中国の粉ミルク市場：2008年

原文目次

Abstract

REPORT COVERAGE

This report reviews characteristics, trends and developments over the 2001 to 2007 period in the powdered milk market and industry of the People' s Republic of China, and gives forecasts of market performance to 2012. The emphasis is on the retail market and the major industry players.

The report covers the market for all powdered milk products, including infant formula and plain milk powder.

KEY REPORT FEATURES

This recently updated report includes:

• An overview of China' s total food market with sales statistics up to 2007;
• The total value of the powdered milk market, including sector breakdown, up to 2007;
• Value provincial and urban/rural breakdown, up to 2007;
• Market share analysis of the powdered milk market;
• Retail pricing trends for powdered milk products by province up to 2007, and by sector (2008);
• Volume & value forecast total powdered milk market in China up to 2012;
• Statistical analysis of China' s advertising, marketing and consumer trends;
• Key manufacturer profiles and financials;
• Key contacts & trade events;
• Overview of China' s demographics and macroeconomics.

Executive Summary

The powdered milk market in China is headline news - again - and for all the wrong reasons. The latest food poisoning issues that came to a head in early September 2008 are only the most recent of a spate of such problems in the powdered milk market, concerning both domestic and foreign manufacturers. This sector has become a model case in regard to the problems facing food manufacturing in China, and in the wider economy, these focusing on there being too much reliance on a mass of poor quality product coming from hundreds of small-scale producers, many of whom are cutting corners to make ends meet, and thus compromising safety.

This report examines where the problems lie, both in the specific market, and in the wider dairy industry, and how the industry needs rapid and extensive consolidation, improvements in production and delivery standards and better policing of regulation.

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION

• Report Coverage
• China' s Retail Statistics: A Cautionary Note
  • The Problems With Chinese Retail Data?
  • What Does All This Mean Practically?
• Figure A CHINA TOTAL & PER CAPITA RETAIL SALES COMPARED TO OTHER ASIAN COUNTRIES, 2005
• Other Access Asia Reports of Possible Interest
• Glossary 6
• Free Weekly Online Newsletter and Editorials

