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 147
• FIGURE 29 AUTOMATED HEALTHCARE LOGISTICS, RESOURCE AND PERSONNEL TRACKING SYSTEMS SEGMENTS. 2008-2014 (%) 147
• FIGURE 29 (CONTINUED) 148
• AUTOMATED HOSPITAL PICKUP AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS 148
• TABLE 51 U.S. MARKET FOR HOSPITAL AUTOMATED LOGISTICS SYSTEMS THROUGH 2 014 ($ MILLIONS) 148
• Pneumatic Tubes 148
• TABLE 52 U.S. MARKET FOR HOSPITAL PNEUMATIC TUBE SYSTEMS THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 149
• AGVs 149
• TABLE 53 U.S. MARKET FOR HOSPITAL AGV SYSTEMS THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 149
• HOSPITAL PATIENT/STAFF/EQUIPMENT TRACKING 150
• TABLE 54 U.S. MARKET FOR HOSPITAL RTLS SYSTEMS THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 150

Chapter-12: AUTOMATED MEDICAL (NON-SURGICAL) PROFESSIONAL TRAINING: TECHNOLOGIES, PRODUCTS AND MARKETS 4

• SUMMARY 151
• FIGURE 30 TRENDS IN US MARKET FOR AUTOMATED MEDICAL (NON-SURGICAL) TRAINING DEVICES, 2008 - 2014 ($) 151
• OBJECTIVES 152
• TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTS 152
• HUMAN PATIENT SIMULATORS 152
• VIRTUAL REALITY TRAINERS 153
• TEAM TRAINING 153
• COMMERCIAL STATUS 153
• SUPPLIERS 154
• MARKETS 154

Chapter-13: AUTOMATED MEDICAL (NON-SURGICAL) PROFESSIONAL TRAINING: TECHNOLOGIES, PRODUCTS AND MARKETS 22

• APPENDIX A: COMPANY PROFILES 155
• ACROBOT COMPANY LTD. (SURGICAL PLANNERS, NAVIGATORS, ROBOTS) 155
• AEROSCOUT, INC. 155
• ASTERES, INC. (AUTOMATED PRESCRIPTION FULFILLMENT) 156
• AWAREPOINT CORP. 156
• BECKMAN COULTER, INC. 157
• BRAINLAB AG (SURGICAL NAVIGATION SYSTEMS) 157
• CARD GUARD AG (HOME MONITORING AND TELEMETRY) 158
• CENTRAK INC. 159
• CLEARCOUNT MEDICAL SOLUTIONS, INC. 159
• COMPUTERIZED SCREENING INC. (TELEHEALTH KIOSKS) 160
• CURLIN MEDICAL, INC. 160
• EKAHAU INC. 161
• ESCREEN INC. (AUTOMATED DRUG TESTING SYSTEMS) 161
• GE HEALTHCARE (SURGICAL NAVIGATION SYSTEMS) 162
• GIVEN IMAGING LTD. 162
• ICAD INC. (COMPUTER-ASSISTED DETECTION AND DIAGNOSIS) 163
• INFIMED INC. 163
• INSULET CORP. 164
• INTUITIVE SURGICAL, INC. (SURGICAL ROBOTICS) 164
• IRIS INTERNATIONAL, INC. 165
• MEDICAL EDUCATION TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 165
• MEDVITAL (HOME MONITORING AND TELEMETRY) 166
• MICROCHIPS INC. 166
• NOVX SYSTEMS INC. (AUTOMATED DRUG TESTING) 167
• PARATA SYSTEMS LLC 167
• PEVCO SYSTEMS INTERNATIONAL INC. 167
• PHILIPS HEALTHCARE (AUTOMATED MEDICAL IMAGING) 168
• POLARTECHNICS LTD. 168
• QUIK, INC. (AUTOMATED PRESCRIPTION FULFILLMENT) 168
• RF COMPANY LTD. 169
• ROBOTIC SURGICAL TECH, INC. (SURGICAL ROBOTICS) 169
• SENSATEX (HOME MONITOINRG AND TELEMETRY) 170
• SIEMENS HEALTHCARE 170
• SIMSURGERY (SURGICAL SIMULATORS) 171
• STREETIME TECHNOLOGIES (AUTOMATED DRUG TESTING) 171
• STRYKER CORP. (NAVIGATION SYSTEMS, INTELLLIGENT OPERATING ROOMS) 171
• T+ MEDICAL AMERICAS (HOME MONITORING AND TELEMETRY) 172
• U-SYSTEMS, INC. (AUTOMATED IMAGING SYSTEMS) 173
• VERSUS TECHNOLOGY, INC. 173
• VIVOMETRICS INC. 173
• ZOLL MEDICAL CORP. 174

APPENDIX B: PATENT ANALYSIS 175

• FIGURE 31 U.S. MEDICAL AUTOMATION PATENTS BY TYPE OF TECHNOLOGY (% OF PATENTS ISSUED THROUGH JUNE 1, 2009) 175
• FIGURE 31 (CONTINUED) 176

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