Abstract
Report Overview
This SupplierBusiness / Knibb Gormezano Partners report, covers Active Safety
Systems in Light Duty Vehicles including passenger cars, light trucks, SUVs
and MPVs. Road safety failures are a major stain on the record of an advanced
society. No better example of Society' s failure on the safety front is its
past inability to control and reduce death and injury on the roads.
This has been recognised by the European Commission and has resulted in a
number of major initiatives to improve safety with the short-term target of
halving the 40,000 annual death toll. Member states have also embarked on
their own plans in support of this objective. Improvements fall into a number
of categories:
- 1. Driver education and training
- 2. Stimulating improved crashworthiness of vehicles via programmes such as
EuroNCAP;
- 3. Supporting and promoting improved crash avoidance technology in
vehicles such as ESC;
- 4. Initiatives for better road design (e.g. EuroRAP);
- 5. Infrastructure improvements;
- 6. Vehicle to Infrastructure communications (e.g. e- Call);
- 7. Greater law enforcement effort targeted at driver behaviour;
- 8. More rigorous and extended forms of vehicle condition testing.
The current two-volume report focuses on point 3 and incorporates various
aspects under Point 6. Its puurpose is to provide a comprehensive overview and
some detailed analysis of the subject in terms of markets, technologies,
adoption rate forecasts and government policies. It is complemented by a
survey of stakeholder attitudes conducted by SupplierBusiness and available
separately.
This report into Active Safety Systems for light duty vehicles has been
undertaken in response to a growing interest among vehicle manufacturers,
systems and component suppliers, engineering design and testing services
companies, transport operators and regulatory bodies to find ways to reduce
road accidents involving passenger cars and make a significant contribution to
the European Commission' s target of halving road deaths by 2010 and to achieve
similar goals in the USA.
Vehicle manufacturers (OEMs) and suppliers are investing heavily in Active
Safety Systems despite prevailing economic conditions and KGP believes that
the time is right to examine, to what extent Active Safety Systems on
passenger cars might evolve over the coming years and, more importantly, to
what extent they might contribute to reductions in accident rates.
The research for this report was undertaken during the autumn of 2008 and
early 2009. This included study of the available and emerging Active Safety
Systems, interviews with manufacturers, suppliers, NGOs and legislators.
The aims were to provide:
- A route map for the introduction of active safety systems in passenger
cars and adoption rate scenarios;
- Observations on the impact of systems on accident avoidance;
- Suggested actions for the industry and regulatory bodies.
- Profiles of the key companies involved in the design and manufacture of
active safety systems worldwide.
Volume II covers active safety system technologies:
The study investigated 33 technologies which are pure active safety systems
grouped under the main categories of Traction Systems, Suspension Systems,
Dynamic Drive Systems, Lighting Systems, Speed Influencing Systems, and those
which have some evolving active safety element such as Tracker Systems and
even Alcohol Interlock Systems and Automatic Transmissions. Issues covered
include a history of the technology. Some safety systems have evolved from
passive to active functionality. If both passive and active systems are
available and there are varying functionalities of different generations of
the devices, these are described. The benefits to society of the active safety
system are detailed in terms of R&D or Field Operational Trials made by
independent research organisations, insurers, or the car makers themselves.
Statistical data collected on fatal accidents and the lives saved using the
devices, is presented where available. The latest regulations and legislation
of the EC are described, including any supporting activities by the EC. Each
section ends with an analysis of the suppliers of safety systems and car
makers using them, as well as average price levels of the safety systems.
A description of enabling technologies including the role of sensors and the
AUTOSAR common system architecture initiative is provided.