1. CHINA' S POWDERED MILK RETAIL MARKET

• 1.1 Overview 9
• 1.2 China' s Total Food & Beverage Market
  • 1.2.1 Total Food Market: Food & Non-food Sales
• Table 1.1 TOTAL CURRENT VALUE RETAIL SALES BY FOOD AND NON-FOOD, 2001-2007
  • 1.2.2 Total Food Market: Food/Non-food Sales Split
• Table 1.2 % BREAKDOWN OF SALES BY FOOD AND NON-FOOD, 2001-2007
  • 1.2.3 Total Food Market: Urban and Rural Split
• Table 1.3 TOTAL CURRENT VALUE RETAIL SALES BY FOOD & NON-FOOD, 2001-2007
  • 1.2.4 Total Food Market: The Trends
    • Figure 1.1: Total Volume Growth in Retail Sales of Selected Food Products in China, 2001-2007
    • Figure 1.2: Per Capita Volume & Growth of Retail Sales of Selected Food Products in China, 2000/2006
• Table 1.4 CURRENT VALUE RETAIL FOOD SALES BY MAJOR PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2001-2007
  • 1.2.5 Total Food Market: Urban Value Trends
• Table 1.5 CURRENT VALUE URBAN RETAIL FOOD SALES BY MAJOR PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2001-2007
  • 1.2.6 Total Food Market: Rural Value Trends 14
• Table 1.6 CURRENT VALUE RURAL RETAIL FOOD SALES BY MAJOR PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2001-2007
• 1.3 Total Powdered Milk Market
  • 1.3.1 Total Powdered Milk Market: Within the Broader Dairy Context
• Table 1.7 CHINA' S TOTAL DAIRY AND DRIED MILK VOLUME CONSUMPTION COMPARED, 2001-2007
  • 1.3.2 Total Powdered Milk Market: Apparent Consumption
• Table 1.8 DRIED MILK VOLUME PRODUCTION, TRADE AND APPARENT CONSUMPTION, 2001-2007
  • 1.3.3 Total Powdered Milk Market: Retail Market Significance
• Table 1.9 DRIED MILK RETAIL MARKET SIGNIFICANCE, 2001-2007
  • 1.3.4 Total Powdered Milk Market: Retail Products
• Table 1.10 DRIED MILK AND BABY FORMULA COMPARATIVE RETAIL MARKET SIGNIFICANCE, 2001-2007
  • 1.3.5 Total Powdered Milk Market: Child Population Trends
• Table 1.11 BIRTH RATES AND INFANT POPULATION TRENDS IN CHINA, 2001-2007
  • 1.3.6 Total Powdered Milk Market: Childcare Provision
• Table 1.12 DISTRIBUTION OF CHILD CARE CENTER AVAILABILITY, CENTER CARE USE AND MOTHER' S WORK STATUS, 2002
  • 1.3.7 Total Powdered Milk Market: Working Mothers
• Table 1.13 WORKING MOTHERS BY PROVINCE IN CHINA, 2000-2006
  • 1.3.8 Total Powdered Milk Market: Kindergartens
• Table 1.14 STATISTICS ON KINDERGARTENS IN CHINA, 2000-2007
• 1.4 Regional Markets
  • 1.4.1 Regional Markets: Provincial Values
• Table 1.15 CURRENT VALUE OF POWDERED MILK & INFANT FORMULA COMBINED RETAIL MARKET BY PROVINCE IN CHINA, 2001-2007
  • 1.4.2 Regional Markets: Provincial Per Capita Spend
• Table 1.16 PER CAPITA CURRENT VALUE OF POWDERED MILK & INFANT FORMULA COMBINED RETAIL MARKET BY PROVINCE IN CHINA, 2001-2007
  • 1.4.3 Regional Markets: Provincial Volumes
• Table 1.17 VOLUME OF POWDERED MILK & INFANT FORMULA COMBINED RETAIL MARKET BY PROVINCE IN CHINA, 2001-2007
  • 1.4.4 Regional Markets: Provincial Per Capita Volume Consumption
• Table 1.18 PER CAPITA VOLUME OF POWDERED MILK & INFANT FORMULA COMBINED RETAIL MARKET BY PROVINCE IN CHINA, 2001-2007
  • 1.5.2 Market Shares: Powdered Milk National Market Shares
• Table 1.19 LEADING COMPANY SHARES OF RETAIL POWDERED MILK SALES IN CHINA, 2004-2007
• 1.6 Prices
  • 1.6.1 Prices: Retail Price Indices
• Table 1.20 AVERAGE INCOME ANNUAL GROWTH BY SECTOR, 2004 - 2007
• Table 1.21 RETAIL PRICE INDICES BY BROAD SECTOR, 2000-2007
  • 1.6.2 Prices: Average Unit Values
• Table 1.22 AVERAGE UNIT RETAIL PRICES & % ANNUAL GROWTH ON POWDERED MILK & INFANT FORMULA, 2001-2007
  • 1.6.3 Prices: Average Regional Unit Prices
• Table 1.23 AVERAGE REGIONAL RETAIL PRICES & % ANNUAL GROWTH ON POWDERED MILK & INFANT FORMULA, 2001-2007
  • 1.6.4 Prices: Store Check Data
• Table 1.24 RETAIL PRICES OF SELECTED INFANT MILK POWDER (0-6 MONTHS), AUGUST 2008
• Table 1.25 RETAIL PRICES OF SELECTED INFANT MILK POWDER (ABOVE 6 MONTHS), AUGUST 2008
• Table 1.26 RETAIL PRICES OF SELECTED INFANT MILK POWDER (1-3 YEARS), AUGUST 2008
• Table 1.27 RETAIL PRICES OF SELECTED CHILDREN MILK POWDER (ABOVE 3 YEARS), AUGUST 2008
• Table 1.28 RETAIL PRICES OF SELECTED MILK POWDER FOR PREGNANT WOMEN, AUGUST 2008
• Table 1.29 RETAIL PRICES OF SELECTED MILK POWDER FOR THE ELDERLY, AUGUST 2008
• Table 1.30 RETAIL PRICES OF SELECTED MILK POWDER FOR THE FAMILY, WOMEN & STUDENTS, AUGUST 2008
• 1.7 Outlook
  • 1.7.1 Outlook: Forecast Trends
  • 1.7.2 Outlook: Total Market Size In Value Terms
• Table 1.31 FORECAST TOTAL VALUE & VOLUME MARKET FOR POWDERED MILK PRODUCTS IN CHINA, 2007-2012
• 1.8 Current Issues
  • 1.8.1 Current Issues: Legislation
• Table 1.32 POWER & WATER CONSUMPTION LIMITS
  • 1.8.2 Current Issues: Competing Against Mother' s Milk
• Table 1.33 TYPE OF MILK CONSUMED BY INFANTS IN CHINA
• Table 1.34 REASON FOR NOT BREASTFEEDING
• Table 1.35 BENEFIT OF BREASTFEEDING
• Table 1.36 USE OF BREAST MILK SUBSTITUTES DURING HOSPITAL LABOUR & DELIVERY
• Table 1.37 ACCEPTANCE OF BREAST MILK / INFANT FORMULA MILK POWDER
  • 1.8.2 Current Issues: Violation of the Codes of Marketing of Breast Milk Substitutes
• Table 1.38 AWARENESS ABOUT BREAST-MILK SUBSTITUTE RULE, CODE
  • 1.8.2 Current Issues: Substandard Milk Powder Hurting Consumer Confidence
• Table 1.39 PASSING RATE OF INFANT FORMULA MILK POWDER, 2004-08
  • 1.8.2 Current Issues: Foreign Versus Local Brands
  • 1.8.2 Current Issues: Booming Market Attracts New Players in the Market
  • 1.8.2 Current Issues: New Zealand-China Free Trade Agreement
• Table 1.40 TARIFFS ON NEW ZEALAND DAIRY PRODUCTS ENTERING CHINA
• Table 1.41 HS CODE DESCRIPTION
• Table 1.42 DAIRY PRODUCT PRICE OUTLOOK, 2006/07 TO 2008/09
  • 1.8.2 Current Issues: Fat Food: Facing an obesity epidemic
  • 1.8.5 Current Issues: Genetically Modified
  • 1.8.7 Current Issues: Organic Farming