Volume II culminates in profiles of all the key suppliers of active safety
related products to the industry globally
Table of Contents
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 8
TRACTION SYSTEMS 11
- Anti Lock Braking System (ABS) 11
- Society benefits 12
- Regulatory Issues 13
- Vehicle Applications 13
- Market Data 13
- Brake Assistance System (BAS or EBA) 14
- The Technology 14
- Society benefits 15
- Regulatory Issues 16
- Vehicle Applications 17
- Market data 17
- Electronic Stability Control (ESC) Or Electronic Stability Program (ESP)
Or Roll Stability
- Control (RSC) 18
- The Technology 18
- Society benefits 19
- Regulatory Issues 21
- Vehicle Applications 22
- Market data 22
- Traction Control System (ASR) 22
- The Technology 22
- Society benefits 24
- Regulatory Issues 24
- Vehicle Applications 24
- Market data 25
- Active Wheel Load Distribution System (AWLD) 25
- The Technology 25
- Society benefits 26
- Regulatory Issues 27
- Vehicle Applications 27
- Market data 27
- Active All Wheel Drive System (AWD) 27
- The Technology 27
- Society benefits 29
- Regulatory Issues 29
- Vehicle Applications 29
- Market data 29
- Hill Descent Control (HDC) 30
- The Technology 30
- Society Benefits 30
- Regulatory Issues 31
- Vehicle Applications 31
- Market data 31
- Active 4 Wheel Steering System (A4WSS) 31
- The Technology 31
- Society benefits 34
- Regulatory Issues 34
- Vehicle Applications 34
- Market data 35
- Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS) 35
- The Technology 35
- Society Benefits 38
- Regulatory Issues 38
- Vehicle Applications 40
- Market data 40
SUSPENSION SYSTEMS 41
- Active Suspension System (ASuS) 41
- The Technology 41
- Society benefits 42
- Regulatory Issues 42
- Vehicle Applications 42
- Market data 43
- Vehicle Damper Control System (VDCS) 43
- The Technology 43
- Society benefits 44
- Regulatory Issues 45
- Vehicle Applications 45
- Market data 45
DYNAMIC DRIVE SYSTEMS 46
- Reversing Assist System - Parking Assist System (RAS - PAS) 46
- The Technology 46
- Society benefits 47
- Regulatory Issues 47
- Vehicle Applications 47
- Market data 48
- Intelligent Parking Assist System (IPAS) 48
- The Technology 48
- Society Benefits 49
- Regulatory Issues 49
- Vehicle Applications 49
- Market data 50
- Lane Departure Warning System - Lane Keeping Assistance System (LDWS -
LKAS) 50
- The Technology 50
- Society Benefits 51
- Regulatory Issues 53
- Vehicle Applications 54
- Market Data 56
- Collision Mitigation and Avoidance System (CMAS) 56
- The Technology 56
- Society Benefits 58
- Regulatory Issues 59
- Vehicle Applications 60
- Market Data 60
- Overtaking Assistance System (OAS) 60
- The Technology 60
- Society Benefits 60
- Regulatory Issues 60
- Vehicle Applications 61
- Market Data 61
- Blind Spot Monitor System (BSMS) 61
- The Technology 61
- Society Benefits 62
- Regulatory Issues 63
- Vehicle Applications 63
- Market Data 64
- Drowsiness Alertness Sensors / Eye Movement Sensors (DAS - EMS) 65
- The Technology 65
- Society Benefits 66
- Regulatory Issues 67
- Vehicle Applications 67
- Market Data 68
LIGHTING SYSTEMS 69
- Curve Adaptive Lighting (CAL) 69
- The Technology 69
- Society Benefits 73
- Regulatory Issues 74
- Vehicle Applications 75
- Market Data 75
- Progressive Brake Light Warning System (PBLWS) 75
- The Technology 75
- Society Benefits 76
- Regulatory Issues 76
- Vehicle Applications 76
- Market Data 77
- Vision Enhancement System (VES) 77
- The Technology 77
- Society Benefits 77
- Regulatory Issues 79
- Vehicle Applications 79
- Market Data 80
- Active & Passive Night Vision System (NVS) 80
- The Technology 80
- Society Benefits 81
- Regulatory Issues 82
- Vehicle Applications 82