2. MARKETING & DISTRIBUTION

• 2.1 Marketing & Advertising
  • 2.1.1 Marketing & Advertising: Trends
    • Conventional Media Advertising
• Table 2.1 ADVERTISING EXPENDITURE IN CHINA, 2004-2007
  • Online Advertising
• Table 2.2 ONLINE ADVERTISING EXPENDITURE IN CHINA, 2004-2007
  • 2.1.2 Marketing & Advertising: Leading Advertised Product Categories
• Table 2.3 TOP 10 ADVERTISING CATEGORIES IN CHINA, 2007
  • 2.1.3 Marketing & Advertising: Leading Advertised Brands
• Table 2.4 TOP 10 ADVERTISING BRANDS IN CHINA, 2007
  • 2.1.4 Marketing & Advertising: Leading Advertisers
• Table 2.5 CHINA' S TOP TEN ADVERTISERS, 2004-2006
  • 2.1.5 Marketing & Advertising: The Prime-time Advertising Auction
• Table 2.6 PRIME-TIME ADVERTISING AUCTION ON CHINA' S CCTV, 2000-2008
  • 2.1.12 Marketing & Advertising: Advertising Legislation Affecting China' s Milk Power Market
  • 2.1.7 Marketing & Advertising: Brand Preferences Choice Factors in China
    • Age & Location
• Table 2.7 BRAND PREFERENCES IN TERMS OF AGE GROUPS & LOCATIONS IN CHINA, 2007
  • Quality Versus Image
• Table 2.8 FACTORS DETERMINING BRAND CHOICES IN CHINA, 2007
  • Local Versus Foreign
• Table 2.9 BRAND PREFERENCES IN CHINA, 2007
  • "Chameleon" Brands
• Table 2.10 TOP CHAMELEON BRANDS IN CHINA, 2008
  • 2.1.8 Marketing and Advertising in China: Brand Equity
  • 2.1.9 Marketing & Advertising: Emerging Local Brands
• Table 2.11 CHINA' S MOST VALUABLE BRANDS, 2007/2008
  • 2.1.12 Marketing & Advertising: Pricing Issues
• Table 2.12 CONSUMERS WHO TRADE UP OR DOWN BY INCOME SEGMENTS, 2007
• Table 2.13 CONSUMERS WHO TRADE UP OR DOWN BY CATEGORIES, 2007
  • 2.1.13 Marketing & Advertising: Brand Marketing Strategies
  • 2.1.3 Marketing & Advertising: Olympic Sponsorship a Waste of Money?
• Table 2.14 TOP FIVE OLYMPIC SPONSORS & TOP TEN LOCAL COMPANIES ASSOCIATED WITH OLYMPICS, 2008
  • 2.1.16 Marketing & Advertising: Online Sales
• Table 2.15 TOP ONLINE SHOPPING TRANSACTION BY REGION, 2007
• Table 2.16 TOP REASONS FOR NOT SHOPPING ONLINE, 2007
• 2.2 Consumers
  • 2.2.1 Consumer Profile: Broad Consumer Trends
  • 2.2.2 Consumer Profile: Development of the Dairy Market
• Table 2.17 TARGET MARKETS FOR DAIRY PRODUCERS IN CHINA
• Table 2.18 TIME OF DAY MOST CONSUMERS EAT DAIRY PRODUCTS IN CHINA
  • 2.2.3 Consumer Profile: Sectoral Consumption Trends
    • Liquid Milk
    • Yoghurt
    • Ice Cream
    • Powdered & Formula Milk
• Table 2.19 TOP FACTOR CONSIDERED WHEN CHOOSING A PARTICULAR BRAND OF INFANT FORMULA MILK, 2007
• Table 2.20 SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON INFANT FORMULA MILK, 2007
• Table 2.21 LEVEL OF UNDERSTANDING OF THE FUNCTIONS OF NUTRITIONAL INGREDIENTS IN INFANT FORMULA MILK POWDER, 2007
• Table 2.22 NUMBER OF INFANT FORMULA MILK POWDER BRANDS USED, 2007
• Table 2.23 MOST FREQUENT PLACE TO BUY INFANT FORMULA MILK POWDER, 2007
• Table 2.24 MONTHLY EXPENDITURE ON INFANT FORMULA MILK POWDER, 2007
• 2.3 Wholesale Distribution
• 2.4 Retail Distribution
• Table 2.25 % BREAKDOWN OF DAIRY PRODUCTS SALES BY RETAIL OUTLET TYPE IN CHINA, 2001-2007

3. SOURCES OF SUPPLY

• 3.1 Foreign Competitor Considerations
• 3.2 General Shape of the Industry
• Table 3.1 BASIC SITUATION OF DAIRY PROCESSING, 1997-2006
• Table 3.2 SIZE OF CHINESE DAIRY PROCESSING ENTERPRISES, 2006
• 3.2 Dairy Product Output by City
• Table 3.3 PRODUCTION DAIRY PRODUCTS BY MAJOR CITY OF PRODUCTION, 2001-2003
• 3.3 China' s Growth in Milk Production by International Standards
• Table 3.4 CHINA' S GROWTH IN MILK PRODUCTION COMPARED TO OTHER MAJOR GLOBAL PRODUCERS, 2001
• 3.4 Output Value
• Table 3.5 DAIRY PRODUCTS OUTPUT VALUE BY BROAD SECTOR IN CHINA, 2001-2006
• 3.5 Output Volume
• Table 3.6 DAIRY PRODUCTS OUTPUT VOLUME BY BROAD SECTOR IN CHINA, 2001-200
• 3.6 Trade, Production and Apparent Consumption
• Table 3.7 CHINA POWDERED MILK IMPORTS, EXPORTS, PRODUCTION &APPARENT, INDUSTRIAL, HORECA & RETAIL CONSUMPTION VOLUME & VALUE, 2001-2006

4. SWOT ANALYSIS

• 4.1 Strengths
• 4.2 Weaknesses
• 4.3 Opportunities
• 4.4 Threats

5. LEADING COMPANIES

• 5.1 China Mengniu Dairy Company Limited
  • 5.1.1 China Mengniu Dairy: Company Details
  • 5.1.2 China Mengniu Dairy: China-based Activities
  • 5.1.3 China Mengniu Dairy: Financial Summary
• Table 5.1 CHINA MENGNIU DAIRY: FINANCIAL RESULTS, 2003-07
• Table 5.2 CHINA MENGNIU DAIRY: SEGMENT FINANCIAL SUMMARY, 2003-2007
• 5.2 Fonterra Co-operative Group
  • 5.2.1 Fonterra Co-operative Group: Company Details
  • 5.2.2 Fonterra Co-operative Group: China-based Activities
  • 5.5.2 Fonterra Co-operative Group: Financial Summary
• Table 5.3 FONTERRA CO-OPERATIVE GROUP: FINANCIAL RESULTS, 2003/04-2006/07
• 5.3 Groupe Danone SA
  • 5.3.1 Groupe Danone: Company Details
  • 5.3.2 Groupe Danone: China-based Activities
  • 5.3.3 Groupe Danone: Financial Results
• Table 5.4 GROUPE DANONE: FINANCIAL RESULTS, 2004-2007
• 5.4 Guangdong Yashili Group Company Limited
  • 5.4.1 Guangdong Yashili Group: Company Details
  • 5.4.2 Guangdong Yashili Group: Company Background
• 5.5 Heilongjiang Wandashan Dairy Company Limited
  • 5.7.1 Heilongjiang Wandashan Dairy: Company Details
  • 5.5.2 Heilongjiang Wandashan Dairy: Company Background
• 5.6 Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Company Limited
  • 5.6.1 Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group: Company Details
  • 5.6.2 Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group: Company Background
  • 5.6.3 Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group: Financial Summary
• Table 5.5 INNER MONGOLIA YILI INDUSTRIAL GROUP: FINANCIAL RESULTS, 2004-07
• 5.7 Mead Johnson Nutritionals (China)
  • 5.8.1 Mead Johnson Nutritionals (China): Company Details
  • 5.8.2 Mead Johnson Nutritionals (China): China-based Activities
• Table 5.6 MEAD JOHNSON NUTRITIONALS (CHINA): KEY PRODUCTS
• 5.8 Nestle
  • 5.8.1 Nestle: Company Details
  • 5.8.2 Nestle: China Operations
• Table 5.7 NESTLE: SUBSIDIARIES IN CHINA, 2007
  • 5.8.3 Nestle: Financial Results
• Table 5.8 NESTLE: FINANCIAL RESULTS, 2003-2007
• 5.9 Shijiazhuang Sanlu Group Company Limited
  • 5.9.1 Shijiazhuang Sanlu Group: Company Details
  • 5.9.2 Shijiazhuang Sanlu Group: Company Background
• Table 5.9 SHIJIANGZHUANG SANLU GROUP: MILK POWDER MARKET SHARE, 2005-07
• Table 5.10 SHIJIANGZHUANG SANLU GROUP: MILK POWDER RANGE 95
  • 5.9.4 Shijiazhuang Sanlu Group: Financial Summary
• Table 5.10 SHIJIANGZHUANG SANLU GROUP: FINANCIAL RESULTS, 2004-07
• 5.10 Synutra International Inc
  • 5.10.1 Synutra International: Company Details
  • 5.10.2 Synutra International: Company Background
• Table 5.11 SYNUTRA INTERNATIONAL: SUBSIDIARIES, 2007
  • 5.10.4 Synutra International: Financial Summary