- Market Data 82
SPEED INFLUENCING SYSTEMS 83
- Speed Alert System (SAS) 83
- The Technology 83
- Society Benefits 83
- Regulatory Issues 84
- Vehicle Applications 85
- Market Data 85
- Active Cruise Control (ACC) 86
- The Technology 86
- Society Benefits 89
- Regulatory Issues 90
- Vehicle Applications 90
- Market Data 90
- Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) 90
- The Technology 90
- Society Benefits 91
- Regulatory Issues 94
- Vehicle Applications 95
- Market Data 95
- Final Speed Limiter (FSL) 95
- The Technology 95
- Society Benefits 96
- Regulatory Issues 97
- Vehicle Applications 99
- Market Data 99
OTHER SYSTEMS 100
TRACKING SYSTEMS 100
- Smart Tachograph System (STS) 100
- The Technology 100
- Society Benefits 100
- Regulatory Issues 101
- Vehicle Applications 101
- Market Data 102
- Nomadic GPS Active Real Time Tracker System 102
- The Technology 102
- Society Benefits 103
- Regulatory Issues 103
- Vehicle Applications 103
- Market Data 104
- Pay As You Go Devices (PAYGo) Nomadic and Fixed 105
- The Technology 105
- Society Benefits 105
- Regulatory Issues 105
- Vehicle Applications 106
- Market Data 106
- Vehicle Disabling Systems (VDS) 107
- The Technology 107
- Society Benefits 109
- Regulatory Issues 110
- Vehicle Applications 110
- Market Data 110
- Alcohol Interlock (AIL, IID, BIID) 111
- The Technology 111
- Society Benefits 112
- Regulatory Issues 112
- Vehicle Applications 114
- Market Data 114
- Integrated Safety Systems (ISS) 114
- The Technology 114
- Society Benefits 115
- Regulatory Issues 116
- Vehicle Applications 118
- Market data 118
- Automatic Transmissions 118
- The Technology 118
- Society Benefits 119
- Regulatory Issues 120
- Vehicle Applications 120
- Market Data 121
ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES 122
- Brake-by-wire (BBW) or Electronic Braking System (EBS) 122
- Steer-by-wire (SBW) 122
- Sensor Technology 123
- External Sensor Technology 123
- Sensor Fusion 125
- Vehicle Electronics Architecture 125
AUTOSAR 126
SUPPLIER PROFILES
- ADVICS
- Aisin Seiki
- Autoliv
- Bartec
- Bendix
- Beru AG
- Bosch
- Bose
- Cobra Automotive
- Continental
- Delphi
- Denso
- Hella
- Hitachi
- Iteris
- Koito
- Lear
- Magneti Marelli
- Mando Corporation
- Mobileye
- Monitech
- Pacific Industrial
- Permagard
- Polaris
- Poron USA
- Roadmaster
- Schrader Electronics
- Smart Start
- Stanley Electric
- Takata
- Tenneco
- Torotrak
- TRW Automotive
- Valeo
- Visiocorp
- Visor
- Visteon
- William Geddes
- ZF
LIST OF FIGURES
- Figure 1: Typical ABS System design
- Figure 2: Working principles of typical ESC Systems:
- Figure 3: Typical ASR Traction Control System:
- Figure 4: Typical Active 4 Wheel Steering System
- Figure 5: Typical Tire Pressure Monitoring System using Sound Acoustic
Wave Technology
- Figure 6: Typical Parking Assist System / Reversing Assist System
- Figure 7: Typical Intelligent Parking Assistance System
- Figure 8: Typical Lane Departure Warning System
- Figure 9: Typical Collision Monitoring and Avoidance Systems
- Figure 10: Typical Blind Spot Monitoring System
- Figure 11: Typical Curve Adaptive Lighting System
- Figure 12: Curve Adaptive Lighting System using sequential LEDs.
- Figure 13: Typical Curve Adaptive Lighting System: Driver' s view
- Figure 14: Typical Curve Adaptive Lighting System: Algorithm inputs
- Figure 15: Typical Curve Adaptive Lighting performance of current
technologies
- Figure 16: Typical Adaptive Cruise Control System, top view
- Figure 17: Typical Adaptive Cruise Control System
- Figure 18: Typical principles of Integrated Safety System
LIST OF TABLES
- Table 1: Effect of Intelligent Speed Adaptation System on UK accident rates