• Table 5.12 SYNUTRA INTERNATIONAL: FINANCIAL SUMMARY, 2006/07-2007/08
• 5.11 Wyeth
  • 5.12.1 Wyeth: Company Details
  • 5.11.2 Wyeth: China-based Operations
• Table 5.13 WYETH: KEY MILK POWDER PRODUCTS IN CHINA
• 6 CONTACTS
• 6.1 Trade Organisations
  • 6.1.1 Dairy Association of China
  • 6.1.2 China Dairy Industry Association
• 6.2 Government Departments
  • 6.2.1 Ministry of Agriculture
  • 6.2.1 Ministry of Commerce
  • 6.2.1 Ministry of Health
• 7 EXHIBITIONS & TRADE FAIRS
• 7.1 China Intel Dairy Industry Exhibition
• 7.2 DairyTek China
• 7.3 International FoodTec China
• 7.4 China FoodTech
• 7.5 China International Food Expo 104
• APPENDIX: MARKET BACKGROUND
• A.1 Fast Facts
• A.2 Regions of China
• Map A.1 CHINA: PROVINCES AND MUNICIPALITIES
• A.3 Demographics
  • A.3.1 Demographics: Total Population
• Table A.1 TOTAL POPULATION, 2000 - 2007
• A.3.2 Demographics: Population by Location
• Table A.2 POPULATION BY URBAN-RURAL DIVIDE, 2001 - 2007
• A.3.3 Demographics: Population Breakdown by Location
• Table A.3 POPULATION % BREAKDOWN BY URBAN-RURAL DIVIDE, 2001 - 2007
• A.3.4 Demographics: Population by Province
• Table A.4 POPULATION BY PROVINCE, 2001-2007
• A.3.5 Demographics: Population Density by Province
• Table A.5 POPULATION DENSITY BY PROVINCE, 2004-2007
• A.3.6 Demographics: Population Concentration
• Map A.2 POPULATION CONCENTRATIONS BY PROVINCE, 2007
• A.3.7 Demographics: Population by Gender
• Table A.6 TOTAL POPULATION BY GENDER & % BREAKDOWN, 2001 - 2007
• A.3.8 Demographics: Population by Age Group
• Table A.7 POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, 2001 - 2007
• Table A.8 % BREAKDOWN OF POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, 2001 - 2007
• A.4 Consumer Attitudes
• A.4.1 Consumer Attitudes: Overview
• A.4.2 Consumer Attitudes: Response to Political Change
• A.4.2 Consumer Attitudes: Response to Economic Change
• A.4.3 Consumer Attitudes: Changes in Lifestyle
  • Livelihood
  • Individual loans
  • Housing
  • Possessions
  • Travel
  • Entertainment
  • Health and Fitness
  • Purchasing Influences
  • Taboos
• A.5 Consumer Wealth
• A.5.1 Consumer Wealth: GDP and Cost of Living
  • Dealing with WTO
  • China' s New Middle Class
• Table A.9 MIDDLE AND UPPER INCOME HOUSEHOLDS IN CHINA, 1995/2000/2005/2010/2015
• Table A.10 TOTAL CONSUMPTION BY MIDDLE AND UPPER INCOME HOUSEHOLDS, 2005/2010/2015
• Table A.11 CONSUMPTION BY MIDDLE AND UPPER INCOME HOUSEHOLDS & % OF TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS, 1995/2000/2005/2010/2015
  • Confident Shoppers
• Table A.12 GDP AND COST OF LIVING INDEX, 2001 - 2007
• A.5.2 Consumer Wealth: Provincial GDP
• Table A.13 GDP BY PROVINCE, 2001 - 2007
• A.5.3 Consumer Wealth: GDP Growth by Province
• Table A.14 GDP GROWTH BY PROVINCE, 2001 - 2007
• A.5.4 Consumer Wealth: GDP Per Capita by Province
• Table A.15 PER CAPITA GDP BY PROVINCE, 2001-2007
• A.5.5 Consumer Wealth: Concentration of Wealth by Province
• Map A.3 VALUE OF GDP PER CAPITA BY PROVINCE, 2007
• A.5.6 Consumer Wealth: The Major Cities
• Table A.16 LEADING CITIES KEY ECONOMIC INDICATORS, 2007
• A.6 Households
• A.6.1 Households: Overview of Household Conditions
• A.6.2 Households: Total Households by Size
• Table A.17 NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS BY SIZE, 2001 - 2007
• A.6.3 Households: Total households by Urban/Rural Split
• Table A.18 NUMBER AND SIZE OF HOUSEHOLDS BY LOCATION, 2001 - 2007
• A.6.4 Households: Income Earners Per Household 131
• Table A.19 AVERAGE NUMBER OF INCOME EARNERS PER HOUSEHOLD, 2001 - 2007
• A.7 Employment
• A.7.1 Employment: Number of Workers by Sector
• Table A.20 NATIONAL EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR, 2001 - 2007
• A.7.2 Employment: Growth by Sector
• Table A.21 GROWTH IN EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR, 2001 - 2007
• A.7.3 Employment: Number of Workers by Gender
• Table A.22 TOTAL NATIONAL WORKFORCE BY GENDER, 2001 - 2007
• A.7.3 Employment: Number of Workers by Habitation
• Table A.23 NATIONAL WORKFORCE BY HABITATION, 2001 - 2007
• A.7.4 Employment: Urban Unemployment
• Table A.24 URBAN UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, 2001 - 2007
• A.8 Consumer Income
• A.8.1 Consumer Income: Average Incomes by Sector
• Table A.25 AVERAGE INCOMES BY SECTOR, 2001 - 2007
• A.8.2 Consumer Income: Growth by Sector
• Table A.26 GROWTH IN AVERAGE INCOMES BY SECTOR, 2001 - 2007
• A.8.3 Consumer Income: Average Incomes by Region
• Table A.27 AVERAGE INCOMES BY REGION, 2001 - 2007
• A.8.4 Consumer Income: Growth by Region
• Table A.28 GROWTH IN AVERAGE INCOMES BY REGION, 2001 - 2007
• A.9 Consumer Market
• A.9.1 Consumer Market: Spending Trends
• Table A.29 CONSUMER EXPENDITURE* BY BROAD SECTOR AT CURRENT PRICES, 2001 - 2007
• A.9.2 Consumer Market: Per Capita Consumer Expenditure
• Table A.30 PER CAPITA CONSUMER EXPENDITURE* BY BROAD SECTOR AT CURRENT PRICES, 2001 - 2007
• A.9.3 Consumer Market: Retail Sales and Consumer Spending
• Table A.31 RETAIL SALES AS A PROPORTION OF CONSUMER EXPENDITURE*, 2000 - 2006
• A.9.4 Consumer Market: Urban Income and Spending Compared
• Table A.32 URBAN AVERAGE ANNUAL INCOME/EXPENDITURE, 2001 - 2007
• A.10 Exchange Rates
• A.10.1 Exchange Rates: China
• Table A.33 AVERAGE ANNUAL RENMINBI EXCHANGE RATES AGAINST A VARIETY OF CURRENCIES, 2000 - 2007
• A.10.2 Exchange Rates: Hong Kong
• Table A.34 AVERAGE ANNUAL HONG KONG DOLLAR EXCHANGE RATES AGAINST THE UNITED STATES DOLLAR AND RENMINBI, 2000 - 2007

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